恒河猴植入位点差异基因筛选及蛋白激酶H11的克隆

采用cap-finder全长cDNA扩增技术和抑制消减杂交(SSH)相结合的方法研究了恒河猴胚胎植入初始时期子宫内膜植入位点与非植入位点的基因表达差异情况.在准确获取妊娠9.5 d恒河猴植入位点和非植入位点子宫内膜后,用SSH建立了植入位点消减cDNA文库,从中随机挑选了1440个克隆,通过点杂交获得了179个在植入位点高表达的克隆,经测序和与基因库(Gen-Bank/EMBL)比对分析,证实其中102个克隆对应于人或恒河猴的52个同源基因,75个克隆对应于人的58个EST,另外2个克隆没有找到对应的同源基因,推测为新的基因.对其中最高频率出现的差异表达基因-蛋白激酶H11,通过cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)法克隆得到了它的全长cDNA序列.与人的蛋白激酶H11相比,cDNA序列同源性达到94%,所编码的蛋白质序列同源性为83%     

眼斑芫菁在斑蝥素合成期的抑制性消减杂交文库构建及分析

斑蝥素是芫菁科昆虫合成的一种倍半萜类物质,对于治疗肿瘤和其他疾病有特别的疗效.通过构建抑制性消减杂交文库(SSH),筛选眼斑芫菁在斑蝥素合成期的差异表达基因.用斑点杂交对消减文库中的1 500个克隆进行筛查,130条特异表达序列标签(ESTs)进行分析.34条(26%) ESTs与NCBI中标注的假设基因有很高的同源性; 45条(35%) ESTs与NR数据库中的序列没有同源性,可能代表新的基因; 51条(39%) ESTs与已知基因的序列同源性很高,这些基因参与了生物调控、应激反应和解毒、信号转导、代谢与合成.最后通过实时定量逆转录PCR对文库中的9个上调表达基因进行验证.对眼斑芫菁在斑蝥素合成期的表达进行研究,为最终阐明斑蝥素的生物合成提供帮助.     

佛手GRAS基因的克隆及表达分析

利用抑制消减杂交法从芸香科柑橘属不耐寒植物佛手中分离得到了一个表达序列标签(EST)片段,结合RACE技术克隆获得该基因的1 669 bp序列,编码区长1 236 bp,编码413个氨基酸.通过Blastn同源序列比对分析,结果显示该基因与拟南芥已知的GRAS基因同源性较高;与GenBank数据库比对分析,表明该基因具有GRAS特有的保守结构域.因此,命名该基因为:CmsGRAS(GenBank登录号:JF440647).用荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qPCR)的方法研究了该基因在低温胁迫处理下的表达特性,结果显示该基因在低温胁迫后的表达量有明显的变化.     

穿山龙薯蓣皂甙次生代谢合成相关新基因的克隆和分析

穿山龙植物根进行的特定发育过程在药用次生代谢物——薯蓣皂甙生物合成和累积中发挥重要作用.为从穿山龙根中分离出薯蓣皂甙生物合成相关基因,利用抑制性消减杂交(SSH) 和SMART技术,构建了3年生和1年生穿山龙（Dioscorea nipponica）根组织mRNA群体间正向差减cDNA文库.从该文库中随机挑选了34个cDNA克隆进行酶切、测序和序列同源性比较分析.结果表明：其中25个cDNA克隆代表了新的EST序列,对其中6个克隆在3年生根组织的表达进行了半定量PCR和定量PCR分析,分别命名为DNR     

与ATP6相互作用的蛋白质的筛选和Bn HDL基因的cDNA克隆

以与甘蓝型油菜波里马细胞质雄性不育有关的atp6基因作为诱饵蛋白,通过酵母双杂交技术,筛选甘蓝型油菜的cDNA文库,寻找与其相互作用的蛋白质.根据筛选所获得的其中一个阳性克隆的序列,利用RACE技术和TAIL PCR技术,获得该基因的全长cDNA序列.将氨基酸序列在NCBI上进行Blast比对分析,具有水解酶家族17的保守结构域,与拟南芥的beta-1,3-glucanase 5具有84%的同源性,可能为水解酶家族的一个成员,暂定该蛋白质为Bn HDL.     

硬叶兜兰花芽SSH文库的构建

以硬叶兜兰花芽cDNA为Tester,营养芽cDNA为Driver,利用SMART策略构建了硬叶兜兰花芽的抑制性消减杂交(SSH)文库.通过PCR对文库中插入的片段进行检测后,筛选了288个插入片段为500bp以上的克隆进行测序.测序结果去除载体序列后聚类得到18条差异表达片段,用BLAST进行比对分析表明,这些差异表达基因所编码的蛋白与光合作用、合成代谢、基因调控等功能有关,其中包括多个转座子和反转录转座子的同源基因.     

