纤维状碱式碳酸铝铵的低热固相合成及其超分子自组装特征

利用室温固相反应合成得到了纤维状的碱式碳酸铝铵(AACH).SEM照片显示AACH晶粒的平均直径为0.3μm,平均长度可达15μm的纤维.AACH经高温裂解只获得了平均粒径60 nm左右的等轴氧化铝颗粒,没有获得氧化铝纤维或者晶须.分析认为本实验所获得AACH纤维系由6nm左右的AACH纳米晶作为结构单元通过超分子自组装而得到的超分子纤维,而并非单晶的纤维,因此,AACH在经过高温裂解后只能形成氧化铝颗粒.     

织构直径对45钢摩擦磨损性能的影响

用激光加工的方法在45钢表面加工4种直径分别为10μm、50μm、100μm、150μm的凹坑。以球-盘副在UMT-2型多功能摩擦磨损试验机上,考察凹坑直径在干摩擦和乏油条件下织构对45钢摩擦磨损性能的影响。研究结果表明:在干摩擦条件下,平均摩擦因数随着凹坑直径的增大先增大后减小,在50μm时最大,为0.67;在乏油条件下,凹坑直径10μm时平均摩擦因数为0.15,明显小于其他试样。两种条件下织构面与未织构面相比均表现出更好的耐磨性。与无织构试样相比,织构化试样的磨损率均降低,干摩擦条件下凹坑直径越大磨损率降低越明显,乏油条件下凹坑直径对磨损率影响复杂。     

外电场对双极荷电颗粒碰撞及凝聚的影响

为确定外电场对双极凝聚的影响,采用FORTRAN程序,通过计算得到颗粒在一定电流体场条件下的电荷分布统计规律,并考察外电场对双极荷电颗粒间的碰撞凝聚规律.计算结果表明,只有当荷电颗粒所受电场力与阻力的量级之比接近于1时,外电场才能起到增强双极凝聚效果的作用;在相同条件下,颗粒直径越大,外电场增强双极荷电颗粒的碰撞效果也越大.     

不同雷诺数风沙来流下粒径对S809翼型性能的影响

以风力机专用翼型S809为对象,采用数值模拟的方法研究不同雷诺数风沙来流下粒径对翼型性能的影响.结果表明:0.5μm颗粒绕流时紧贴翼型壁面运动,随着颗粒直径的增大,其运动轨迹逐渐偏离吸力面,且直径越大,偏移距离越远.当颗粒直径为10～50μm时,颗粒绕过前缘后开始偏离吸力面,大于50μm时,其绕流作用减弱,出现直接撞击吸力面的现象;雷诺数越大,近前缘驻点处撞击壁面的颗粒直径越小,且小攻角下撞击壁面的颗粒直径较小;各雷诺数下,50μm颗粒对翼型气动性能的影响最大;雷诺数为2×10~5时,5、50μm颗粒对气相湍动能有抑制作用,50μm颗粒的抑制作用最明显,100μm颗粒会增强气相湍动能.     

街道峡谷内颗粒物扩散沉积的数值模拟研究

采用计算流体动力学(CFD)技术,模拟分析了孤立街道峡谷内气流运动和颗粒物的扩散沉积.计算中选取中低来流风速(3,5,10 m/s)和高来流风速(20 m/s),颗粒粒径范围为0.01～10μm.得到了峡谷内气流速度场、颗粒运动轨迹和颗粒在建筑物不同表面及地面上的沉积率.结果表明,颗粒在地面上的沉积率明显高于在建筑物各表面上的沉积率;来流风速一定时颗粒在峡谷迎风面、背风面、建筑物屋顶及地面上的沉积率都对粒径的变化不敏感,中低风速范围内颗粒在建筑物各表面和地面的沉积率都对风速变化不敏感;在峡谷迎风面及地面上,颗粒在高风速下的沉积率明显大于中低风速下的沉积率,而在峡谷背风面及建筑物屋顶上,颗粒在高风速下的沉积率明显低于中低风速下的沉积率;在中低风速下,颗粒在背风面的沉积率高于在迎风面的沉积率,而在高风速下,颗粒在背风面的沉积率却低于在迎风面的沉积率.     

脚板薯淀粉的理化性质研究

从脚板薯淀粉颗粒的形态大小、淀粉中直链淀粉与支链淀粉的比例、淀粉的粘度和糊化温度等方面研究了脚板薯淀粉的理化性质,从而得到一系列脚板薯淀粉性质的参数：脚板薯淀粉颗粒纵径范围42．67～79.69μm,平均值为61．66μm,横径范围为33．43-44．58μm,平均横径为39．22μm,其直链淀粉含量为总淀粉的27．18％．其初始糊化温度为65～67℃．     

超微粉碎技术在葡萄籽加工中的应用

葡萄籽具有极高的营养价值和药用价值.为充分利用葡萄籽中的功能性成分,对葡萄籽的清洗、干燥、杀菌、冷冻和超微粉碎等工艺进行了研究.结果表明:葡萄籽超微粉的最佳工艺条件为:40℃下干燥2h→-20℃下冷冻30min→以40g/kg的比例加入微晶纤维素→混合后粉碎25min.采用该工艺获得的葡萄籽超微粉的颗粒直径为2.5～22.5μm,平均直径为6.2μm,而葡萄籽细胞的直径为15.0～32.5μm,平均为24.9μm,说明细胞破壁率达到了100%.     

荷电颗粒在DPF孔道内的流动及沉积特性

为了研究荷电颗粒在柴油机颗粒捕集器内的流动及沉积状况,基于FLUENT模拟软件建立DPF孔道计算模型,利用离散相模型计算了颗粒荷电前后在孔道内的流动及沉积.通过电镜扫描DPF切片分析了不同荷电电压下颗粒在通道内的沉积厚度,验证了模拟计算结果的准确性.结果表明:荷电电压的增加会使进、排气孔内速度变化趋于线性,且荷电电压越高线性变化越明显;在加载电压后进气孔内压力增大,而荷电电压的改变对排气孔道压力变化影响不大,同时荷电电压的增加会使壁面渗流速度沿孔道轴向变化变缓,孔道内的颗粒沉积分布趋于均匀,且电压越高颗粒沉积分布越均匀.     

不同粒径电气石及电气石-PVDF纤维膜用于甲醛的光催化降解

为实现“双碳”目标,采用球磨的方式制备了不同粒径电气石颗粒,探究了其微观形貌、晶体结构等性质,并进一步采用静电纺丝工艺,制备了电气石-PVDF纤维膜,考察了电气石-PVDF纤维膜对甲醛的光催化降解影响,并探究了其降解机制。结果表明：粒径为10μm的电气石颗粒对甲醛具有最佳的降解效果(20.5%)。成型化处理的电气石-PVDF纤维膜中电气石分散性增强,表现出更佳的降解效果(21.9%)。此外,通过电导率和电滞回线表征,定性及定量测定电气石的剩余自发极化强度为0.009 6μC/cm²。在极化电场的驱动下,富集到电气石表面的甲醛被降解成甲醇并进一步分解为其他小分子。     

实验室电解水产生气泡群的尺度分布

分别通过对气泡照片进行图像处理和利用声波的散射进行反演两种方法,研究了实验室电解水产生气泡群的尺度分布.结果表明:在实验条件下,电解水产生的气泡直径在10～250μm之间;直径100μm以下的小气泡占绝大多数,超过80%,平均直径在75.4μm左右;电解水产生的气泡群呈现泊松分布;声学反演出的气泡分布趋势与光学测量结果相近.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-