应用内毒素致家兔发热模型研究小儿清热止咳颗粒的清热作用

小儿清热止咳颗粒是由小儿清热口服液改型剂而成。该配方由麻黄、苦杏仁、黄苓、板兰根等组成。作者应用内毒素致家兔发热模型对小儿清热止咳颗粒的清热作用进行了研究。结果表明 ,给予内毒素发热的实验家兔 0 5g/kg和 1 0g/kg小儿清热止咳颗粒灌胃 ,2h、3h、4h测量体温显示 ,该颗粒具有非常显著的清热作用 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,与小儿清热止咳口服液比较 ,证明该两种剂型的解热效果相同 (P >0 .1 )。     

家兔对细菌内毒素致热耐受性的实验研究

目的　探讨家兔多次使用后是否对细菌内毒素致热产生耐受现象。方法　对家兔进行常规热原试验 ,间隔两天做一次 ,共做三次。每次对同一家兔注射同一剂量的内毒素 ,间隔 15min记录一次温度。结果　第三次家兔升温幅度明显低于第一次和第二次的结果。结论　家兔多次使用后对细菌内毒素致热原产生耐受性     

华药兔致热阈测定及动态观察

家兔最小致热原剂量(MPD)即致热阈的测定,是检验动物质量并用兔法检测样品热原质的基础。为了保证出厂药品符合药典规定的质量标准,我们定期用细菌内毒素国家标准样品为致热原,对本厂实验兔进行致热阈测定及动态观察,同时做了幼龄兔与老龄兔的敏感性比较     

感冒双解颗粒解热作用研究

目的 研究感冒双解颗粒解热作用.方法 采用大鼠干酵母和家兔细菌内毒素解热模型,给予高、中、低剂量的感冒双解颗粒浸膏粉,观察感冒双解颗粒对发热模型动物体温的影响,考察解热作用强度及时程.结果 感冒双解颗粒浸膏粉高剂量组(1.7g浸膏粉/kg)在给药后1.5～4 h能明显抑制干酵母模型大鼠体温升高,降温幅度约为0.7℃,而...     

注射用头孢西丁钠细菌内毒素检查法与热原检查法的比较

目的:通过细菌内毒素检查法与热原检查法的比较实验,建立注射用头孢西丁钠的细菌内毒素检查法.方法:通过家兔试验确定注射用头孢西丁钠的致热阈值、内毒素限值,选用鲎试剂灵敏度为0.125 EU·mL-1样品质量浓度设定为0.83 mg·mL-1;鲎试剂灵敏度为0.25 EU·mL-1样品质量浓度设定1.66 mg·mL-1两种不同质量浓度为干扰实验质量浓度确定头孢西丁钠的试验质量浓度.结果:注射用头孢西丁钠对细菌内毒素的干扰作用可以通过稀释的方法排除,最后确定限度为每1 mg含细菌内毒素不高于0.13 EU.结论:注射用头孢西丁钠可用于细菌内毒素检查法代替家兔法进行热原检查.     

甘氨酸预处理对中华羊茅热胁迫下幼苗生长和氧化损伤的影响(英文)

研究了甘氨酸预处理对降低中华羊茅幼苗热胁迫的保护性作用.甘氨酸预处理降低了活性氧水平,保护了热胁迫下幼苗细胞膜的完整性,因而降低了植株根系细胞的死亡率.研究表明:甘氨酸预处理可以提高幼苗超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)的活性.半定量RT-PCR分析表明甘氨酸预处理幼苗中CAT基因的表达比对照高.讨论了抗氧化酶活性在甘氨酸调节热胁迫中的作用.     

内毒素致家兔发热模型的研究

目的:建立家兔发热模型.方法:模型组于家兔小脑延髓池内分别注射0.05μ g/kg(A)、0.075μg/kg(B)、0.1μg/kg(C)、0.25μg/kg(D)大肠埃希菌内毒素,空白组于家兔小脑延髓池注射等量的生理盐水,连续测量体温,观察一般状态.结果:从模型组发热过程看,均有体温上升期、高热期和体温下降期,其高热阶段和体温下降阶段时程长,而体温上升阶段时程短,认为与本研究采用小脑延髓池内直接注入LPS有关.4个模型组的发热过程符合人体疾病的发热过程.从发热程度看,4个模型组发热高峰值接近人体疾病时的中、高热的幅度.从一般状态看,具有与发热过程相关的伴随症状.结论:此方法研制家兔发热模型稳定易行、可重复,模型组随LPS注射剂量的增加家兔发热反应增强,LPS注射剂量不同发热峰型不同,A、B组为单峰热型,C、D组为高热平台型,LPS注射剂量可以根据需要选择.     

