空间光通信中高斯光束传输闪烁指数测量系统

基于ARM9嵌入式MCU设计并制作了闪烁参数测量系统,利用该系统对激光在实际湍流中的闪烁指数进行实验测量.在实际测量中,证明该系统能实时地测量激光在湍流大气中传输的闪烁指数.实验结果表明:当高斯光束在湍流大气中的传输距离越大,其闪烁指数越大;在相同位置处,高斯光束的闪烁指数随着湍流强度的增加而增大.     

大气湍流退化图像的复原研究

大气湍流退化图像的复原在航天成像、天文观测等领域具有重要的地位,也是目前急需解决的问题.该问题的解决能够克服大气湍流扰动带来的图像降晰和提高目标图像的分辨能力,以便后续的目标特征提取和识别等处理.文章提出将大气湍流的光学传递函数应用在迭代盲目反卷积图像复原算法上,使图像达到更好的复原效果.研究表明,此复原方法可以更有效...     

中性大气折射延迟的研究现状及其天文测量方法

经典天体测量和大地测量所作的天文大气折射修正,以及现代空间大地测量所作的电磁波中性大气折射延迟改正,都没有达到期望的高精度要求,原因在于不能直接测定天文大气折射和折射延迟模型的参数,只能采用各地相同和各向同性的理论模型作改正.为了提高修正精度,人们用测量数据反演各观测站不同方位的经验改正模型.本文根据有关学科发展对空间大地测量的精度要求,阐述了折射延迟量与观测站周围的地形有关的事实,指出了建立和采用随观测站、方向而异的改正模型的必要性;在分析了长期以来直接测定天文大气折射或折射率的几个主要障碍和已具备的条件后,根据光学波段的天文大气折射与射电波段的大气折射延迟之内在联系,提出了在各测站采用天文大气折射测定值,建立各自随方位而异的大气折射实测模型和折射延迟实测模型的方法;文中还给出了测定瞬时天文大气折射、建立两种实测模型的总体方案.这一方法的实施,将有可能把天顶方向的延迟改正精度提高到1mm以内、高度角5°处的精度提高到厘米量级,并且把截止高度角压缩到5°以内.     

红外成像大气作用效果模拟

在大气传输理论的基础上研究了红外成像大气作用效果的模拟方法，指出大气效应主要是由湍流和气溶胶的作用引起的，继而分别给出了湍流和气溶胶调制传递函数模型及其参数的预测方法，两调制传递函数相乘即可得到总的大气调制传递函数，并通过计算机模拟验证了此方法的有效性和可行性。     

离轴扭曲各向异性高斯-谢尔模型光束在湍流大气中的传播

该文基于广义惠更斯-菲涅耳原理,利用部分相干光复曲率张量推导出了离轴扭曲各向异性高斯-谢尔模型光束在湍流大气中传播的解析表达式,详细研究了该类光束在湍流大气中的传播特性.研究表明:离轴扭曲各向异性高斯-谢尔模型光束光斑在湍流大气中将退化为非离轴高斯圆形光斑;离轴参数与传播距离之间的关系曲线随着湍流强度的减弱、扭曲参数的增大以及光源相干性减弱变化缓慢.结果还表明,利用部分相干光复曲率张量分析各类高斯-谢尔光束在大气湍流中的传播和变换特性是一种简单有效的方法.     

南极瑞穗站大气光学特征研究

本文利用南极瑞穗站１９７９年太阳可见光波段直接辐射的分光测量和微气象观测资料＾［１－２］。分别计算了整层大气、分子大气、臭氧和气溶胶的散射和吸收所构成的光学厚度τｔ（λ）、τＲ（λ）、τ０３（λ）和τａ（λ）及埃斯屈朗浑浊度系数β和波长指数ａ，并与北京和拉萨的相应值进行了比较＾［３－５］。文中对波长指数和埃斯屈朗浑浊度系数及整层大气垂直光学厚度与大气稳定度参数、湍流热通量的关系也进行了讨论。     

爆炸环境激光通信信道研究

研究了爆炸参数与信道湍流强度的关系.采用参数分离方法将大气折射率结构常数分离为常数项、含压强项和不含压强项,在此基础上研究爆炸产生的冲击波对周围压强的影响,最终得出大气折射率结构常数与炮弹装药量和冲击波传播位置的关系.仿真结果显示大气折射率结构常数随冲击波传播距离指数衰减,并且在10～20m范围内1 000kgTNT爆炸产生湍流介于弱湍流与中湍流之间.     

部分相干双曲余弦高斯光束在湍流大气中传输的光谱变化

基于广义惠更斯-菲涅尔原理,推导出了部分相干双曲余弦高斯(ChG)光束在湍流大气中的光谱传输方程,研究了湍流对其光谱特性的影响,得出了一些有意义的结论,并给予了合理的物理解释.研究表明,部分相干ChG光束通过湍流大气传输其光谱特性由源光谱、光束相干参数、光束离心参数、大气折射率结构常数和观察点位置等因素共同决定.湍流使轴上点光谱移动量减小.当湍流增强到一定程度时离轴点还存在光谱跃变现象,发生跃变的临界位置和光谱跃变量随湍流的增强而增大.此外,光谱跃变的临界位置随着离心参数的增大而远离传输轴,光谱跃变量随着光束相干参数的增大而增大.     

一种新的测量大气折射的方法

大气折射是直接影响地面天体测量位置的一项较大的修正项.现有的大气折射表仅采用某一地区的大气平均密度编制而成,而实际大气密度的分布情况还受到观测站的地理环境、周围建筑物分布、气象环境等要素的影响.因此对于高精度的观测,仅用统一的大气折射表作修正是不够的,提高大气折射修正值精度的根本途径是建立观测站本地的大气折射实测模型.根据多功能天文经纬仪的特点,提出一种仅用子午方向的视天顶距测定值就可得到瞬时天文纬度测定值的方法,将这种测定值分别用于建立子午方向大气折射实测模型和各给定方位的大气折射实测模型.并且在编制观测纲要时满足一定的限制条件Σtan z→0,巧妙地压缩原有大气折射表等系统误差对瞬时天文纬度测定值的影响.     

自由空间量子通信系统分析

自由空间量子通信系统容易受到各种自然条件的影响从而影响密钥生成率,而大气湍流随机性的特点是设计自由空间量子通信系统考虑的首要因素.根据大气传播理论,考虑湍流和衰减因素,建立了自由空间极化编码单光子源的传播模型,分析了大气湍流和量子密钥生成率间的关系;然后利用实际参数分析了不同湍流强度对量子密钥生成率的影响.分析结果表明...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.