Cloning and identification of a novel human glioma differentiation related geneGDR1

In order to identify the genes associated with glioblastoma differentiation, some ESTs, expressed differentially in the control cell and the differentiated human glioblastoma cell line BT-325 induced by the all-trans retinoid acid, have been isolated by the method of DDRT-PCR. Of the 46 ESTs sequenced, 19 are from new genes. A full-length 1 535-bp cDNA, termed geneGDR1, has been isolated from the human cDNA library using the probe designed according to one of the novel ESTs, HGBB098. The open reading frame ofGDR1 gene encodes a putative protein containing 334 amino acid residues. Blast against the current GenBank DNA and protein sequence database did not reveal significant homology with any known proteins. RT-PCR shows thatGDR1 mRNA level increased in the differentiated BT-325 cells after being treated with RA. The different expression patterns ofGDR1 mRNA in human tissues have been detected through the multiple tissue Northern blot hybridization.     

人基质细胞中新基因的获得及目的基因的克隆

取连续培养的骨髓基质细胞并提取其mRNA,合成cDNA后,收集＞400bp的片段,连接到真核表达载体pcDNA3.0上,构建人胎儿骨髓基质细胞真核cDNA质粒文库,并以PCR的方法从文库中扩增出编码人IL－6、SCF的基因序列,随机对文库克隆进行测序,得到了3个新基因EST,其中2个在GenBank的登录号分别为AF244998及AF244999。     

Nucleotide sequence of cloned cDNA of human c-myc oncogene

Like other transforming genes of retroviruses, the v-myc gene of the avian virus, MC29, has a homologue in the genome of normal eukaryotic cells. The human cellular homologue, c-myc, located on human chromosome 8, region q24 leads to qter (refs 1, 2), is translocated into the immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus on human chromosome 14 (ref. 3) in Burkitt's lymphoma, suggesting that c-myc has a primary role in transformation of some human haematopoietic cells. In addition, c-myc is amplified in the human promyelocytic leukaemia cell line, HL60 (refs 6, 7) which also contains high levels of c-myc mRNA. Recently, Colby et al. reported the nucleotide sequence of the human c-myc DNA isolated from a genomic recombinant DNA library derived from human fetal liver. This 4,053-base pair (bp) sequence includes two exons and one intron of the myc gene, and the authors have suggested the existence of a human c-myc mRNA of 2,291 nucleotides that has a coding capacity for a protein of molecular weight (Mr) 48,812. We have approached the problem of accurately defining the characteristics of the human c-myc mRNA and c-myc protein by determining the sequence of the c-myc cDNA isolated from a cDNA library prepared from mRNA of a clone of the K562 human leukaemic cell line. K562 cells are known to contain c-myc mRNA which is similar in size to the c-myc mRNA of other human cell types. We report here the sequence of 2,121 nucleotides of a human c-myc mRNA and demonstrate that its 5' noncoding sequence does not correspond to the sequence of the reported genomic human sequence. However, our data confirm that the intact human c-myc mRNA can encode a 48,812-Mr protein with a sequence identical to that reported by Colby et al.     

Novel precursor of Alzheimer's disease amyloid protein shows protease inhibitory activity

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by cerebral deposits of amyloid beta-protein (AP) as senile plaque core and vascular amyloid, and a complementary DNA encoding a precursor of this protein (APP) has been cloned from human brain. From a cDNA library of a human glioblastoma cell line, we have isolated a cDNA identical to that previously reported, together with a new cDNA which contains a 225-nucleotide insert. The sequence of the 56 amino acids at the N-terminal of the protein deduced from this insert is highly homologous to the basic trypsin inhibitor family, and the lysate from COS-1 cells transfected with the longer APP cDNA showed an increased inhibition of trypsin activity. Partial sequencing of the genomic DNA encoding APP showed that the 225 nucleotides are located in two exons. At least three messenger RNA species, apparently transcribed from a single APP gene by alternative splicing, were found in human brain. We suggest that protease inhibition by the longer APP(s) could be related to aberrant APP catabolism.     

