Al-Mn合金镀层的制备与性能

利用AlCl3＋LiAlH4＋MnCl2有机溶剂体系在低碳钢基体上进行了电镀Al-Mn合金的实验，并对不同电镀工艺下Al-Mn合金镀层的表面形貌、成分、结构、厚度、结合力和耐蚀性等进行了研究．实验结果表明，沉积出的Al-Mn合金镀层表面光滑并呈网状分布；镀层中的Mn含量（原子分数）在3％～8％间变化，其中Mn以Al-Mn过饱和固溶体形式存在，且按（200）面的结构进行生长．随电镀时间和电流密度的增加，Al-Mn合金镀层的厚度呈线性增大，但膜层与基体的结合力逐渐降低．Al-Mn合金镀层的耐蚀性随沉积电流密度的增加而减小，随电镀时间的延长呈先增大后减小的规律．Al-Mn合金镀层的沉积速率、结合力和耐蚀性均高于相同沉积条件下的纯铝镀层。Al-Mn合金镀层在AlCl3＋LiAlH4＋MnCl2有机溶剂体系中的最佳沉积工艺为电流密度0．15～0．50A／dm^2、电镀时间30～45min．     

ZrO2/W纳米多层膜的氦离子辐照损伤研究

本文主要围绕ZrO2／W纳米多层膜的抗辐照损伤性能进行研究．实验中使用70keV He^＋在8×10^16-6×10^17cm之的剂量范围对磁控溅射生长的ZrO2／W多层膜样品进行辐照．辐照前后使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（xRD）以及透射电子显微镜（TEM）对样品的表面形貌及微观结构随剂量增加的演化过程进行表征．研究表明,ZrO2／W纳米多层膜具有较强的抗辐照损伤及抑制氦泡的特性．实验结果也显示,即使对于相同的纳米多层膜组成成分,由于结晶品质、晶界结构和界面的不同,抗辐照性能有所差异．     

本底真空度对PVD/TiN涂层组织和性能的影响

采用物理气相沉积（PVD） TiN涂层的表面处理技术,对合金结构钢进行表面强化处理.分析了不同本底真空度下TiN涂层的硬度、膜基结合力以及涂层颗粒尺寸等.结果表明,本底真空度在7.8×10-3～ 10.0×10-2 Pa范围内,本底真空度与涂层颗粒尺寸成反比,与硬度和膜基结合力成正比.当其为7.8×10-3 Pa时进行30-40 min沉积的涂层,涂层硬度可达到1 878.63 HVo.1,结合力达到7.86 N.     

^40Ar^16＋入射金属表面的近红外光谱线发射

速度小于Bohr速度（vBhor=2．9×10^6m／s）的高电荷态离子^40Ar^16＋（动能EK=150keV,速度v=8．5×10^5m/s）入射金属（Ni,Mo,Au和Al）表面,同时测量产生的Ar原子近红外光谱线和X射线谱．实验结果表明,低速高电荷态离子在金属表面俘获电子中性化,形成多激发态的Ar空心原子,空心原子退激辐射从近红外光谱线到X射线波段谱线,近红外光谱线辐射强度说明,低速高电荷态离子在金属表面中性化过程中,金属的功函数起着重要作用,进而验证了经典过垒模型．     

n型GaN薄膜输运性质与发光研究

系统研究了掺Si的n型GaN的表面形貌、电学性质和光学性质。GaN薄膜采用金属有机化学气相沉积系统（MOCVD）制备,通过选择不同掺杂流量的siH4,使n型载流子浓度变化范围为3×10^16-5．4×10^18cm^-3。原子力显微镜研究发现随掺杂浓度的增加样品表面形貌变粗糙,表面位错坑密度增加,表明了晶体质量下降。变温霍尔效应获得载流子浓度随温度的变化曲线（n-1/T）,拟合得到不同Si掺杂量下,Si杂质在GaN中的电离激活能在12～22meV之间变化,它是施主波函数的相互作用增强所造成。通过研究迁移率随温度（μ-T）的关系曲线,认为载流子输运过程受不同温度下的散射机制影响。光致发光谱研究了室温下GaN薄膜带边发光和黄带,发现带边发光峰的移动是伯斯坦-莫斯效应和能带重整化效应共同作用的结果,并拟合得到了能带收缩效应系数-1．07×10^-8eV／cm,指出黄带的产生和变化与不同Si掺杂浓度下Ga空位的浓度相关。     

