Steganalysis of neural networks based on parameter statistical bias

Many pretrained deep learning models have been released to help engineers and researchers develop deep learning-based systems or conduct research with minimall effort. Previous work has shown that at secret message can be embedded in neural network parameters without compromising the accuracy of the model. Malicious developers can, therefore, hide malware or other baneful information in pretrained models, causing harm to society. Hence, reliable detection of these vicious pretrained models is urgently needed. We analyze existing approaches for hiding messages and find that they will ineluctably cause biases in the parameter statistics. Therefore, we propose steganalysis methods for steganography on neural network parameters that extract statistics from benign and malicious models and build classifiers based on the extracted statistics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on neural network steganalysis. The experimental results reveal that our proposed algorithm can effectively detect a model with an embedded message. Notably, our detection methods are still valid in cases where the payload of the stego model is low.     

基于区块链技术的生鲜农产品溯源研究

为探究区块链技术在生鲜农产品流通过程中如何保障质量安全,利用演化博弈方法探究监管部门与生鲜农产品生产商关于生鲜食品质量安全溯源博弈过程.构建监管部门与生鲜农产品生产商的质量安全溯源的博弈支付矩阵,并进一步确立质量安全溯源的复制动态方程.通过对二维复制动态系统进行求解初步得到系统的平衡点,再分析平衡点的局部稳定性情况.结果显示,当生产商生产质量安全生鲜产品的收益大于生产不安全生鲜产品的收益时,双方博弈将最终演化到理想状态(1,0),即生产商将生产质量安全的生鲜农产品而监管部门选择不监管.由此可知,当生产商生产质量不安全的产品会获得更多收益时,监管部门可以采取罚金的方式来规范生产商安全生产.     

Improving the photocatalytic activity of graphitic carbon nitride by thermal treatment in a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere

Extending visible light absorption range and suppressing the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers are always important topics in developing efficient solar-driven photocatalysts. In this study, the thermal treatment process at 400 °C in a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere was applied to modify graphitic carbon nitride. Compared to the normal atmospheric hydrogen treatment process, this process has the merit of producing nitrogen deficient graphitic carbon nitride in high-yield. The optimal photocatalytic activity of modified graphitic carbon nitride was demonstrated by controlling the treatment duration in the hydrogen atmosphere.The changes in the crystal structure, microstructure and optical properties of carbon nitrides were investigated by several characterizations. The relationship between the photocatalytic activity and structures of graphitic carbon nitride was preliminarily established. The results obtained in this study could provide some new ways of improving the activity of graphitic carbon nitride based photocatalyst.     

Blockage of the NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950 improves anti-tumor immune responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical innate immune pathway responsible for producing active interleukin (IL)-1β, which is associated with tumor development and immunity. However, the mechanisms regulating the inflammatory microenvironment, tumorigenesis and tumor immunity are unclear. Herein, we show that the NLRP3 inflammasome was over-expressed in human HNSCC tissues and that the IL-1β concentration was increased in the peripheral blood of HNSCC patients. Additionally, elevated NLRP3 inflammasome levels were detected in tumor tissues of Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO HNSCC mice, and elevated IL-1β levels were detected in the peripheral blood serum, spleen, draining lymph nodes and tumor tissues. Blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation using MCC950 remarkably reduced IL-1β production in an HNSCC mouse model and reduced the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Moreover, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation increased the numbers of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in HNSCC mice. Notably, the numbers of exhausted PD-1⁺ and Tim3⁺ T cells were significantly reduced. A human HNSCC tissue microarray showed that NLRP3 inflammasome expression was correlated with the expression of CD8 and CD4, the Treg marker Foxp3, the MDSC markers CD11b and CD33, and the TAM markers CD68 and CD163, PD-1 and Tim3. Overall, our results demonstrate that the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway promotes tumorigenesis in HNSCC and inactivation of this pathway delays tumor growth, accompanied by decreased immunosuppressive cell accumulation and an increased number of effector T cells. Thus, inhibition of the tumor microenvironment through the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway may provide a novel approach for HNSCC therapy.     

