深亚微米集成电路中的连线分割和缓冲器插入

为在一定的时间限制下得到最少的缓冲器插入数目和连线分段数目，提出了一种深亚微米电路设计方法。该方法通过将传统的可变尺寸驱动连线模型改为缓冲器连线分段模型，得到了最优的缓冲器插入数目和连线分段数目。实验结果表明，在不同的时间限制下，缓冲器数目和连线分段数目是不同的。     

基于深亚微米工艺长互连线延迟优化的设计方法研究

随着SoC方法学的使用,集成电路越来越复杂,设计规模越来越大,连线延时已经成为影响时序收敛的关健因素之一.本文提出了一种基于物理设计的长线互连优化方法,即优化关键单元的布局,并选取、增、减repeater来优化时序.本方法根据单元间的位置测定单元间距,指导设计中需要插入的repeater位置及数量.长互连延迟的优化效果与所使用的单元、插入单元的间距、选用的线宽等影响因素有密切关系.28nm工艺下,在间距200μm~250μm时插入8倍驱动(×8)规格的反相器(缓冲器)时效果最好.其次,将互连线上的缓冲器换成反相器,互连延迟能降低10%.第三,使用更宽的走线能使长互连线延时再降低20~30ps.     

一种新的RLC互连解析延时模型的建立

提出了用来评估深亚微米VLSI电路中RLC互连延时的一种新的解析延时模型．该模型的驱动器由输出电阻和电容组成，负载为容性负载．先对分布式均匀传输线的转换函数展开式进行二阶近似，然后根据不同的极点情况，计算出时域下的阶跃响应及相应的解析延时．该模型还被应用到具体的RLC互连树中评估源节点到漏节点的延时．实验结果表明，该模型比前人的延时模型精确，延时评估误差减少了10%；而由输出电阻和电容组成的驱动器能够很好地改善RLC互连树的延时分析．     

一种用于深亚微米电路模拟的高精度MOST宏模型

提供了一种新的方法,用于建立深亚微米电路中MOST的伏安特性方程.该方法根据深亚微米MOST的数值模拟结果或实测结果,直接将小尺寸MOST特性方程用函数拟合技术,在M atlab中用程序实现,所建立的伏安特性方程没有非饱和区、饱和区的间断点,是一个不分区间的统一表达式.对所得到的结果进行了计算验证,证明了建模方法和结果的正确性.     

半导体温差发电器件的热力学分析

从稳态的热传导方程出发，对发电器件进行了热力学分析，建立了半导体温差发电器件的基本模型，推导出p型和n型半导体内部的温度分布函数及输出功率和发电效率的表达式，讨论了传统分析中经常忽略的汤姆逊热对发电性能的影响．结果表明，在低温及大温差工况下汤姆逊热对输出功率的影响不能忽略．     

CMOS输出缓冲器瞬态行为的SPICE建模

根据CMOS输出缓冲器的特性，提出了一种新的输出缓冲器瞬态行为的SPICE建模方法。在把输出缓冲器的瞬态行为特性分为中间状态和稳态2种工作状态的基础上，利用IBIS模型数据，构造了SPICE的瞬态行为模型。仿真中采用TYP、MIN和MAX3种输出模型，完整地反映了输出缓冲器的特性。最后，通过比较PSPICE软件与SigXplore软件的模拟结果，验证了该方法的有效性。     

舰载小尺寸隔振器的优化设计

介绍隔振器设计概况及被动隔振系统的隔振与隔冲力学模型,讨论并通过实例阐述了舰载小尺寸隔振系统在优化设计中的目标函数以及约束条件的确立方法和原则,建立了以最大隔冲响应加速度为目标函数以隔振要求为约束条件的求解优化数学模型．     

复杂可编程逻辑器件设计中延时影响的仿真分析

为分析复杂可编程逻辑器件延时性能对数字系统设计中延时的影响规律，针对数字逻辑延时单元核的数学模型，采用硬件描述语言和图形方式实现了基本数字逻辑延时单元核，通过数字核复用建立了多延时单元部件，并运用电子设计自动化软件，通过选择不同的复杂可编程器件对延时单元进行了仿真分析、结果表明，数字逻辑设计中的延时与复杂可编程器件的延时性能、综合布局布线选择的逻辑块以及互连资源有关．所得到的结果为复杂数字逻辑系统的延时设计与分析提供了理论与实验依据．     

时滞依赖的变延时细胞神经网络的指数稳定性

细胞神经网络(CNNS)由于有许多重要的应用价值，所以它的稳定性分析一直是神经网络领域里的一个重要课题．近年来，神经动力系统的定性分析吸引了众多学的关注．在神经网络的电子器件实现中，出现了许多问题，诸如：转换延时，积分器，连接延时等．在这种情况下，在系统模型中一定要引进一个延时参数．要制造高质量的微电子神经网络，研究带有延时的神经动力行为是特别重要的．献[1～11]研究了时滞神经网络的全局稳定性；献[5，9，12，13]给出了有关延时细胞神经网络(DCNNs)全局稳定的充分条件，但是在这些章中，细胞的输出函数要求是一个分段线性函数并且延时是一个常量；献[10，13]虽然不再要求细胞的输出函数为分段线性函数，但是仍要求它的延时项是一个常数．在Lyapunov稳定性理论及矩阵不等式的基础上，给出了一个保证变延时细胞神经网络平衡点存在唯一并且全局指数稳定的充分条件．这个条件对参数变延时做了一个限制．给出了一个具体的数值例子及其仿其结果来说明我们结果的可行性．     

双气腔油气式缓冲器缓冲性能优化分析

通过对双气腔油气式缓冲器结构参数的合理设计,可以大大提高缓冲器的缓冲性能.针对某型双气腔油气式缓冲器起落架,首先建立其数学模型,利用动力学仿真软件ADAMS中的Aircraft分析模块对缓冲器性能进行仿真分析,得到一系列试验样本点;基于非线性响应面法,利用所抽取样本点,建立了设计变量和优化目标间的数学关系;以缓冲器缓冲效率为优化目标,支柱最大垂直载荷和最大行程为约束条件,对设计变量进行优化;对优化后结构参数进行模拟仿真分析,结果表明优化后结果与仿真结果偏离误差在1.2%以内,拟合函数可信度较高;优化后缓冲器效率较优化前增大4.6%,优化方法切实有效.在对缓冲器仿真分析的基础上,为起落架缓冲器的设计和改进提供一种优化方法,有一定的实用价值.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-