姜黄素对沙漠干热环境中暑大鼠脑损伤的保护作用研究

摘要: 目的观察姜黄素对沙漠干热环境中暑大鼠脑组织氧化应激的影响。方法200 只SD 大鼠,随机分为5 组:盐水对照组、溶剂组、姜黄素预处理低剂量组、姜黄素预处理中剂量组、姜黄素预处理高剂量组。各组连续7 d 等体积灌胃,同时置于西北特殊环境人工实验舱,设定沙漠干热环境气候模式温度( 41 ± 1) ℃,湿度10% ＲH。分别在0 min、50 min、100 min、150 min 各组随机取10 只动物检测脑组织丙二醛( MDA) 及谷胱甘肽( GSH) 的含量。结果 ( 1) 0 min 时间点各组大鼠脑组织MDA 的含量无显著性差异( P ＞ 0. 05) ,随着干热环境持续时间延长MDA 含量呈现上升趋势,姜黄素预处理高剂量组与对照组、溶剂组差异具有显著性( P ＜ 0. 05) 。( 2) 0 min 时间点各组大鼠脑组织GSH 的含量无显著性差异( P ＞ 0. 05) ,随着干热环境持续时间延长GSH 含量逐渐下降,姜黄素预处理高剂量组与对照组、溶剂组差异具有显著性( P ＜ 0. 05) 。结论姜黄素对沙漠干热环境中暑大鼠脑组织氧化应激损伤具有抑制作用,对神经系统具有一定保护作用。     

牛磺酸降温作用的剂量—效应关系

为观察不同剂量的牛磺酸侧脑室灌注对家兔体温的影响。方法：实验将新西兰家兔分为４组，分别静脉注射ＥＴ和ＮＳ后侧脑室灌注牛磺酸和人工脑脊液，测定家兔的直肠温度。结果：家兔侧脑室灌注小剂量牛磺酸（００３ｍｍｏｌ／ｋｇ）后，可以明显降低ＥＴ引起的体温上升，但对正常体温没有影响；用大剂量牛磺酸（００６ｍｍｏｌ／ｋｇ）灌注侧脑室，不仅完全阻断家兔的ＥＴ性发热，而且可以使家兔的正常体温降低。结论：牛磺酸脑室灌注具有降低家兔ＥＴ性发热和正常体温的作用，其降温效应与给药剂量有关。     

5-氨基酮戊酸光动力黑色素淡化法介导的非手术无创伤性黑色素瘤治疗方法研究

目的:研究紫光ALA(5-氨基酮戊酸)-PDT(光动力疗法)对B16F10黑色素瘤患者体内黑色素的淡化作用,以及结合单独红光或红光ALA-PDT照射对黑色素瘤的生长抑制作用。方法:在裸鼠腹部皮下注射建立B16黑色素瘤模型,6天后进行ALA-PDT治疗;将体内长成黑色素瘤的裸鼠分为5组,并对所有裸鼠右侧腹部注射ALA200mg/kg,30分钟后对第1组进行紫光(波长为420nm,照射剂量为2.8m W/cm~2)加单红光(波长为634nm,照射剂量为87 m W/cm~2)照射、第二组红光(波长为634nm,照射剂量为87 m W/cm~2)照射、第三组紫光(2.8m W/cm~2)照射、第四组紫光(2.8m W/cm~2)照射后,给予ALA,再结合红光照射(87 m W/cm~2)、第五组作为对照组仅给予ALA注射。结果:第1组裸鼠治疗结果与第2组治疗结果无明显差异(P=0.417),但与对照组差异显著(P0.05);第4组裸鼠治疗取得明显效果。结论:紫光ALA-PDT淡化法结合单独红光照射对黑色素瘤治疗的疗效不显著,而紫光ALA-PDT淡化法结合红光ALA-PDT明显抑制了黑色素瘤的生长,其可能成为治疗黑色素瘤的非手术无创伤性新的方法。     

甘氨酸对内毒素诱导单个核细胞产生IL—1和TNF …

研究甘氨酸对内毒素诱导单个核细胞产生ＩＬ－１和ＴＮＦ的影响。方法用促进小鼠胸腺细胞增殖反应法测定ＩＬ－１的含量,用ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定ＴＮＦ含量。结果：ＥＴ组与ＥＴ＋Ｇｌｙ组７个样品浓度的单个细胞培养上清液中ＩＬ－１放免活性值,通过配对资料单因素方差分析差异有非常显著的统计学意义;     

Urotensin Ⅱ increases endothelin production by vascular smooth muscle cells in rats