夯土遗址表层热劣化模拟试验研究

以武威明长城夯土遗址为例,通过现场调查及室内模拟试验,研究分析夯土遗址表层的热劣化机制.X射线衍射及电镜扫描试验表明:遗址表层与母墙土的矿物成分相似,表层微观结构平滑,但风化明显.热劣化模拟试验表明,试样表层热传导系数、热扩散系数及体积比热均低于母墙.热劣化过程中,表层与母墙的热传导系数与热扩散系数均维持稳定.研究认为,夯土遗址表层与母墙组成具有热性质差异的双层结构,在温差作用下,双层结构间的稳定热差异会使其接触面产生热应力差.热应力差的持续作用使接触面劣化疲劳,导致遗址表层与母墙分离,产生剥离病害.     

Breeding preferences in the treefrogs Dryophytes japonicus (Hylidae) in Mongolia

ABSTRACT

When a species occurs over a broad range of climates and landscapes, the breeding ecology of that species is expected to vary locally. Additionally, a basic knowledge of breeding ecology is required before other types of studies may be conducted, such as physiology or conservation. In North East Asia, Dryophytes japonicus is distributed from Japan to Mongolia, where its breeding ecology is unknown. The objectives of this study were to understand the breeding requirements of D. japonicus in this part of its range. We collected data for Dryophytes japonicus at 56 sites located within 23 independent localities in Northern Mongolia during the breeding season 2017. The data collected included habitat type and co-occurring amphibian, fishes and bird species. Our results show that the species prefers circa 70 m long oxbow lakes for breeding, while habitat characteristics, water quality and co-occurring species were not significantly associated with the occurrence of the species. We therefore conclude that D. japonicus is behaviourally plastic in Mongolia, as it is in other portions of its range, and that the species can use several types of environments and co-occur with different species at its breeding sites. Corvus dauuricus was the only bird species significant predicting the occurrence of D. japonicus, likely because of overlapping ecological preferences.     

复杂金融网络中的系统性风险与流动性救助:基于不同网络拓扑结构的研究

以支付结算网络为例,通过构建复杂网络中的流动性循环模型,基于仿真模拟研究了不同网络拓扑结构和不同风险场景下的系统性风险与流动性救助问题.研究发现:1)网络拓扑结构对系统稳健性有显著影响,系统呈现出"稳健而脆弱"的特点,即网络节点间差异越小、相互连接越紧密,系统性风险发生的概率越小,但风险一旦形成,则后果更为严重;2)由于系统性风险的程度与系统流动性正缺口规模呈现线性正相关关系,在进行流动性救助时,基于节点流动性正缺口的救助资金配置方案均不劣于平均分配或基于冲击规模分配的方案,但在不同网络拓扑结构下,方案间的差异程度存在显著差异;3)在基于节点流动性正缺口的配置方案下,网络拓扑结构对不同救助顺序的效果也存在影响,但仅在网络节点间差异较大且中等救助规模下,影响才是显著的.     

Estimation of Partially Linear Panel Data Models with Cross-Sectional Dependence

Journal of Systems Science and Complexity - This paper studies the estimation of the partially linear panel data models, allowing for cross-sectional dependence through a common factors structure....     

学术会议质量综合评价研究及实践

学术会议活动在国家创新体系建设、学科交流与发展、科研人员成长过程中扮演着极为重要的角色.针对传统学术会议质量评价方法中存在的学术性要素不突出、适用领域狭窄等问题,提出了一种综合采用参会者定性反馈、会议定量特征分析、会议影响力大数据分析等评价信息源的质量评价框架,并对2018年举办的700余场国内学术会议开展了质量综合评价实践.结果 表明,中国学术会议呈规模持续增长、内容质控愈发严格、互动交流效果进一步突出、成果类型及传播方式进一步丰富等趋势,但不同学科、不同规模学术会议间质量差异较为显著,不同职称、不同国籍参会者对会议质量的感知存在明显差别.根据评价结果,从面向参会者诉求、优化会议组织及完善学会机制建设等方面提出了学术会议的质量提升建议.     

基于信息化知识管理系统的中医拔尖人才培养模式

中医拔尖人才的培养是新时期中医院校和中医医院发展的"核心竞争力",信息化知识管理系统是运用信息技术将名老中医的隐性知识转化为显性知识,利用网络存储、系统开发、资源共享的便捷性探索适用面更广、形式更灵活多样、可操作性更强的中医拔尖人才培养模式.