建筑施工废料的数量、组成与产生原因分析

建筑施工废料主要由碎砖、混凝土、砂浆、桩头、包装材料等组成．废料数量因施工及管理情况不同，各建筑工地差异很大；建筑施工废料产生于施工的全过程，加强对建筑活动全过程的综合管理和废料在本工程中进行回收利用，是减少废料数量的有效途径．     

聚酯废料的再生利用

综述了用聚酯废料制备增塑剂、不饱和聚酯、粘合剂、涂料等，所得产品的性能及制备方法，提供了一些适合国情的废料综合利用途径。     

利用平菇废料栽培茶新菇的研究

茶新菇是近年来经驯化人工栽培的食用菌新种类，具有营养丰富、肉质脆嫩、口好的特点，因此，发展前景看好。利用平菇废料栽培茶新菇的实验表明，以1／3平菇废料和2／3棉籽壳为主料的培养料栽培茶新菇能取得与全棉籽壳为主料的对照组相近的产量，生物效率达60．36％，并节约26．59％的原料费用，从而降低生产成本产生较好的经济，该实验尝试了食用菌废料循环利用，降低资源消耗量的可行途径。     

PET树脂废料的综合利用

本文阐述了PET树脂废料制备聚酯漆包线漆的生产原理,介绍了利用PET废料生产醇酸漆等产品的工艺条件及降解回收乙二醇的技术。     

含铬废料制备铬酸铅的研究

利用工业生产中的含铬废料制备了铬酸铅，制备方法是在55℃下用稀盐酸溶解含铬废料后过滤掉铜杂质，滤液用10%的NaOH溶液调pH=13，再用双氧水将Cr（Ⅲ）氧化为Cr(VI），加入Pb（Ac)2溶液，生成沉淀PbCrO4，讨论了各种因素对制备铬酸铅的影响。     

制茶废料提取咖啡碱新工艺

咖啡碱属黄源呤生物碱，即化学结构式中N1、N3、N7甲基化的黄嘌呤。酰胺型咖啡碱可溶于水，且在沸水中完全溶解，因此可提取、分离和精制。近年来含有咖啡碱的饮料遍及世界，咖啡碱用于临床治疗可作解热镇痛药的组成成分。中利用制茶废料提取咖啡碱新工艺原理茶为我国特产，各地均有栽培。茶树的芽叶供制茶，采收量丰盛。经化验，茶叶以含咖啡碱为主，其含量为1％－5％。我国所产的各种市售茶叶含咖啡碱约2％－4％。在鲜叶加工为成品茶的过程中产生的叶柄、碎末等废料，含咖啡碱约2．4％－2．8％。从制茶废料中提取咖啡碱，可实现废物的综…     

镍镉电池废料的三相流态化浸出

提出硫酸熟化及三相流态化浸出处理镍镉电池废料的新工艺．考察了硫酸耗量，液固比，温度及时间几个因素对浸出的影响．当采用１．１倍理论酸量、液固比２：１和常温下浸出１．０ｈ，得到的浸出率为：镍９８．８８％，镉９７．９６％；扩大试验总浸出率均不低于９５％．三相流态化反应器单位面积生产能力达到１２７．４ｋｇ／ｍ２·ｈ．     

建筑施工废料的数量、组成与产生原因分析

建筑施工废料主要由碎砖、混凝土、砂浆、桩头、包装材料等组成．废料数量因施工及管理情况不同,各建筑工地差异很大;建筑施工废料产生于施工的全过程,加强对建筑活动全过程的综合管理和废料在本工程中进行回收利用,是减少废料数量的有效途径．     

综合利用清平磷矿废料的一种简单可行的办法

介绍了综合利用高Ａｌ低Ｐ含量的清平磷矿废料的一种简单可行的办法．在焙烧清平磷矿废料的硫酸浸取液中加入硫酸铵，在酸性条件下，在常压及５℃的低温下，使铝铵钒（ＮＨ４Ａｌ（ＳＯ４）２·１２Ｈ２Ｏ）大量结晶，从而导致Ｐ和Ａｌ分离．到目前为止，Ａｌ２Ｏ３的总浸取率在８０％以上，其回收率在９０％以上．最后，从残余Ｆｅ３＋、Ａｌ３＋和部分ＳＯ２－４被除去的滤液中，通过石灰水分步中和、沉淀，能得到合格的饲料磷酸氢钙和磷肥．     

HNO3修饰的亚麻废料吸附剂对锌离子吸附性的研究

利用亚麻废料制备吸附剂对废水中金属锌离子的吸附进行研究.结果表明,经HNO3修饰的亚麻废料吸附剂对锌离子吸附效果要好于未经修饰的亚麻废料.经HNO3修饰的亚麻废料吸附剂对锌离子有最佳吸附的pH为5.80,振荡时间120min达到吸附平衡,最大吸附量为0.324mol/kg,最佳固液比为4.3mg/mL.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to