西藏胡黄连根状茎差异表达基因的筛选及分析

 西藏胡黄连是著名的濒危西藏药材, 其粗壮的根茎部是重要的合成和储存药用萜类物质器官,萜类含量显著高于叶部。为克隆西藏胡黄连根状茎和叶的差异表达基因,利用抑制消减杂交技术,构建了根状茎特定的抑制消减文库。从该SSH文库中随机挑取片段不一的阳性克隆测序,采用Blastx进行同源比对,获得了27个表达序列标签（EST）,并获登录号。序列统计分析结果表明,其中有11个EST在GenBank中无同源性序列,推测可能是新基因片断。蛋白质功能分类结果表明,这些蛋白质与翻译、能量代谢、转运与结合、细胞膜合成、氨基酸生物合成及中间代谢6大类蛋白功能有关。为深入研究与萜类生物合成直接或间接相关基因,选择了长595 bp的差异表达EST序列EX172715进行了同源比对和蛋白系统进化分析。结果表明,EX172715具有细胞色素P450单加氧酶的特征结构,与拟南芥的细胞色素P450单加氧酶蛋白的同源性高于水稻和小麦。提供了一组与西藏胡黄连次生代谢相关的新基因库。     

从EST出发克隆人基因组Xq13区段一个候选基因的初步研究

人类基因组表达序列筛选是寻找候选基因的重要路线之一，外显子陷阱法，ｃＤＮＡ直接筛筛选法，它们可分别根据表达序列的结构及表达特点进行筛选，ＥＳＴ是表达图的位标，它们是一些位点专一的表达序列位标，根据ＥＳＴ的特征，在国内首次建立了一种从ＥＳＴ出发的筛选候选基因的新方法，用睦方法已在人Ｘ染色体Ｘｑ１３区段筛选得到了一个新的ｃＤＮＡ，总测序徇的１３９８ｂｐ包含了完整的３末端。     

Catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange on Ran by the mitotic regulator RCC1

The product of the gene RCC1 (regulator of chromosome condensation) in a BHK cell line is involved in the control of mitotic events. Homologous genes have been found in Xenopus, Drosophila and yeast. A human genomic DNA fragment and complementary DNA that complement a temperature-sensitive mutation of RCC1 in BHK21 cells encode a protein of relative molecular mass 45,000 (Mr 45K) which is located in the nucleus and binds to chromatin. We have recently isolated a protein from HeLa cells that strongly binds an anti-RCC1 antibody and has the same molecular mass, DNA-binding properties, and amino-acid sequence as the 205 residues already identified. HeLa cell RCC1 is complexed to a protein of Mr 25K. We have shown that this 25K protein has a sequence homologous to the translated reading frame of TC4, a cDNA found by screening a human teratocarcinoma cDNA library with oligonucleotides coding for a ras consensus sequence, and that the protein binds GDP and GTP. We have referred to this protein as the Ran protein (ras-related nuclear protein). In addition to the fraction of Ran protein complexed to RCC1, a 25-fold molar excess of the protein over RCC1 was found in the nucleoplasm of HeLa cells. Here we show that RCC1 specifically catalyses the exchange of guanine nucleotides on the Ran protein but not on the protein c-Ha-ras p21 (p21ras).     

青岛文昌鱼核糖体蛋白Amphil11基因的克隆和同源性分析

对青岛文昌鱼18小时神经胚cDNA文库进行测序，获得了5个AmphiL11的EST，经接接得到文昌鱼核糖体蛋白AmphiL11的编码完整的cDNA序列并演绎出AmphiL11的氨基酸序列，通过对AmphiL11蛋白的结构分析及其与人、鼠、鱼等脊柱动物和果蝇、线虫等无脊动物及酵母中同种核糖体蛋白的同源性分析，发现AmphiL11与脊柱动物核糖体L11蛋白的同源性很高，与高等无脊椎动物甚至酵母的同源性也较高，提示AmphiL11具有较高的进化水平，更接近于脊椎动物的核糖体蛋白L11。同时也表明，真核生物核糖体蛋白L11具有高度的保守性。     

Insulin-like growth factor II precursor gene organization in relation to insulin gene family

The insulin gene family, comprised of insulin, relaxin, insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and IGF-II) and possibly the beta-subunit of 7S nerve growth factor, represents a group of structurally related polypeptides whose biological functions have diverged. The IGFs, or somatomedins, constitute a class of polypeptides that have a key role in pre-adolescent mammalian growth (see ref. 4 for review). IGF-I expression is regulated by growth hormone and mediates postnatal growth, while IGF-II appears to be induced by placental lactogen during prenatal development. The primary structures of both human IGFs have been determined and are closely related. A polypeptide highly homologous to human IGF-II is secreted by the rat liver cell line, BRL-3A. As this polypeptide, termed multiplication stimulating activity (MSA), differs from human IGF-II by only five amino acid residues, MSA probably represents the rat IGF-II protein. Using molecular cloning techniques, we have isolated cDNA and chromosomal genes coding for the MSA and human IGF-II precursors, respectively. Our data, presented here, indicate that both MSA and human IGF-II are synthesized initially as larger precursor molecules. The deduced preprohormones both have molecular weights (MWs) of 20,100 and contain C-terminal propeptides of 89 amino acid residues, which we have named E-peptides. The organization of the IGF-II precursor gene is discussed in relation to that of other insulin gene family members.     