一个与油菜黄化相关的未知功能基因克隆及表达

以构建的油菜幼叶黄化突变体Cr3529消减文库中一个未知功能的差异表达基因片段为基础,应用RACE-PCR技术,扩增并克隆到两个cDNA全序列,分别命名为BnCr4和Bn-Cr4-1.测序结果显示,BnCr4编码区序列大小为1395 bp,编码465个氨基酸,而BnCr4-1编码区序列长1311 bp,编码437个氨基酸.BLAST结果表明它们与拟南芥中的一个未知功能基因的cDNA同源性分别为87%和80%.功能预测显示它们含有与蛋白质的修饰作用有关的多个活性位点,如磷酸化、糖基化、酰胺化以及磷酸泛酰巯基乙胺结合位点,可能是一种新的与cAMP介导的蛋白质磷酸化与去磷酸化作用有关的蛋白.Northen杂交结果显示该基因在Cr3529子叶期和幼叶期的表达高于野生型油菜,显示该基因的表达与突变性状紧密相关.最后,原核表达了BnCr4,得到了与预计分子量相同的融合蛋白.     

杜洛克与梅山猪大卵泡消减文库的构建

为了鉴定杜洛克猪相对于梅山猪在大卵泡中高表达的基因,本研究应用抑制性消减杂交技术成功构建了以梅山大卵泡c DNA为driver,杜洛克大卵泡c DNA为tester的消减c DNA文库。结果显示:以G3PDH和β-actin为指标检测文库的消减效率为25,从该文库中获取了350个有效的阳性克隆,PCR检测插入片段主要分布在150-750 bp。克隆测序得到74个有效的EST序列,GO分析表明主要与细胞信号、细胞结构、代谢、细胞分化、基因/蛋白质合成、细胞组织防护等功能相关。利用q PCR技术验证了ELTD1、Grb14、SNRPE、CSDE1、ALDH18A1、e IF4E、BMPR-IB等基因在梅山和杜洛克大卵泡中的表达模式。结果发现在两猪种的大卵泡间存在显著性差异。本研究有助于揭示影响猪卵泡发育和生殖数量控制的分子基础。     

七鳃鳗棕榈酰蛋白硫酯酶1的基因克隆、系统进化及组织特异性表达分析

棕榈酰蛋白硫酯酶1(palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1,PPT1)能够催化棕榈酰蛋白的去棕榈酰化修饰,通过调节蛋白的棕榈酰化修饰参与多种细胞生物学进程.从日本七鳃鳗(Lampetra japonica)白细胞cDNA文库的表达序列标签(Expressed Sequence Tag,EST)中获取PPT1基因片段,经RT-PCR扩增获得七鳃鳗PPT1蛋白的全序列cDNA.基因全长为972bp,编码323个氨基酸组成的蛋白质,理论分子量为36.6kDa,等电点为5.91,并含有1个信号肽.通过同源序列比对分析结果显示,日本七鳃鳗PPT1与其他物种PPT具有很高的同源性.利用实时荧光定量PCR法检测到PPT1基因在七鳃鳗的各组织中广泛表达,其中在白细胞、心脏、肠、鳃中表达量较高,在肝脏中表达量最低.本研究为探讨七鳃鳗PPT1功能研究奠定了理论基础.     

Expressed sequence tags analysis revealing the taxonomic position and fatty acid biosynthesis in an oleaginous green microalga, Myrmecia incisa Reisigl (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta)

cDNA library of Myrmecia incisa H4301 was constructed using λ phage vectors.The library consisted of 1.5×10 6 clones with a recombination rate of 90%,and 1942 clones were randomly sequenced.All 1854 readable expressed sequence tags(ESTs) were clustered into 596 non-redundant sequences(NRSs),among which 126 NRSs were from 1384 ESTs,showing a high redundancy.Among the 596 NRSs,30 were ribosomal RNA,and 152 significantly matched with those available in NCBI database and JGI Genome Portal,the latter were divided into nine subcategories.Overall,59 NRSs were involved in photosynthesis,the respiratory electron transport chain,ATP synthesis,oxidation reduction,fatty acid biosynthesis,glucose metabolism,protein metabolism,and small molecular metabolism,suggesting that these genes were abundantly transcribed during energy and substance metabolism.Acyl-carrier protein,ferrodoxin and fatty acid elongase genes obtained from this cDNA library enabled presumption of a possible biosynthesis pathway of ArA in M.incisa.Codon usage analysis of 142 NRSs with 17798 codons in the predicted coding regions showed that the average G+C content level of the total codons was 55.39%,and that of the third position in base trimers was 66.42%,indicating a strong bias toward cytosine and/or guanosine in this algal genome.Among all synonymous codons,NAG was most favored,while NUA was most avoided.Phylogenic trees inferred from ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small subunit genes and the extra partial sequences of 18S rRNA obtained from this library demonstrated that M.incisa belonged to Trebouxiophyceae and was significantly clustered with M.incisa SAG 2007,Lobosphaera tirolensis,M.bisecta,and Parietochloris incisa,but was clearly distant from P.pseudoalveolaris and P.alveolar.Transmission electron microscopy revealed pyrenoids traversed by many parallel thylakoids membranes,while starch grains were only clearly observed when cells were grown under nitrogen stress.Based on combined investigation of the phylogeny and morphological characteristics,it is proposed that M.incisa be kept in the genus Myrmecia in which there might be two parallel groups,one living freely and another symbiotic species.     

