Ni Co Cr合金共沉积工艺

通过线性扫描、循环伏安和交流阻抗谱分析,研究了柠檬酸镀液中Ni-Co-Cr合金共沉积的电化学行为,并利用扫描电镜和X射线衍射对镀层的表面形貌和结构进行了表征.结果表明,Cr3+与Ni2+,Co2+离子有相互促进放电、加速共沉积的作用,Co为异常沉积.当添加剂为10 g/L,糖精为1 g/L,p H值为2.5,镀液温度为30℃时,阴极极化较大,有利于得到Cr含量高的Ni-Co-Cr合金镀层.所得镀层表面光亮平整,为非晶态结构.     

通过添加水溶性材料提高Ni(OH)_2超级电容器的比电容

采用水热法将聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)作为软性模板合成样品Ni(OH)2-PAM,Ni(OH)2-CTMAB和Ni(OH)2.在PAM和CTMAB的作用下,合成出来的样品有了更多的介孔,并且展现出了较宽的尺寸分布.通过扫描电镜(SEM)可以观察到不同的形貌.Ni(OH)2-PAM和Ni(OH)2-CTMAB基电极在1 A/g的放电密度下的比电容分别是1200 F/g和757 F/g,这大大地高于没加水溶性材料合成的Ni(OH)2样品基的电极的比电容,只有113 F/g.因此,适当的添加一些水溶性材料能够提高电极材料的电化学性能.     

La含量对Ni-S_2O_8~(2-)/ZrO_2-Al_2O_3固体超强酸催化剂结构及异构性能的影响

制备一系列不同La质量分数的La-Ni-S2O82-/Zr O2-Al2O3催化剂(记为La-Ni-SZA),采用XRD、BET、H2-TPR、FTIR、Py-IR等手段对催化剂进行表征。以正戊烷异构化为探针反应,考察La质量分数对催化剂结构和异构化性能的影响。结果表明:引入适量的La能使催化剂中四方晶相Zr O2的颗粒尺寸减小,改善催化剂的氧化还原性能,促进L酸和B酸的形成;催化剂总酸量顺序为La(1.0)-Ni-SZANi-SZASZA;La质量分数为1.0%的La(1.0)-Ni-SZA催化剂具有最高的异构化活性,在反应温度为140℃、压力为2.0 MPa、氢烃摩尔比为4、质量空速为1.0 h-1时,异戊烷产率达66.5%,明显高于Ni-SZA催化剂最佳反应温度(180℃)下的异戊烷产率(55.0%)。     

NaCl溶液中20Cr9Ni5Co14不锈钢电化学腐蚀行为

采用电化学极化技术(动电位极化技术、线性极化技术和循环极化技术)和交流阻抗技术研究了不同条件下20Cr9Ni5Co14超高强度不锈钢的电化学腐蚀行为,并采用扫描电镜对极化后腐蚀形貌进行了表征.结果表明,20Cr9Ni5Co14钢在3.5%(质量分数)Na Cl溶液中出现钝化.随着Na Cl浓度的升高,钝化现象消失,而自腐蚀电流密度从8.223×10-7A/cm2减小至1.129×10-7A/cm2;随着p H值的降低,20Cr9Ni5Co14钢的致钝电位和过钝化电位增加.在p H值高于3时,腐蚀产物膜具有良好的耐腐蚀性能而导致反应步骤成为控制步骤.而当p H值降低到2时,腐蚀产物溶解速度很快,金属界面发生腐蚀速率很大,浓差极化成为了控制步骤.对腐蚀形貌研究表明,20Cr9Ni5Co14钢在极化过程中出现点腐蚀,导致了材料的耐腐蚀性能下降.     

