红景天苷上调大鼠心肌梗死后心肌组织VEGF的表达

目的:探讨红景天苷对大鼠心肌梗死后心肌组织血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达调控作用及其可能机制。方法:建立大鼠心梗模型后,随机分为模型组、红景天苷3个不同剂量组,每组8只大鼠,另设假手术组8只。术后48 h,红景天苷组分别给予低、中、高,即10,20,40 mg·(kg·d)-1灌胃;模型组和假手术组给予生理盐水20 ml·(kg·d)-1灌胃。4周后处死大鼠,取大鼠心肌组织,反转录PCR(RT-PCR)法测定VEGF mRNA的表达。应用免疫组化和免疫印迹法分析左心室心肌组织VEGF蛋白的表达情况。结果:RT-PCR结果表明,和模型组相比,红景天苷各剂量组VEGF mRNA的表达均明显升高(P<0.01)。免疫组化和免疫印迹分析结果表明,和模型组相比,红景天苷各剂量组心肌组织胞浆中VEGF蛋白的表达均显著升高(P<0.01)。结论:红景天苷通过上调VEGF的表达而促大鼠心肌梗死后心肌组织的血管新生。     

萝卜硫素减轻子宫内膜异位症大鼠模型的慢性机械性疼痛

目的 基于HMGB1/TLR4/MyD88信号通路探讨萝卜硫素对子宫内膜异位症(EMs)大鼠慢性机械性疼痛的减轻作用。方法 通过大鼠自体子宫内膜组织移植构建EMs模型。将大鼠分为假手术组(Sham组)、EMs组、萝卜硫素低剂量组(5 mg/kg)、萝卜硫素高剂量组(15 mg/kg)、HMGB1抑制剂组(EP组)和TLR4抑制剂组(TAK-242组)。通过电子测痛仪检测大鼠痛阈情况;通过ELISA法检测大鼠血清中HMGB1、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10水平;Western blot检测异位子宫内膜组织HMGB1、TLR4、MyD88和TRPV1蛋白水平。结果 与Sham组相比,EMs组大鼠机械痛阈值(PWT)降低(P<0.05);血清中HMGB1、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10水平升高(P<0.05);异位子宫内膜组织中HMGB1、TLR4、MyD88和TRPV1蛋白表达升高(P<0.05)。与EMs组相比,低、高剂量萝卜硫素及HMGB1抑制剂和TLR4抑制剂均能够升高大鼠PWT,降低血清中HMGB1、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10水平;减少异位子宫内膜组织中...     

银杏叶提取物对实验性肝纤维化大鼠COX-2、TNF-α等表达的影响

研究银杏叶提取物(EGb)对CCl_4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化肝组织COX-2、TNF-α及TLR4mRNA表达的影响。采用皮下注射40%CCl_4植物油溶液制备大鼠肝纤维化模型。造模第4周后,开始给药。以高低两个剂量的EGb进行干预,同时设计正常组、秋水仙碱组。每天给药1次,给药期间大鼠仍皮下注射40%CCl_4植物油溶液。给药6周后处死大鼠,通过RT-PCR技术观察大鼠肝组织中COX-2、TNF-α及TLR4 mRNA的表达。RT-PCR结果显示,与正常组相比,模型组大鼠肝组织的COX-2、TNF-α及TLR4mRNA表达明显增加(P0.01);银杏叶提取物(EGb)干预组(100,50 mg/kg)较模型组大鼠肝组织的COX-2、TNF-α及TLR4 mRNA表达明显下降(P0.05)。结论银杏叶提取物(EGb)能够抑制大鼠肝纤维化肝组织COX-2、TNF-α及TLR4的表达。     

黄芪、丹参配伍提取物对高脂血症大鼠PPARα/P38MAPK/NF-κB表达的影响

观察黄芪、丹参配伍提取物对高脂血症大鼠PPARα/P38MAPK/NF-κB表达的影响,用Wistar雄性大鼠60只,随机分为空白组10只,余下造模成功后等分为模型组,黄芪、丹参配伍提取物高、中、低剂量组,阳性药对照组并灌胃给与相应药物。40 d后取肝脏和腹主动脉血检测PPARα/P38MAPK/NF-κB基因与蛋白的表达。结果表明:1黄芪、丹参配伍提取物高、中剂量组能明显降低TC、TG和LDL水平,提高HDL水平;2黄芪、丹参配伍提取物高、中剂量组CRP水平明显低于模型组,差异显著(P0.01或P0.05);3黄芪、丹参配伍提取物高、中剂量组大鼠肝组织中PPARα/P38MAPK/NF-κB基因和蛋白表达显著高于阳性药对照组,差异显著(P0.05)。说明黄芪、丹参配伍提取物对高脂血症大鼠具有明显的降血脂作用,并且能影响高脂血症大鼠肝脏PPARα/P38MAPK/NF-κB基因和蛋白表达。     

山香圆总黄酮对慢性咽炎模型大鼠 NF-κB、IκBα表达的影响

以2.5%氨水喷咽部建立大鼠慢性咽炎模型,用HE染色法观察咽部病理形态学改变,用ELISA法检测血清炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6,用RT-qPCR测定咽部组织NF-κBp65mRNA的表达,用Western blot检测咽部组织NF-κBp65和IκBα蛋白的表达,探讨山香圆总黄酮对慢性咽炎模型大鼠 NF-κB、IκBα表达的影响.结果显示:山香圆总黄酮能明显改善模型大鼠咽部病理形态学; 与模型组比较,山香圆总黄酮各组能不同程度地下调TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和NF-κBp65的表达并上调IκBα的表达,其中高剂量组最显著.这表明山香圆总黄酮能通过抑制NF-κB的表达和IκBα的解离下调炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6的表达,从而减轻炎症,发挥抗慢性咽炎作用.     