Effect of GbKTN1 from Gossypium barbadense on cell elongation of fission yeast（Schizosaccharomyces pombe）

The GbKTN1 gene was isolated from 10 DPA fiber cells of Gossypium barbadense using 5′RACE/3′RACE.Full-length cDNA of this gene is 2006 bp, including a 113 bp of 5′untranslated region, a 1563 bp of an open reading frame(ORF), and a 327 bp of 3′untranslated region (excluding the stop codon TAA). The ORF of GbKTN1 encodes a 521-amino acid protein with a predicted size of 55 kD. Near C-terminal of the deduced protein there is a putative ATP binding site between amino acid residues from 233 to 414. Southern blot analysis indicated that the GbKTN1 was a single copy gene in G barbadense. Combining semi-quantitative RT-PCR with Southern blot hybridization revealed that GbKTN1 expressed in all the organs detected such as roots, stems, leaves and fibers. However, the mRNA of GbKTN1 was the most abundant in fiber cells, while it was the lowest in leaves. The GbKTN1 cDNA was transformed into S. pombe to verify its function on cell elongation. Results showed that most yeast cells over expressing GbKTN1 gene were elongated dramatically with an average length increase of 2.18 times than that of the non-induced cells. Even the morphology of some yeast cells appeared irregularly. To the best of our knowledge this is the first evidence that KTN1 is correlated with cell elongation in vivo.     

猪STAT4、STAT6基因克隆及组织表达研究

本研究以长白猪为材料,克隆了STAT4和STAT6基因的cDNA全长,其中STAT4基因cDNA全长2269 bp,编码748个氨基酸的前体蛋白,与人、牛、大鼠、小鼠等哺乳动物STAT4氨基酸序列一致性分别为97%、98%、96%、96%;STAT6基因cDNA全长2637 bp,编码847个氨基酸的前体蛋白,与人、牛、大鼠、小鼠等哺乳动物的氨基酸序列有很高的同源性,分别为93%、95%、88%和87%.采用RT-PCR方法,本研究对家猪STAT4和STAT6基因进行组织表达分析.结果显示:STAT4在所有组织中都有表达,STAT6在心、肝、脾、肺、肾、肌肉、小肠等组织中有表达.此外,本研究已将家猪STAT4和STAT6基因编码区序列克隆到真核表达栽体pcDNA3.1(+)中,并做了初步功能鉴定.     

猪Akt1、Akt2基因克隆与组织表达图谱分析

为了得到长白猪蛋白激酶Akt1和Akt2基因序列并分析其表达模式,本研究使用RT-PCR方法,首先克隆了蛋白激酶Akt1和Akt2的cDNA.序列分析显示:长白猪Akt1基因的cDNA全长1461bp,编码具480个氨基酸残基的前体蛋白,其氨基酸序列与人,牛,大鼠,小鼠同源性达到97%以上.长白猪Akt2基因cDNA全长为1505bp,编码具481个氨基酸残基的前体蛋白,其氨基酸序列与人,牛,大鼠,小鼠的同源性高达97%以上.SMART分析表明,猪Akt1和Akt2蛋白均包含了与PI-3K结合的PH结构域及2个具有丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶催化活性的S_TKc结构域.RT-PCR检测结果显示:Akt1mRNA在垂体、心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肌肉组织中高表达,在大脑、小脑、肾脏表达丰度较低.Akt2则在小脑、垂体、心脏、肝脏、脾脏和肌肉组织中高表达,而在大脑和肾脏中表达丰度较低.     

人核蛋白P68 cDNA基因克隆及全序列测定

靠人合成４个混合聚核苷酸探针，从一个人盘λｇｔ１１ ｃＤＮＡ库筛选到含有ｐ６８ ｃＤＮＡ基因的阳性噬菌斑。经次克隆得到含ｐ６８ ｃＤＮＡ基因的ｐＢＲＢｔ７－ｐ６８质粒。用末端终止法对此ｃＤＮＡ基因进行了全序列测定。分析结构证明得到的ｐ６８ｃＤＮＡ基因含有２２８７３个苷酸，具有一个可阅读框架，共编码６１４个氨基酸。其５＇端非编码区含有１３０个碱基。３＇端非编码区含有３１５个碱基，比已发表的３＇端非