The aim of this study was to observe the effects of urotensin Ⅱ (UII) on production of endothelin (ET) in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Cultured VSMCs incubated with various concentrations of UII were used to measure the VSMC 3H-TdR incorporation, the amount of ET mRNA and ET production in VSMCs. In this work we found that UII (10-10-10-8 mol/L) promoted VSMC 3H-TdR incorporation (47%-83%, P < 0.01) and increased the amount of ET mRNA by 17.1% (P < 0.05) to 112.8% (P < 0.01), respectively, in a concentration dependent manner compared with control. After 4 and 8 h incubation, 10-10-10-8 mol/L of UII elevated the ET synthesis and release in a concentration dependent manner. After 4 h incubation, the content of ET in medium was 4.9, 5.36 and 7.12 pg/mL (P < 0.01). After 8 h incubation, the ET content released from VSMCs was 12.6, 12.07 and 17.17 pg/mL (P < 0.01). In addition, it was found that BQ123, a specific ETA receptor antagonist, obviously decreased the VSMC DNA synthesis induced by UII. The results of this study showed that UII could stimulate the ET mRNA expression and ET production in VSMC. The effects of UII on VSMC DNA synthesis were partly mediated by ET autocrine pathway. It suggests that the interaction between UII and ET plays an important biological regulating role as endogenous active peptides.     

Urotensin Ⅱ increases endothelin production by vascular smooth muscle cells in rats

The aim of this study was to observe the effects of urotensin Ⅱ (UII) on production of endothelin (ET) in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Cultured VSMCs incubated with various concentrations of UII were used to measure the VSMC ³H-TdR incorporation, the amount of ET mRNA and ET production in VSMCs. In this work we found that UII (10^-10—10^-8 mol/L) promoted VSMC ³H-TdR incorporation (47%—83%, P < 0.01) and increased the amount of ET mRNA by 17.1% (P < 0.05) to 112.8% (P < 0.01), respectively, in a concentration dependent manner compared with control. After 4 and 8 h incubation, 10^-10—10^-8 mol/L of UII elevated the ET synthesis and release in a concentration dependent manner. After 4 h incubation, the content of ET in medium was 4.9, 5.36 and 7.12 pg/mL (P < 0.01). After 8 h incubation, the ET content released from VSMCs was 12.6, 12.07 and 17.17 pg/mL (P < 0.01). In addition, it was found that BQ₁₂₃, a specific ET_A receptor antagonist, obviously decreased the VSMC DNA synthesis induced by UII. The results of this study showed that UII could stimulate the ET mRNA expression and ET production in VSMC. The effects of UII on VSMC DNA synthesis were partly mediated by ET autocrine pathway. It suggests that the interaction between UII and ET plays an important biological regulating role as endogenous active peptides.     

Adrenomedullin inhibits the endothelin production induced by urotensin II in rat vascular smooth muscle cells

The aim of this study was to observe the effects of adrenomedullin (ADM) on endothelin (ET) production induced by urotensin Ⅱ (UⅡ) in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Cultured VSMCs which were incubated with UⅡ (10^-8 mol/L) and with various concentrations of ADM were used to measure the VSMCs ³H-TdR incorpora- tion, the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), the amount of ET mRNA and ET production in VSMCs. In this work we found that incubation with UⅡ(10^-8 mol/L) increased obviously the amount of ET mRNA in VSMCs and ET production in medium, however, coincubation with ADM (10^-10—10^-8 mol/L) and UⅡ(10^-8 mol/L) reduced the amount of ET mRNA by 15%, 24% and 45% (P< 0.01) respectively, compared with UⅡ alone. The content of ET in medium was 14.13, 11.38 and 11.00 pg/mL. ADM alone (10^-8 mol/L) had no effect on ET production in VSMCs. UⅡ (10^-8 mol/L) promoted the 3H-TdR incorpo- ration and activity of ERK in VSMCs. ADM inhibited VSMCs 3H-TdR incorporation and activation of ERK in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with UⅡ group, after coincubation with ADM (10^-10—10^-8 mol/L) and UⅡ (10^-8 mol/L) the VSMCs 3H-TdR incorporation was decreased by 7% (P > 0.05), 32% (P < 0.05) and 41% (P < 0.01), respectively, and the activity of ERK was decreased by 24% (P > 0.05), 32% (P < 0.05) and 36% (P < 0.05), re- spectively, in a concentration-dependent manner. The results show that in cultured VSMCs ADM inhibits ET mRNA expression, ET production and proliferation stimulated by UⅡ, and that inhibitory effect of ADM on UⅡ bioaction could be mediated through inhibiting MAPK pathway.     