南极磷虾油对小鼠肠黏膜屏障的保护作用及机制

为探究南极磷虾油对脂多糖所致肠黏膜屏障损伤的预防作用及其机制,选取32只雄性小鼠随机分为4组:正常对照组、模型组(脂多糖组)、南极磷虾油干预组和鱼油干预组。前两组灌胃橄榄油,后两组分别灌胃400mg/kg(以体重计)以橄榄油为溶剂稀释的南极磷虾油或鱼油,每日1次。连续干预4周后,正常组小鼠经腹腔注射生理盐水,其余3组注射10mg/kg(以体重计)脂多糖,6h后处死小鼠。苏木精-伊红染色后,观察小鼠小肠组织病理学变化；测定小鼠血清和小肠中二胺氧化酶活性,蛋白免疫印迹法分析紧密连接蛋白和诱导型一氧化氮合酶蛋白表达；检测髓过氧化物酶和一氧化氮含量,实时荧光定量PCR法检测促炎细胞因子mRNA表达；蛋白免疫印迹法分析TLR4/NF-κB信号通路相关蛋白表达水平。实验结果显示,南极磷虾油预防性干预能显著抑制脂多糖所致小鼠小肠绒毛长度与隐窝深度比值的降低；下调血清二胺氧化酶水平,提高小肠二胺氧化酶活性,增加肠道紧密连接蛋白Claudin-1、Occludin和ZO-1蛋白表达水平；抑制髓过氧化物酶活性、诱导性一氧化氮合酶蛋白表达和一氧化氮含量升高,降低TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的mRNA表达以及TLR4/NF-κB信号通路相关蛋白表达水平。研究结果表明,南极磷虾油可通过抑制TLR4/NF-κB信号通路预防脂多糖所致肠黏膜屏障损伤,且其效果优于传统鱼油。     

白芍总苷对葡聚糖硫酸钠致大鼠实验性结肠炎作用机制研究

目的探讨白芍总苷(tatol glucosides of paeony,TGP)对葡聚糖硫酸钠(dextran sulfate sodium,DSS)致大鼠实验性结肠炎的治疗作用及机制。方法由DSS诱导大鼠实验性结肠炎模型,给予白芍总苷治疗,观察大鼠一般状况、疾病活动度指数(Disease activity index,DAI)和组织学评分,ELISA法检测大鼠结肠组织TNF-α、IL-4和PGE2水平,免疫组化法检测NF-κBp65的表达水平。结果白芍总苷能明显改善结肠炎大鼠一般状况,减低DAI评分和组织学评分。与模型组相比,TNF-α、PGE2和NF-κBp65水平均显著降低(P<0.05),IL-4水平虽有上升趋势,但差异无显著性。结论白芍总苷可能通过抑制NF-κBp65活化,减少TNF-α和PGE2等炎症因子表达来有效缓解结肠炎大鼠结肠炎症状态。     

羟乙基淀粉对内毒素感染大鼠中性粒细胞功能的影响及分子机制

检测羟乙基淀粉(HES 200／0．5)对内毒素腹腔感染大鼠中性粒细胞(PMN)功能的影响及其分子机理．雄性Wistar大鼠注射内毒素(LPS，6mg／kg，ip)以造成感染模型．LPS注射后1min，4种不同剂量的HES：3．75，7．5，15，和30mL／kg，分别由右侧颈静脉持续输注．LPS注射后2h及4h分别检测：循环血PMN核转录因子kappaB(NF-κB)水平，PMN表面CD11b表达，和多种组织中PMN浸润情况．HES(3．75和7．5mL／kg)，能降低LPS引起的NF-κB激活和肺、肝、心诸脏器PMN浸润增高．4种不同浓度的HES剂量依赖性地减少CD11b表达．HES对感染时PMN的激活和浸润有抑制作用，这种作用的产生与它对NF-κB的抑制有关．     

二苯乙烯苷通过抑制NF-κB信号通路减轻TNF-α诱导的人脑微血管内皮细胞损伤

目的探讨二苯乙烯苷(TSG)如何保护TNF-α诱导的人脑微血管内皮细胞(HBMECs)损伤。方法体外培养HBMECs,然后用TNF-α分别诱导经TSG以及NF-κB抑制剂吡咯烷二硫氨基甲酸盐(PDTC)处理过的细胞,并检测细胞活力以及NF-κB p65和caspase-3的蛋白水平。结果 TNF-α能诱导HBMECs中NF-κB p65、caspase-3蛋白表达,而TSG则能抑制NF-κB p65、caspase-3的表达。相对于TNF-α单独处理组,用TSG或PDTC处理经TNF-α诱导的HBMECs细胞,能显著提高细胞活力,其机制是通过抑制NF-κB p65、caspase-3的蛋白表达从而起到保护作用。结论 TSG能够通过抑制NF-κB信号通路减轻TNF-α诱导的人脑微血管内皮细胞损伤。     

核转录因子κB与肿瘤坏死因子-α对子宫内膜异位的影响

目的:检测核转录因子(NF-κB)在子宫内膜异位症(EM)患者异位内膜及在位内膜组织中的表达,以及其血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的变化,探讨NF-κB与TNF-α在EM发病机制中的作用。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定TNF-α的表达,免疫组化SP法检测NF-κB的表达情况。结果:子宫内膜异位症(EM)组血清TNF-α含量显著高于对照组(P<0.01),且表达量随病情加重有上升趋势(P<0.05)。EM患者中异位内膜组NF-κB表达强度显著高于在位组及对照组(P<0.01)。结论:NF-κB与TNF-α在EM患者异位内膜中的异常高表达与EM的发病有密切关系。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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