基于陶瓷电极的质子交换膜在低温常压合成氨中的应用

以多孔性Ni—La0.9Ba0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O（3-α）为阳极,多孔性Sm0.2Ce0.8O2为阴极,基于质子离子液体（PIL）的质子交换膜为电解质,组装成单电池。用交流阻抗法测定质子交换膜在氢气气氛中30-110℃的电导率,最高电导率出现在90℃,为1.4×10^3 S cm^1。用该单电池进行常压合成氨,最佳条件下（温度为90℃,电流为1.4 mA）的氨产率为3.5×10^-9mol s^-1cm^-2。     

胶束增溶分光光度法测定粉丝中微量铝含量

本文以铬天青S（CAS）为显色剂、溴化十六烷基吡啶（CPB）表面活性剂为增溶剂,建立了高灵敏测定粉丝中微量铝含量的胶束增溶分光光度法．在HAc—NaAc介质中,铝、CAS和CPB形成蓝色三元配合物,其最大吸收波长为632．5nm,表观摩尔吸光系数达1．05×10^5L·mol^-1·cm^-1．铝浓度在0．2～2．8×10^-4g·L^-1范围内符合比尔定律,检测限为1．2×10^-5g·L^-1．进行加标回收实验,得到了满意的结果．     

等离子喷涂NiCrAl/ZrO2过渡层对FeCrAl/γ-Al2O3结合性能的影响

为改善催化剂中 γ-Al2 O3 分散层与 Fe Cr Al基体的结合力 ,采用等离子喷涂技术在合金表面制备了 Ni Cr Al/Zr O2 混合涂层作为过渡层。利用 X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和电子探针仪 ,研究了 10 73 K氧化后过渡层的变化 ,并考察了超声振动和热冲击后涂层的剥落情况。结果表明 ,过渡层表面相主要是 Ni和 Zr O2 ;内部组织包括喷涂材料层、氧化物夹杂、孔洞及未熔融颗粒 ;与基体为冶金结合。随着高温氧化时间增加 ,过渡层表面 Ni O晶粒增多并长大 ;内部发生了合金元素互扩散 ;界面处 Ni,Al含量明显增加。这种表面预处理形成了粗糙多孔的过渡层 ,提高了氧化铝分散层与金属基体的粘结力 ,并缓解了界面处的热应力     

催化褪色光度法测定痕量Cr（Ⅵ）的研究

在一定温度下,在H2SO4介质中,Cr（Ⅵ）能催化KIO4氧化亚甲基蓝褪色,建立测定痕量Cr（Ⅵ）的新方法。该方法测定Cr（Ⅵ）的最低检出限D=9．77×10^-9g·mL^-1,线性范围为0．014～0．086ugmL^-1,摩尔吸收系数ε=2．8×10^5L·mol^-1·cm^-1相关系数r=0．956,用于环境污水及蔬菜中Cr（Ⅵ）的测定。     

钢样中微量铜的分光光度法测定

在pH 6.5的Na2HPO4-KH2PO4缓冲介质中及阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲胺（Cetyltrimethyl ammonium Bromide,CTMAB）存在下,研究了2,3,7-三羟基-9-（3,4-二羟基）苯基荧光酮（3,4-DHPF）与Cu2＋之间的显色反应,以此建立了分光光度法测定铜的新方法.结果表明：Cu^2＋和3,4-DHPF形成2∶1的红色络合物,其最大吸收波长为558 nm,测定Cu^2＋表观摩尔吸光系数为1.28×10^5L.mol^-1.cm^-1,Cu2＋含量在0-1.2μg/5 mL范围内符合比尔定律.采用拟定分析方法用于钢样中微量铜的测定,结果满意.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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