气相色谱-质谱法分析环己酮氨肟化体系中失活催化剂上可溶性沉积物的组成

利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术,对环己酮氨肟化体系中失活催化剂上的可溶性沉积物进行了分析.分析液样品的制备采用了HF溶解-乙醚萃取法.GC条件:HP-5型石英毛细管色谱柱(30 m× 0.25 mm×0.25μm),载气为He,流速为0.8 mL/min;柱箱程序升温,初始温度为40℃,以20℃/min升至2...     

莫西沙星侧链的残留溶剂测定

采用气相色谱法及残留溶剂测定法对莫西沙星侧链的残留溶剂进行测定.色谱柱采用6%氰丙基苯基—94%二甲基聚硅氧烷为固定液的毛细管柱(DB-624,30m×0.32mm×1.8μm),柱温80℃,维持5min后,以8℃/min的速率升温至200℃,维持15min;检测器为氢火焰离子化检测器,检测温度为270℃,进样口温度为250℃,载气流速3.0mL/min,分流比10∶1.实验结果显示,本方法可以有效、准确地检测出莫西沙星侧链的残留溶剂.     

毛细管气相色谱法检测替加环素中有机溶剂残留

建立了毛细管气相色谱法测定替加环素原料药中7种有机残留溶剂的分析方法．采用ZB-624熔融石英毛细管柱（30m×0．53mm×3μm）,FID检测器,以二甲基亚砜为溶剂．其中甲醇、异丙醇、异丙醚、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃与甲苯的测定采用顶空进样法,柱温40℃保持9min,以20℃／min升温至200℃,保持1min;N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的测定采用直接进样法,柱温100℃保持5min,以20℃／min升温至200℃．结果表明各残留溶剂均能得到有效分离,在所考察的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=0．9989～0．9999）,平均加样回收率在92．4％～104．8％（RSD=1．41％-5．6％）之间,定量限为0．15—10．19μg／mL,3批样品中7种残留溶剂的量均符合我国药典要求．该方法可用于替加环素原料药中残留溶剂的检测和质量控制．     

白酒塑化剂的气质联用(GC-MS)检测方法的选择与优化

采用沸水浴处理、正己烷液液萃取方式处理样品后,通过对色谱柱、进样温度、载气流速、程序升温、检测器温度、进样量等进行选择与优化,建立了白酒中3种常规白酒塑化剂的气质联用(GC-MS)检测方法:采用Agilent 19091S-433色谱柱(30m×0.25 mm×0.25μm);进样口温度250℃;升温程序:初始柱温60℃,保持1min,以20℃/min升温至220℃,保持1min,再以5℃/min升温至280℃,保持4min;载气:氦气(纯度99.999%),流速1ml/min;进样方式:不分流进样;进样量:1μL.质谱条件:色谱与质谱接口温度250℃;电离方式:电子轰击源(EI);监测方式:选择离子扫描模式(SIM).电离能量:70e V;溶剂延迟:7min.用该法对湘窖酒业有限公司的4个不同环节的白酒样品中3种邻苯二甲酸酯残留(DBP、DEHP、DINP)进行检测,结果表明所建方法加标回收率为91.4%~105.7%,精密度为2.5%~9.3%,在0.1~10.0mg/L范围内,线性关系良好,相关系数为0.977~0.998,检出限为0.05mg/L.方法简单、灵敏、快速、抗干扰能力强,定性、定量准确并且具有良好的重现性和精密度,适合于白酒中3种常规邻苯二甲酸酯污染物检测.加强白酒储藏与运输环节关键点的控制,确保白酒质量与安全.     

毛细管气相色谱法测定异黄酮衍生物2702中有机溶剂残留量

建立异黄酮衍生物2702中乙醇,乙酸乙酯残留量的测定方法.采用毛细管气相色谱法,色谱柱为DB-Wax(30 m×0.45 mm×0.85 μm)石英毛细管柱;检测器为FID,载气为氮气;柱温为程序升温:起始温度为40℃,保持5 min, 然后以40℃/min的速率升至205℃,保持8 min;气化室温度为225℃.在该色谱条件下,采用甲苯为内标.测得乙醇、乙酸乙酯二种溶剂分别在1.25～87.50 μg/mL(r=0.999 8);1.80～89.90 μg/mL(r=0.999 9)范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率分别为102.0%(RSD=2.8%), 98.4%(RSD=2.3%);检测限分别为0.13 ng,0.17 ng.因此,该毛细管气相色谱法简单、结果准确,适用于本品有机溶剂残留量的测定.     

气相色谱法分析杠板归中有机氯农药的残留量

目的:利用气相色谱法检测15批不同产地杠板归药材中有机氯农药的残留量.方法:采用SE-54弹性石英毛细管(30m×0.32mm×25μm)色谱柱,进样口温度为230℃;检测器温度为300℃.不分流进样,程序升温,检测器为63Ni电子捕获检测器(ECD).结果及结论:15批杠板归药材中9种有机氯农药残留量未超标.     

GC直接进样与顶空进样法检测睾酮衍生物AD残留量*

建立毛细管气相色谱法,分别采用溶液直接进样与顶空进样法测定睾酮衍生物AD中溴代环戊烷的残留量。溶液直接进样法:色谱柱为DB-WAX石英毛细管柱,采用程序升温,初始温度50℃,保持5 min;然后以30(℃·min-1)升温至200℃,保持7 min。顶空进样法:顶空瓶加热温度90℃,平衡时间30 min。测得溴代环戊烷分别在4.17~83.4(μg·m L-1)和0.139~2.78(μg·m L-1)范围内呈良好线性关系。回收率分别为100.65%、99.82%。这两种方法均可检测睾酮衍生物AD中溴代环戊烷的残留量,而顶空进样法灵敏度更高,对色谱柱污染较小。     

基于毛细管气相色谱法的花色蛤中扑草净残留量测定

建立了花色蛤中扑草净含量的毛细管气相色谱测定方法.采用SPL进样口,毛细管色谱柱rtx-5(弱极性,30m×0.25 mm×0.25μm),火焰光度检测器(FPD)进行检测.进样口温度,250℃,分流比5∶1,载气流速,1.47 m L/min;线速率控制方式:线速率,37 cm/s,柱室温度,100℃保持1 min,以30℃/min升至220℃,保持10 min;检测器温度,250℃,氢气气流量,40 m L/min,空气流量,60 m L/min.实验结果表明:方法简单、快速、重现性好,平均回收率大于85%,RSD小于6.0%,线性范围为0.05~1μg/m L,检出限(定性限)为0.001 mg/kg.     

气相色谱法测定多烯磷脂酰胆碱注射液中苯甲醇的含量

建立了多烯磷脂酰胆碱注射液中苯甲醇的气相色谱分析方法.色谱柱:DB-1701,(30 m×0.32 mm×0.25μm);柱前压:38 kPa;气化室温度:250℃,程序升温:80℃保持2min,以20℃/min的速度升温至200℃.用该方法测定了5批多烯磷脂酰胆碱注射液中苯甲醇的含量,该方法为多烯磷脂酰胆碱注射液简便、合理、可靠的质量控制方法.     

纤维素键合手性柱拆分分析吲达帕胺对映体

建立一种用新型键合纤维素手性固定相拆分吲达帕胺对映异构体的高效液相色谱方法．使用ChiralpakIC（250mm×4．6mm,5μm）色谱柱拆分吲达帕胺对映体,分离度为1．98,流动相为正己烷一异丙醇（60／40,V／V）,流速1．0mL／min,检测波长240nm,柱温25℃．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.