掺镍对钛过量钛酸钡粉体及其陶瓷的结构及介电性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶(Sol-Gel)法制备了Ti/Ba=1.02的掺镍钛酸钡纳米晶粉体及其陶瓷。通过XRD、SEM和TEM对掺镍钛酸钡基粉体及陶瓷进行表征,并测定了陶瓷的介电性能。结果表明:Ti/Ba=1.02的掺镍钛酸钡基粉体约40 nm,主要相组成为立方相钛酸钡,并有少量的碳酸钡,经烧结后全部转化为四方相钛酸钡。掺镍明显降低了钛酸钡基陶瓷的烧结温度(约降低100℃);随着掺镍量的增大,陶瓷粒径先增大后减小,掺镍量mol比为3.0%时陶瓷εm大(5 571),并且tanδ小(0.011);与Ti/Ba=1.00的掺镍钛酸钡陶瓷相比,钛过量掺镍钛酸钡陶瓷粒径细小,ε-T谱峰值降低。     

准同型相界附近0.02Pb(Zn_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3-0.50Pb(Ni_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3-0.48Pb(Zr_xTi_(1-x))O_3陶瓷压电性能研究

采用传统固相反应法制备四元系0.02Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.50Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.48Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3(0.29≤x≤0.34)陶瓷.观察样品的晶相结构和显微结构,测试压电性能和介电性能.随着Zr/Ti比的增大,晶相从四方相向三方相转变.发现准同型相界位置在x=0.32附近.1 240℃烧结的0.02PZN-0.50PNN-0.48PZ32T陶瓷展现了良好的压电性能,压电常数d33为715 p C/N,机电耦合系数kp为0.541,剩余极化强度Pr为25.5μC/cm2,矫顽场强Ec为5.6 k V/cm.新的压电材料适合高性能压电器件应用,且简单的制备方法给生产带来极大便利.     

Effect of thermo-mechanical treatment on mechanical and elastic properties of Ti–36Nb–5Zr alloy

The evolutions of phase constitutions and mechanical properties of a β-phase Ti–36Nb–5Zr(wt%) alloy during thermo-mechanical treatment were investigated. The alloy consisted of dual(β t α″) phase and exhibited a double yielding phenomenon in solution treated state. After cold rolling and subsequent annealing at 698 K for 20 min, an excellent combination of high strength(833 MPa) and low modulus(46 GPa) was obtained. The high strength can be attributed to high density of dislocations, nanosized α phase and grain refinement. On the other hand, the low Young's modulus originates from the suppression of chemical stabilization of β phase during annealing, which guarantees the low β-phase stability. Furthermore, the single-crystal elastic constants of the annealed Ti–36Nb–5Zr alloy were extracted from polycrystalline alloy using an in-situ synchrotron X-ray technique. The results indicated that the low shear modulus C44 contributes to the low Young's modulus for the Ti–36Nb–5Zr alloy, suggesting that reducing C44 through thermo-mechanical treatment might be an efficient approach to realize low Young's modulus in β-phase Ti alloys. The results achieved in this study could be helpful to elucidate the origin of low modulus and sheds light on developing novel biomedical Ti alloys with both low modulus and high strength.     

地域文学视域下的清人论清文：《国朝文棷题辞》与清代文集叙录

平步青《国朝文棷题辞》以千余卷规模的清文总集《国朝文棷》为基础，对清代散文作了集成式叙录。此书从地域文学视角出发，挖掘出清初江西散文与清代浙东散文发展的内在细节与地域集群性特征，揭橥出桐城文派之外丰富的散文创作事实，对于还原文学史真实面目、梳理文派流衍、重写清代散文史，均有比较重要的价值与意义。     

煅烧制度对Li4Ti5O12材料结构与电化学性能的影响

研究高温固相合成Li4Ti5O12的煅烧制度,探讨Li2CO3与TiO2反应生成Li4Ti5O12的机理.分别采用一段煅烧(于800℃保温10 h)、两段煅烧(于800℃保温2 h,于650℃保温8 h)、低温预烧(于650℃保温8 h,于800℃分别保温2,4,6和8 h)3种高温固相煅烧制度合成Li4Ti5O12.研究结果表明:与一段煅烧和两段煅烧制度相比,在低温预烧制度下,随着高温阶段保温时间延长,合成产物中TiO2杂相含量逐渐减少直至消失;原料经650℃低温预烧8 h,再于800℃保温6 h条件下所得产物纯度达95%,仅含有少量富锂杂相Li2TiO3,材料首次放电比容量高达170.1 mA·h·g-1.     

