维药多伞阿魏的化学成分研究

为明确维药多伞阿魏(Ferula ferulaeoides)的主要化学成分及其抗肿瘤活性,采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20 凝胶柱色谱及半制备高效液相色谱法等技术进行分离纯化,运用NMR和HRMS等波谱学方法鉴定各化合物的结构,采用计算电子圆二色谱法（ECD）判定新化合物的绝对构型. 同时运用MTT法对分离得到的单体化合物在人源乳腺癌（MCF-7）细胞系上进行细胞毒活性测试. 结果从多伞阿魏的乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到15个化合物,分别鉴定为1- (2- hydroxyl- 4- methoxybenzoyl)- 2S*- hydroxy- 5,9,13- trimethyl- 4(E),8(E),12- tetradecatrien- 1- one ( 1 ),愈创木醇 ( 2 ),1- (2,4- dihydroxyphenyl)- 3,7,11- trimethyl- 3- vinyl- 6(E),10- dodecadiene- 1- one ( 3 ),dshamirone ( 4 ),2,3- dihydro-7- hydroxy- 2S*,3R*- dimethyl- 2- [4,8-dimethyl- 3(E),7- nonadienyl]- furo[3,2-c]coumarin ( 5 ),3- (2-hydroxyl-4-methoxybenzoyl)- 4S*,5R*- dimethyl- 5- [4,8- dimethyl- 3(E),7(E)- nonadien- 1- yl]tetrahydro- 2- furanone ( 6 ),fukanedone A ( 7 ),2,3- dihydro- 7- methoxy- 2S*,3R*- dimethyl- 2- [4- methyl- 5- (4-methyl-2-furyl)- 3(E)- pentenyl]- furo[3,2-c]coumarin ( 8 ),伞形花素 ( 9 ),2,3- dihydro- 7- methoxy- 2S*,3S*- dimethyl- 3- [4,8- dimethyl- 3(E),7- nonadienyl]- furo[3,2-c]coumarin ( 10 ),2,3- dihydro- 7- methoxy- 2S*,3R*- dimethyl- 3- [4,8-dimethyl-3(E),7-nonadienyl]- furo[3,2-c]coumarin ( 11 ),2,3- dihydro- 7- hydroxy- 2S*,3R*- dimethyl- 3- [4,8- dimethyl- 3(E),7- nonadienyl]- furo[3,2-c]coumarin ( 12 ),2,3- dihydro- 7- methoxy- 2S*,3R*- dimethyl- 2- [4,8- dimethyl- 3(E),7- nonadienyl]- furo[3,2-c]coumarin ( 13 ),2,3- dihydro- 7- methoxy- 2R*,3R*- dimethyl- 2- [4,8- dimethyl- 3(E),7- nonadienyl]- furo[3,2-c]coumarin ( 14 ),ferulaeone C ( 15 ). 其中,化合物 1 为新杂萜类化合物,化合物 9 是从该植物中首次分离得到. 化合物 3 、 4 、 5 和 15 表现出潜在的抗肿瘤活性,半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）分别为15.11,12.98,18.01和12.87 μmol/L.      

一种新型钙调蛋白抑制剂合成研究

以3,4-二甲氧基苯酚为起始原料,经取代、环合、酯还原、脱保护等反应得到新型的钙调蛋白抑制剂3-{2-[4-(3-氯-2-甲基苯)-1-哌嗪基]乙基}-5,6-二甲氧基-1-(4-咪唑甲基)-1 H-吲唑二盐酸化合物,其结构经核磁共振氢谱(1 H NMR)、核磁共振碳谱(~(13) C NMR)、电喷雾离子化质谱(ESI-MS)和高分辨质谱(HRMS)的确证和表征.     

溴苯薄荷醇衍生物和联苯薄荷醇衍生物的合成表征

研究了二环[4.2.0]辛酮中间体薄荷醇衍生物的合成工艺.以(-)-1R,2S,5R-8-(4-溴苯)薄荷醇和(-)-1R,2S,5R-8-联苯薄荷醇为原料,通过酯化反应合成目标化合物,产率分别为94%,95%.其结构经1H NMR,13CNMR,IR,MS和旋光性进行了表征,并对化合物2a和2b的构象稳定性和晶体结构进行了研究.     

吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶核苷单磷酸酯的合成和抗HBV活性

以4-取代-9-(2′-脱氧-2′-β-氟-β-D-呋喃糖基)吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶类化合物为原料,与三氯氧磷一锅法合成出具有新型结构的吡咯[2,3-d]嘧啶核苷单磷酸酯类化合物,其化学结构经核磁共振磷谱(31P NMR)、核磁共振氢谱(1 H NMR)、高分辨质谱(HRMS)分析确证;对合成的目标化合物进行了初步的体外抗乙肝病毒药理活性实验,结果显示设计合成的7个化合物对乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)和乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)都有一定的抑制作用,其中化合物3a,3d,3f对HBsAg和HBeAg的抑制率较高,3a的毒性较低.     