博来霉素和内毒素诱导两种品系小鼠肺纤维化模型的比较研究

目的 通过比较博来霉素和内毒素诱导ICR、C57BL/6两个品系小鼠的肺纤维化程度,从而建立合适的小鼠肺纤维化模型。方法 分别将ICR、C57BL/6两个品系小鼠随机分为对照组、博来霉素组、内毒素组。博来霉素组向气管注射博来霉素(5 mg/kg体质量),内毒素组尾静脉注射内毒素(40 EU/kg体质量),对照组气管注射等量生理盐水。两个品系的对照组、博来霉素组、内毒素组分别于造模后第7、14、28天各处死8只,观察小鼠一般情况,测量小鼠肺系数;采用HE染色观察肺组织病理学变化; ELISA法检测肺组织中羟脯氨酸的含量。结果 与对照组相比,两个品系的博来霉素组和内毒素组的肺系数、肺组织羟脯氨酸含量均不同程度增加,有显著性差异(P0. 05)。结论 C57BL/6小鼠对博来霉素和内毒素更敏感。博来霉素、内毒素均能够制备小鼠急性肺损伤肺纤维化模型。     

Effect of leptin on oocyte maturation and subsequent pregnancy rate of cloned embryos reconstructed by somatic cell nuclear transfer in pigs

Cloning pigs by somatic cell nuclear transfer （SCNT） has wide applications in basic research, human medicine and agricultural production. To improve cloning efficiency, the effect of two basic maturation media, NCSU-23 and TCM199, was compared, and TCM199 was selected for the following experiments with leptin. We systematically studied the effects of leptin supplementation on oocytes in vitro maturation （IVM）, in vitro development of parthenogenetically activated （PA） and SCNT embryos and in vivo development of SCNT embryos after embryo transfer （ET）. The results showed that supplementation of 100 or 200 ng/ml leptin into the maturation medium did not greatly affect nuclear maturation of oocytes, or cleavage rates of PA and SCNT （P 〉 0.05）. Blastocyst rates of PA and SCNT embryos were significantly improved when 100 or 200 ng/ml leptin was added to maturation medium, and the number of cells in PA blastocysts was also improved （P 〈 0.05）. The number of cells in blastocyst of SCNT was improved, when 100 ng/ml leptin was added （P 〈 0.05）. Furthermore, supplementation of 100 or 200 ng/ml leptin to the IVM medium may improve pregnancy rate and the delivery rate inpig cloning.     

血液灌流吸附对犬内毒素血症模型的实验观察

目的本实验运用内毒素吸附柱,对比格犬内毒素血症模型进行灌流吸附作用,探讨其在犬体内吸附内毒素的有效性和安全性。方法静脉输注LPS(内毒素)复制犬内毒素血症模型,随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组采用血液灌流机配合内毒素吸附柱进行灌流吸附治疗,对照组采用不含内毒素吸附剂的空柱。分别选取多个时间点,采血测定犬相关的生理生化指标和内毒素含量。结果安全性检测:治疗组犬的体温持续下降,对照组犬的体温先升后降。与对照组比较,治疗组犬体温在灌流吸附90 min、120 min时,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,治疗组犬在心率、血常规、血清总蛋白和血清白蛋白、电解质含量、凝血酶原时间、部分活化凝血酶原时间、血清补体C3浓度及纤维蛋白酶含量等生理指标,均未见显著性差异(P>0.05)。吸附效率检测:测定内毒素过滤柱灌流吸附60 min、90 min1、20 min三个时间段内毒素含量,治疗组犬血清中内毒素降低的程度与对照组相比,具有极显著差异(P<0.01)。结论内毒素吸附柱具有较好的血液相容性,具有吸附血清中内毒素的作用,可降低血清中内毒素水平。     

肝硬化患者血浆中PCT、内毒素及细胞间粘附分子-1的临床研究

目的对肝硬化患者与正常人血浆中PCT、内毒素及细胞间粘附分子．1等指标进行比较，探讨这些指标与肝硬化之间的关系．方法随机选取30位肝硬化患者及30位正常人的血浆进行PCT，ET及sICAM-1水平进行测定．结果与对照组相比，随着病情严重程度，肝硬化患者血浆PCT、内毒素、sICAM-1水平均显著增高＋结论肝硬化患者血浆水平与肝硬化患考的严重程度密切相关，它们在致肝组织病变持续加重过程中均具有重要作用．     

四逆泻心汤对慢性乙酸胃溃疡大鼠血浆内皮素、降钙素基因相关肽的影响

目的探讨四逆泻心汤对慢性乙酸胃溃疡大鼠血浆内皮素(ET)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)的影响。方法采用乙酸致大鼠胃溃疡模型,设空白对照组、模型对照组、四逆泻心汤组、雷尼替丁组,分别给予生理盐水(空白对照组和模型对照组)、四逆泻心汤、雷尼替丁灌胃,2w治疗结束后,取血测ET、CGRP含量。结果四逆泻心汤治疗组、雷尼替丁治疗组血浆ET含量较模型对照组明显降低(P<0.05),而CG RP含量则明显升高。结论四逆泻心汤可能是通过增加CGR P含量,降低ET含量,改善黏膜微循环,增加胃黏膜血流(GM BF),从而促进溃疡的愈合。