Structure and magnetic properties of Ni50Mn35In15 thin film

Thin film of Ni50Mn35In15 Heusler alloy was prepared on Mg O(001) substrate by epitaxial growth in an ultra-high vacuum(UHV) chamber by a Pulsed Laser Deposition(PLD) method. The epitaxial growth process was monitored by in situ reflection high energy electron diffraction(RHEED) and the structure of the film was checked by ex situ X-ray diffraction(XRD), which indicates that high quality Ni50Mn35In15 single crystal film with a face-centered-cubic(fcc) structure could be stabilized on Mg O(001). Magnetic property measurement was also conducted at various temperatures by using physical property measurement system(PPMS). A significant exchange bias was observed for Ni50Mn35In15 film,and the strength of the exchange bias field(HEB) increases with the decrease of temperature. Such a behavior can be ascribed to the fact that the interfacial spin interaction between ferromagnetic(FM) and antiferromagnetic(AFM) cluster is enhanced with the decrease of temperature.     

Simulation of sea surface temperature changes in the Middle Pliocene warm period and comparison with reconstructions

The Middle Pliocene (ca 3.12–2.97 Ma) is a recent warm period in the Earth’s history. In many respects, the warmth of the Middle Pliocene is similar to the probable warm situation of the late 21st century predicted by climate models. Understanding the Middle Pliocene climate is important in predicting the future climate with global warming. Here, we used the latest reconstructions for the Middle Pliocene—Pliocene Research Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping (PRISM) version 3—to simulate the Middle Pliocene ...     

铁镍触媒合成金刚石内部包裹体的研究

分析铁镍触媒合成金刚石内部的包裹体成分及形成原因. 结果表明: 金刚石晶体中的包裹体主要以FeNi合金和Fe₃C形式存在; 随着生长速度加快, 金刚石内部包裹体的点状分布逐渐增多; 在不同温度下, 进入金刚石晶体内部包裹体的方式不同; 随着包裹体的增多, 合成的金刚石晶体硬度降低. 通过调整合成工艺, 合成了包裹体含量极少、 粒度约为0.6~0.7 mm的金刚石单晶.     

0Cr18Ni9不锈钢焊接温度场的数值仿真

基于有限元软件SYSWELD对不锈钢0Cr18Ni9平板TIG焊的温度场进行三维动态模拟,得出了瞬态温度场分布图和特征点的热循环曲线,同时也得出了焊缝上任一点的温度变化与相变的关系.与文献资料比较表明,所建立的数值模拟仿真模型可以较好的模拟焊接温度场,为研究焊接过程中的应力应变和减少焊接应力与变形提供了参考依据.     

Research on catalysis of sodium-metallochlorophylls in Ni/MH battery

The effects of sodium-metallochlorophylls including sodium-iron chlorophyllin, sodium-copper chlorophyllin and sodium-magnesium chlorophyllin on performance of Ni/MH battery were investigated. The results show that sodium-iron chlorophyllin can effectively activate the gases produced during charge in Ni/MH battery, therefore reducing the reduction potential of oxygen and the oxidation potential of hydrogen, and the increased speed of inner pressure of battery is decreased significantly. With the aid of DMol3 software, the activation process of oxygen and hydrogen by sodiummetallochlorophylls was simulated and analyzed. It was found that the catalysis behavior is in agreement with the experimental results, and the activation process also gets a reasonable explanation from the calculated results.     

氧化镍掺杂酚醛树脂热解炭的结构及抗氧化性研究

在酚醛树脂中直接掺杂三氧化镍粉末,研究氧化镍掺杂量、炭化温度对氧化镍改性树脂热解炭结构和氧化温度的影响。用X射线衍射、拉曼光谱、扫描电镜和综合热分析等手段对氧化镍改性树脂热解炭的石墨化度、显微结构及氧化温度进行表征。结果表明,埋炭条件下掺杂三氧化二镍,450～750℃温度下被逐级还原成一氧化镍和单质镍,其催化热解炭形成晶须、片状或块状结构;氧化镍改性树脂热解炭石墨化度随炭化温度升高和氧化镍掺杂量增加而增高,其氧化温度高于酚醛树脂氧化温度;氧化镍的最佳掺杂量为3%～5%。