傣药坡扣的脑苷类成分

对傣药坡扣Homalomena gigantea化学成分进行了研究.采用硅胶柱色谱、HPLC等方法分离纯化,通过波谱分析技术鉴定化合物结构.结果表明:从傣药坡扣中分离得到5个脑苷类化合物,分别鉴定为:1-O-β-D-glueopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E,8Z)-2-[2'(R)-hydroxyhexadecanoyl-amino]-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol(1)、1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E,8Z)-2-[2'(R)-hydroxyoctadecanoyl-amino]-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol(2)、1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E,8Z)-2-[2'(R)-hydroxyicosanoyl-amino]-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol(3)、1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E,8Z)-2-[2'(R)-hydroxydocosanoyl-amino]-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol(4)、1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E,8Z)-2-[2'(R)-hydroxytetracosanoyl-amino]-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol(5).化合物2～5为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

滇南风吹楠的化学成分研究

利用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、MCI柱色谱对滇南风吹楠70%(体积分数)丙酮提取物进行分离纯化,并通过1H NMR、13C NMR等波谱技术进行结构鉴定,从该提取物中共分离鉴定了6个化合物,包括4个木脂素和2个甾体类化合物,它们分别为dextrobursehernin(1),(2R,3S,4R)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-3-hydroxymethyltetrahydrofuran(2),(2R,3S,4R)-4-(3,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxymethyltetrahydrofuran(3),4,4’-dimethylsecoisolariciresinol(4),胡萝卜苷(5)和β-谷甾醇(6).化合物1~5均数首次从该植物中分离得到.     

L—2（10）—蒎烯四醋酸铅氧化产生扩环产物的结构

在四醋酸铅氧化L-2(10)-蒎烯的产物中,首次分离得到三种扩环产物2、3、4,经HR-MS、EI-MS、NMR(~1H、~(13)C、H-H COSY、H-C COSY)、IR等波谱方法确定,分别为(1S,6S)-7,7-二甲基双环[4.1.1]-3-辛烷酮及其异构体(1R,6S)-7,7-二甲基双环[4.1.1]-2-辛烷酮和(4S)-4-异丙烯基环庚烷酮,文中还讨论了反应机理。     

红土沉香的化学成分及其抗炎活性研究

综合运用多种柱色谱技术从越南红土沉香乙醇提取物中分离得到13个化合物,经过现代波谱学技术鉴定其结构为：7-甲氧基-2-[2-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基]色酮(1),6-甲氧基-2-(2-苯乙基)色酮(2),6,7-二甲氧基-2-(2-苯乙基)色酮(3),6-甲氧基-2-[2-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基]色酮(4),6-甲氧基-2-[2-(3-甲氧基苯基)乙基]色酮(5),5-羟基-6-甲氧基-2-[2-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙基]色酮(6),6,8-二羟基-2-(2-苯乙基)色酮(7),(1β,3α,4aβ,5β,8aα)-4a,5-dimethyl-3-(prop-1-en-2-yl)octahydronaphthalene-1,8a(1H)-diol(8),rel-(4S,5R,7R,8R,11R)-eremophil-9-en-12,8-olide(9),cyclodebneyol(10),柯拉斯那酸甲酯(11),白木香醇(12)和4-表-15-羟基菖蒲螺烯酮(13).其中,化合物1为新天然产物,所有化合物均为首次从红土沉香中分离得到.以上化合物的抗炎活性测试结果表明,化合物3、8和13具有一定的抗炎活性,IC50值分别为81.23 ± 2.83、39.55 ± 3.75和72.63 ± 2.87 μmol·L－1.     

微波合成5-(3-羟基-1,3-二苯基烯丙基)麦氏酸

以查尔酮和麦氏酸为原料,经微波辐照合成了5-(3-羟基-1,3-二苯基烯丙基)麦氏酸,合成的最佳条件为DMF做反应介质,n(麦氏酸)∶n(查尔酮)=1.2∶1,微波中火辐照30 min,产物收率为87.6%。目标化合物结构经红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(~1H NMR)和核磁共振碳谱(~(13)C NMR)表征确证。     

基于2′，4′-二氟联苯基的新型1， 2， 4-三氮唑类化合物的合成及其抗真菌活性

依据药物分子设计原理,设计合成了以 2′, 4′-二氟代联苯基为分子骨架的新型1, 2, 4-三氮唑化合物.目标化合物分子结构经核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR )、碳谱(13C NMR)、高分辨质谱(HRMS-ESI)进行确证.测试了目标化合物的体外抗真菌活性,测试结果表明,目标化合物5d, 5e, 6a, 6b, 7c的抗真菌活性较好, 化合物5d, 6a对白色念珠菌的抑菌活性和酮康唑、氟康唑的抑菌活性相当,化合物5d, 5e, 6a, 7c对红色毛癣菌的抑菌活性接近酮康唑,优于氟康唑.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.