美国月桂樱的组织培养及植株再生

以春季萌发的美国月桂樱嫩枝为外植体诱导丛生芽,在MS 0.5 mg/L BA 0.01 mg/L NAA的培养基上.其丛生芽诱导率达100%,在继代培养基中选择MS 1.0 mg/L BA 0.1 mg/L NAA培养基.不定芽增殖较快,后将增殖苗接入MS 1.0mg/L KT 0.1 mg/L NAA培养基上壮苗,其生长状态最好.结果发现,赤霉素对芽的伸长没有效果.当芽伸长至3～4 cm时,切下置于1/2MS 1.0 mg/L NAA的生根培养基中,生根率达100%,移栽成活率达40%.     

常绿杨植株再生体系的建立

以水培常绿杨(Populus deltoides60/160×P.nigra'chile')枝条得到的叶柄为外植体,探讨了常绿杨植株再生的方法.结果表明:在MS BA0.3 mg/L NAA0.1 mg/L培养基上,不定芽的分化率最高,为82.5%;不定芽在MS BA0.2 mg/L NAA0.05 mg/L培养基上的继代增殖系数为7.2;在继代增殖培养基中添加0.4 mg/L GA3时,对不定芽的增殖和伸长有显著效果;在生根培养基1/2MS NAA0.05 mg/L上,生根率达到96.5%.     

福建省山樱花的组织培养及植株再生

以春季萌发的福建山樱花嫩枝为外植体诱导丛生芽 。在1／4MS＋BA1．0mg/L IBA0.1mg/L的培养基上，其丛生芽诱导率达87．5％；在继代培养中选择MS＋BA1．0mg/L IBA0.1mg/L GA30.3mg/L或KT1.0mg/L NAA0.1mg/L BA30.3mg/L培养基，不定芽增殖较快。赤霉素对其不定芽的伸长有明显效果，当芽伸长在3－4cm时，切下置于生根培养基1／2MS＋NAA1.0mg/L IBA1.0mg/L BA0.75mg/L中，生根率达90％以上，移栽成活率达95％。     

珍奇园艺植物珠帘藤的组织培养

以珠帘藤带芽节段和叶片为外植体进行组织培养.结果表明,以节段外植体诱导丛芽的适宜培养基为MS+2 mg/L BA,以叶片外植体诱导不定芽的适宜培养基为MS+1 mg/L BA+0.1 mg/L NAA;茎段外植体成芽时间较短,数量较多;最佳不定芽增殖培养基为MS+1.5 mg/L KT,繁殖系数达5.5,苗壮、长势好;最佳不定芽生根培养基为1/2 MS+0.1 mg/L iBA+0.6 g/L AC,生根率达96%.平均生根7.5条,根粗壮;最适试管苗移栽基质为腐质土+珍珠岩+椰糠(1:1:1),移栽成活率达92%.     

食用百合卷丹离体培养再生体系的建立

选取食用百合卷丹的鳞片作为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,添加6-BA和NAA的不同植物激素组合,分组进行不定芽诱导、继代增殖和诱导生根培养。结果表明,鳞茎的中层鳞片具有较强的不定芽分化能力,6-BA 0.5mg/L＋NAA 0.1mg/L的激素组合适宜于鳞片的不定芽分化和继代增殖,而最利于诱导生根的激素组合为NAA 1.0mg/L＋6-BA 0.1mg/L。组培苗经过60天左右培养可在培养基中直接产生小鳞茎。     

八宝景天茎段的组织培养和快速繁殖①

以八宝景天茎段为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,对八宝景天外植体消毒、不定芽诱导、继代增殖和生根培养基进行筛选试验,建立了八宝景天组织培养快繁技术体系。结果表明:75%C_2H_5OH 30s+0.1%HgCl_2 6min为八宝景天茎段消毒的最佳方法;MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L为不定芽诱导的最佳培养基;MS+6-BA 3.0mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L为继代增殖培养的最佳培养基;不定芽诱导生根的最佳培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.1 mg/L或1/2MS+IBA 0.1 mg/L,生根率达100%。     

勃氏甜龙竹的组培快繁

以勃甜龙竹新萌发的嫩枝为外植体.初始培养基为3/4MS 6 BA2 0mg/mL KT1 0 蔗糖20g/L(单位下同),丛生芽继代增殖培养基为3/4MS 6 BA2 0 NAA0 05mg/L(单位下同) 蔗糖20;生根培养基为1/2MS NAA3 0 IBA5 0 蔗糖10,每一过程为20～30d,丛生芽20d继代1次,不定芽增殖3～5倍,生根约30d左右,生根率约为75%～80%,无菌苗移栽成活率90%以上.     

皖西食用百合茎尖脱毒培养

选取食用百合卷丹的鳞茎作为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,分热处理和非热处理两组进行茎尖离体培养,探讨不同植物激素组合对不定芽的诱导发生、继代增殖以及诱导生根的影响.结果表明,两个实验组皆以6-BA 1.0 mg/L十NAA 0.2mg/L的激素组合对于不定芽的分化发生为优,热处理组的芽诱导率和不定芽平均分化量分别为88.9％和4.5个,未热处理组的分别为87.5％和4.9个;不定芽增殖培养的最佳激素组合为6-BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L,芽增殖系数为4.20;不定芽诱导生根的最佳激素组合为6 BA 0.2 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L.     

野生通江百合高频率再生植株的研究

本文报道了用野生通江百合的种子萌发的无菌苗,切取叶片、叶柄、茎段基部小鳞茎为外植体进行组织培养研究.结果表明:种子在预处理去翅后,经75%(v/v)酒精浸泡杀菌30s,0.1%(v/v)氯化汞消毒5min,灭菌效果最好;愈伤组织诱导的最适培养基为MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA 1.0mg/L+蔗糖30g/L;培养基MS+6-BA2.5mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L+蔗糖30g/L诱导不定芽及增殖效果最好,平均繁殖倍数9.38,增殖率100.0%;培养基MS+IBA1.00mg/L+蔗糖30g/L最适合用于诱导通江百合不定芽生根,生根率可达93.3%;炼苗后移栽成活率95%以上.     

雪落樱再生体系的建立

以雪落樱(Cerasus xueluoensis)叶片为外植体,研究灭菌方式、不同激素配比组合及含糖量等因素对叶片再生的影响。结果表明,以春季充分展开的嫩叶为外植体,用0.1%Hg Cl2灭菌7 min效果较理想。筛选出MS为最适的基本培养基,并在培养基中添加20 mg/L Vc溶液,能有效缓解愈伤组织继代过程中的褐变状况;愈伤组织增殖以MS+6-BA(1.0 mg/L)+NAA(0.5 mg/L)+Vc(20 mg/L)为宜,增殖快速且生长良好;在MS+6-BA(2.0mg/L)+NAA(0.1 mg/L)+TDZ(2.0 mg/L)+Vc(20 mg/L)培养基中愈伤组织分化最理想,不定芽生长健壮;将分化健壮的不定芽接种到3/4MS+NAA(0.1 mg/L)+蔗糖(15 g/L)的培养基中生根,27 d后生根率达100%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-