Cloning and identification of a novel human glioma differentiation related gene GDR1

In order to identify the genes associated with glioblastoma differentiation, some ESTs, expressed differentially in the control cell and the differentiated human glioblastoma cell line BT-325 induced by the all-trans retinoid acid, have been isolated by the method of DDRT-PCR. Of the 46 ESTs sequenced, 19 are from new genes. A full-length 1 535-bp cDNA, termed gene GDR1, has been isolated from the human cDNA library using the probe designed according to one of the novel ESTs, HGBB098. The open reading frame of GDR1 gene encodes a putative protein containing 334 amino acid residues. Blast against the current GenBank DNA and protein sequence database did not reveal significant homology with any known proteins. RT-PCR shows that GDR1 mRNA level increased in the differentiated BT-325 cells after being treated with RA. The different expression patterns of GDR1 mRNA in human tissues have been detected through the multiple tissue Northern blot hybridization.     

青岛文昌鱼profilin样蛋白基因的克隆与同源性分析

对青岛文昌鱼神经胚cDNA进行序测，获得了6个profilin样蛋白基因的EST，经拼接得到编码文昌鱼profilin样蛋白基因的cDNA序列并据此演绎了文昌鱼profilin样蛋白的氨基酸序列。对演绎的文昌鱼profilin样蛋白的一级结构进行了分析，对其二级结构进行了预测，并将其与多种真核生物中的profilin进行同源性比较，为profilin分子进化的研究提供资料。     

青岛文昌鱼DAD1样蛋白基因的克隆和同源性分析

dud1基因为一种内源性细胞凋亡抑制子基因，在发育中可能执行着重要功能．我们通过对青岛文昌鱼18小时神经胚cDNA文库进行测序，获得文昌鱼dud1样基因的2个cDNA片断，经拼接首次得到含有完整读框的文昌鱼dud1样基因的cDNA序列，其演绎的氨基酸序列与人、鼠、鸡、非洲爪蟾、果蝇、线虫、扁豆、番茄的DAD1蛋白的同源性分别为73．5％、73．5％、67．5％、70．9％、67．5％、55．5％、41．9％、41．8％．结果证实青岛文昌鱼dud1样基因在进化上具有高度的保守性，并且在进化上更接近于脊椎动物．     

扩展莫尼茨绦虫反应元件结合蛋白基因的克隆和cDNA序列分析

克隆扩展莫尼茨绦虫（Moniezia expansa）新基因,通过生物信息学方法分析该基因的生物学信息,初步预测该基因的功能,为进一步研究扩展莫尼茨绦虫并以其作为模式生物,为人类的某些基因未知功能的研究提供基础。构建扩展莫尼茨绦虫成虫cDNA文库,随机挑取重组阳性克降进行测序,对部分序列进行引物步移法测序,获取其全长cDNA序列;在NCBI上对该cDNA序列进行开放阅读框（ORF）的寻找、编码氨基酸的推导、核苷酸和氨基酸同源性比较以及蛋白质二级结构的初步预测。结果：获得了1个扩展莫尼茨绦虫基因－应结合蛋白,全长1861bp,编码592个氨基酸,属于DUF906家族,与曼氏血吸虫反应结合蛋白基因具有72．1％的同源性。编码蛋白的理论分子量为69．7653kDa,等电点为9．83.结论：获得了扩展莫尼茨绦虫反应结合蛋白的全长cDNA序列,对该基因功能的初步预测,它是一种基因转录因子,在扩展莫尼茨绦虫虫体中的具体作用机制目前还不清楚,推断该基因的功能在脊椎动物,乃至人类的基因功能研究中具有一定借鉴意义.     

Cloning and identification of a novel human glioma differentiation related geneGDR1

In order to identify the genes associated with glioblastoma differentiation, some ESTs, expressed differentially in the control cell and the differentiated human glioblastoma cell line BT-325 induced by the all-trans retinoid acid, have been isolated by the method of DDRT-PCR. Of the 46 ESTs sequenced, 19 are from new genes. A full-length 1 535-bp cDNA, termed geneGDR1, has been isolated from the human cDNA library using the probe designed according to one of the novel ESTs, HGBB098. The open reading frame ofGDR1 gene encodes a putative protein containing 334 amino acid residues. Blast against the current GenBank DNA and protein sequence database did not reveal significant homology with any known proteins. RT-PCR shows thatGDR1 mRNA level increased in the differentiated BT-325 cells after being treated with RA. The different expression patterns ofGDR1 mRNA in human tissues have been detected through the multiple tissue Northern blot hybridization.     

Discovery of immune related factors in Fenneropenaeus chinensis by annotation of ESTs

A total of 10446 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are obtained by a large-scale sequencing of a cDNA library from cephalothorax of adult Fenneropenaeus chinensis.An EST analysis platform was built up based on local computers and bioinformatic techniques were used to annotate these ESTs in order to promptly find possible functional genes, especially for immune related factors.About 4% of the ESTs show similarity to the coding sequences of such factors, including lectin, serine protease, serpin, lysozyme, etc.These ESTs provide a partial profile of the immune system in F.chinensis and useful information for further study on these genes.