纤细薯蓣皂苷衍生物及其抗肿瘤活性研究

基于纤细薯蓣皂苷母体结构,通过水解和酯化反应制备了11个纤细薯蓣皂苷衍生物,通过波谱学方法(NMR、MS)确证了其化学结构,其中化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅸ、Ⅺ均为新化合物.采用改良MTT法对衍生物进行了体外抗肿瘤活性试验,结果显示,纤细薯蓣皂苷衍生物对人慢性骨髓性白血病细胞K562、人肝癌细胞HepG-2均表现出一定的抗肿瘤活性,一些化合物表现出优于纤细薯蓣皂苷元的抗肿瘤活性,其中的化合物Ⅸ、Ⅺ表现出明显的抗肿瘤活性趋势,尤其化合物Ⅸ,对2种肿瘤细胞的IC50值分别为3.66 μg/mL和21.47 μg/mL;而且发现糖基部分糖的数量影响化合物抑制肿瘤细胞的活性.     

薯蓣皂苷元菌株的筛选及条件优化

目的从穿龙薯蓣中提取薯蓣皂苷元,进行条件优化并测得转化率.方法微生物转化法从穿龙薯蓣中转化薯蓣皂苷元,利用薄层层析法获得有效转化穿龙薯蓣的菌株C7,然后采用高效液相色谱法测定薯蓣皂苷元含量.结果利用单因素实验对其转化条件进行优化,最终确定最佳转化条件为菌株接种量2%,转化温度25℃,底物浓度5%.经计算得转化率为7.37%.结论该方法稳定可靠,可用于薯蓣皂苷元的大规模生产.     

白英中总皂苷测定及提取工艺的选择

建立一种较为简单的测定白英提取物中甾体总皂苷的方法.通过正交实验对提取工艺条件进行优化,以薯蓣皂苷元作为对照品检测白英中总皂苷.测得白英中总皂苷质量分数为1.607%,平均加样回收率为99.1%,RSD为1.763%(n=6).采用高氯酸显色法测定白英提取物中甾体总皂苷质量分数操作简便,结果可靠.     

微生物发酵转化黄姜生成薯蓣皂苷元的工艺研究

筛选到一株能高效转化薯蓣皂苷生成薯蓣皂苷元的菌株,并进行液体发酵转化,HPLC检测发酵前后薯蓣皂苷及薯蓣皂苷元含量的变化,表明经菌株的转化作用后,黄姜中的薯蓣皂苷生成薯蓣皂苷元.本研究对发酵条件包括培养基成份,底物浓度,装量,接种量,转速进行优化,并找到充分利用黄姜的生态环保的预处理方法,建立了一种高效清洁的薯蓣皂苷元生产工艺.     

苯酚-硫酸法测定花椒叶多糖含量

建立了一种灵敏、特异、精确定量分析花椒叶多糖的苯酚-硫酸法,采用该方法测定了陕西大红袍花椒叶中多糖的含量.该方法选择半乳糖作为标准单糖,484 nm为工作波长.通过单因素实验和正交试验优化得到了较佳显色反应条件是加样次序为苯酚-样品-浓硫酸,显色温度为25℃,质量分数为5％的苯酚添加量为0.3mL,浓硫酸添加量为3.5 mL,显色时间为30 min.系统适应性实验显示该方法的标准曲线方程为y =0.0127x-0.0076(R2=0.997),线性范围为10.00～60.00 μg/mL,LOD和LOQ分别为2.08 μg/mL和6.30 μg/mL,日内、日间精密度分别在0.49％～3.64％,5.17％ ～6.05％之间,平均回收率为101.19％.样品溶液在显色反应后的2h内稳定性较好.测定发现陕西大红袍花椒叶中w(多糖)在8.11～8.89mg/g之间.该方法为花椒叶多糖的定量分析和花椒叶资源的开发利用提供了参考.     

穿山龙中原薯蓣皂苷的提取工艺研究

目标:优选穿山龙中原薯蓣皂苷的提取工艺.方法:采用正交试验法,以提取液中原薯蓣皂苷的含量作为指标,研究了提取溶媒、料液比、提取时间、提取次数四种因素对原薯蓣皂苷的提取影响;考察5种不同型号的大孔树脂对原薯蓣皂苷的吸附性能.结果:溶媒是提取原薯蓣皂苷的主要因素,最佳提取工艺为A3D2B3C2,AB-8型大孔树脂对原薯蓣皂苷的吸附性能最佳.结论:该工艺能较好的富集原薯蓣皂苷,具有一定的工业应用前景.     

高效液相色谱法-蒸发光散射检测器测定盾叶薯蓣中薯蓣皂苷的含量

建立以蒸发光散射检测器(ELSD)测定盾叶薯蓣中薯蓣皂苷含量的高效液相色谱分析方法,考察了不同产地盾叶薯蓣中薯蓣皂苷的含量.色谱柱为HiQsil C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,10μm),流动相为乙腈-水(33∶67),流速为0.8 mL/min,柱温为室温.Alltech蒸发光散射检测器参数:载气为氮气,流速为2.5mL/min,漂移管温度为100℃,压力为0.45 Mpa.结果表明:薯蓣皂苷在0.35~3.48μg范围内有良好线性关系,r=0.9976,平均回收率为103.2%,RSD为1.61%(n=6).该方法快速简便,灵敏度高,结果准确可靠,可用于盾叶薯蓣药材中薯蓣皂苷的分析及质量检测与控制.     

微生物发酵转化黄姜生成薯蓣皂苷元的研究

本实验筛选到一株能高效转化薯蓣皂苷生成薯蓣皂素的菌株,并进行液体发酵转化,HPLC检测发酵前后薯蓣皂苷及薯蓣皂苷元含量的变化,表明经菌株的转化作用后,黄姜中的薯蓣皂苷生成薯蓣皂苷元,对发酵条件包括培养基成份,底物浓度,装量,接种量,转速进行优化,并找到充分利用黄姜的生态环保的预处理方法,发展出一种高效清洁的薯蓣皂苷元生产工艺。     

气相色谱法测定重楼中薯蓣皂苷的水解产物

采用酸水解法提取了重楼的水解产物薯蓣皂苷元,对其进行气相色谱分析,获得了相应的定量数据.气相色谱条件:HP-5MS熔融石英毛细管色谱柱(30.0m×320 μm×0.25 μm);FID检测器;载气流速2.5 mL/min;进样口温度280 ℃;分流比10:1;检测器温度310℃;炉温270℃;进样量1.0 μL.在最佳色谱条件下,薯蓣皂苷元在8.0～4000 μg/mL范围内具有良好的线性关系,R2=0.999 1,测定方法平均回收率为89.0%,RSD为3.7%.GC测定结果和HPLC测定结果相近.     

HPLC法测定采光方式对穿龙薯蓣薯蓣皂苷、原薯预皂苷含量的影响

目的:探讨穿龙薯蓣无支架、树枝支架、木杆支架和网状支架等不同采光结构对药材质量的影响,从而确定适宜栽培方法.方法:HPLC法测药材中著蓣皂苷、原薯蓣皂苷含量.结果:薯蓣皂苷、原薯蓣皂苷总含量分别是3.04%.3.95%、5.33%和4.86%,而野生穿龙薯蓣含量为4.04%.质量提高与光照强度增加有关.结论:网状支架提高穿龙著蓣的质量,为其他藤本类药材栽培提供良好借鉴.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with