安培法直接测定水体中COD的方法研究

以Ti/PbO2-Pt-Hg/Hg2Cl2为电极组成三电极体系,采用安培法直接测定水体中葡萄糖COD值。优化测试条件为:工作电极电位1.4 V,电解液浓度0.02 mol/L,电解时间1.5 min。工作电极的电流响应值与COD值在标准溶液20～200 mg/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为10 mg/L。通过增大电位气泡更新法来再生工作电极具有简便、快速,重现性好的优点,当其与标准法对照用于实际水样COD的测定时相对误差<3%。     

电解液中Ce(NO_3)_3/Ce_2(SO_4)_3的含量对Ti6Al4V合金微弧氧化膜层特性的影响

在硅酸钠-氢氧化钠电解液中以Na5P3O10作为稳定剂,通过改变Ce(NO3)3/Ce2(SO4)3的含量对Ti6Al4V合金进行微弧氧化,用XRD、SEM、EDS对试样表面所获得的氧化膜进行表征,并研究电解液中不同Ce(NO3)3/Ce2(SO4)3含量对氧化膜表面形貌的影响.结果表明,随着电解液中Ce3+的加入量增加到0.3 g/L,氧化膜表面的致密性减小,在此基础上加入0.5 g/L的Na5P3O10时,氧化膜致密性增加.EDS分析结果显示,膜层含有Ti、Na、Al、Si、P、O及Ce等元素;XRD分析结果表明,氧化膜的相组成为Ti、锐钛矿以及金红石.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备(Bi, Nd)4Ti3O12铁电薄膜

采用溶胶凝胶法在Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si基片上制备了(Bi, Nd)4Ti3O12铁电薄膜.将薄膜分别进行每一层、每二层、每三层500 ℃空气中预退火10 min，分别称为样品a、b、c，最后都于氮气氛中680℃总退火半小时. 结果表明预退火工艺对薄膜的铁电性能影响很大.样品a、b的铁电性能(2Pr分别为47.8 μC/cm2和51.9 μC/cm2)远远高于样品c(2Pr = 28.7 μC/cm2).三组薄膜都呈现良好的抗疲劳特性.     

论《乌夜啼》曲牌来源及其填制

《乌夜啼》之名最早见诸中古乐府,唐代教坊曲中亦有《乌夜啼》,其后唐宋词中出现了大量以《乌夜啼》为词牌的词。通过考察其本事,可以看出,词牌之《乌夜啼》是以唐教坊曲《乌夜啼》为近源,以中古乐府《乌夜啼》为远源,哀怨婉曲是其声情的基本特点。南唐李煜首创《乌夜啼》之后,两宋时期有四十八字左右《乌夜啼》和三十六字《乌夜啼》,后一种情况是以《相见欢》为词调,当视为《相见欢》的别称。北宋时期创作此调的词人除欧阳修以外,比较鲜见,然南宋逐步繁盛,陆游、卢祖皋等是其代表,而且往往一题多作,促进了《乌夜啼》创作的发展。     

Millennial climate changes since MIS 3 revealed by element records in deep-sea sediments from northern South China Sea

High resolution elemental MD05-2903 from the northern South records in core China Sea were obtained from XRF scanning and grain size and mineral component analyses. The K/Ti curve reveals climate changes since MIS 3 on a millennial scale, representing one of the best such records so far from deep-sea sediments of the South China Sea. When compared our K/Ti record with other climate records from high latitude ice cores and from East Asia stalagmites, variations in the K/Ti record show some typical saw-shaped features of rapid climate changes in the Northern Hemisphere. Grain size analysis reveals a close relationship between variations in K/Ti and in the fine end-member grain size. XRD analysis confirms that high K/Ti layers were dominated by K-rich weathering minerals, especially illite, while low K/Ti layers contain low illite but high abundance of Ti-rich heavy minerals. Therefore, the K/Ti record reflects changes in the input and deposition of fine weathering minerals and heavy minerals in the northern South China Sea region during stadials and interstadials. These elemental changes were largely con- trolled by variations in rainfall, erosion, and fluvial trans- portation induced by East Asia Monsoon.