[Bu4N]28[(PW11O39FeⅢ)6FeⅡ(CN)6]·13H2O的合成,表征及磁性研究

在Na4PW11O39Fe(Ⅲ)(H2O)·11H2O,K4Fe(CN)6和Bu4NBr的混合水溶液中,合成了一个新的类普鲁士蓝杂多化合物[Bu4N]28[(PW11O39FeⅢ)6FeⅡ(CN)6]·13H2O,并通过元素分析、差热-热重、红外光谱、紫外光谱等分析手段对其进行了表征.分析结果表明,在该化合物中,PW11O39FeⅢ(H<,2O)4-的配位水分子被氰基取代,形成以FeⅡ为中心的类似于普鲁士蓝的八面体结构单元FeⅡ-[CN-FeⅢPW11O39]6-磁性研究表明,该化合物为反铁磁性物质,在3.44K以上,其表现为铁磁性,磁化率随温度的下降而升高,居里常数为4.469 cm3Kmol-1外斯常数为-0.05(3)K,g因子为2.02.在3.44K以下,其表现为反铁磁性.磁性随温度的下降而降低.     

Variability of El Niño/Southern Oscillation activity at millennial timescales during the Holocene epoch

The variability of El Ni?o/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) during the Holocene epoch, in particular on millennial timescales, is poorly understood. Palaeoclimate studies have documented ENSO variability for selected intervals in the Holocene, but most records are either too short or insufficiently resolved to investigate variability on millennial scales. Here we present a record of sedimentation in Laguna Pallcacocha, southern Ecuador, which is strongly influenced by ENSO variability, and covers the past 12,000 years continuously. We find that changes on a timescale of 2-8 years, which we attribute to warm ENSO events, become more frequent over the Holocene until about 1,200 years ago, and then decline towards the present. Periods of relatively high and low ENSO activity, alternating at a timescale of about 2,000 years, are superimposed on this long-term trend. We attribute the long-term trend to orbitally induced changes in insolation, and suggest internal ENSO dynamics as a possible cause of the millennial variability. However, the millennial oscillation will need to be confirmed in other ENSO proxy records.     

油田注水系统生产过程仿真软件ISPPS

介绍了油田注水系统生产过程仿真软件ＩＳＰＰＳ的设计和实现。以系统基本水力元件数学模型为基础,应用节点方程模型建立了系统数学模型。提出系统模型简化策略,极大提高了系统仿真计算速度。该软件目前已应用于大庆杏北油田注水系统,效果显著。     

多功能表面粗糙度动态测试系统

本文运用现代时间序列理论,研制出一种微机自动控制的多功能、多参数测量系统。该系统可同时测出25个粗糙度参数。轮廓算术平均偏差的测量不确定度为±0.015μm(置信概率为99.73％),双通道数据采集系统的相对误差为—0.2％。可同时进行16个通道的信号采集,分辨率为12位。本文还运用时序理论中的最新方法,对8种加工表面进行了建模试验,为表面粗糙度动态特性及三维统计特性分析提出4个评定参数。     

Exome sequencing of extreme phenotypes identifies DCTN4 as a modifier of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis

Exome sequencing has become a powerful and effective strategy for the discovery of genes underlying Mendelian disorders. However, use of exome sequencing to identify variants associated with complex traits has been more challenging, partly because the sample sizes needed for adequate power may be very large. One strategy to increase efficiency is to sequence individuals who are at both ends of a phenotype distribution (those with extreme phenotypes). Because the frequency of alleles that contribute to the trait are enriched in one or both phenotype extremes, a modest sample size can potentially be used to identify novel candidate genes and/or alleles. As part of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Exome Sequencing Project (ESP), we used an extreme phenotype study design to discover that variants in DCTN4, encoding a dynactin protein, are associated with time to first P. aeruginosa airway infection, chronic P. aeruginosa infection and mucoid P. aeruginosa in individuals with cystic fibrosis.     

Single mimivirus particles intercepted and imaged with an X-ray laser

X-ray lasers offer new capabilities in understanding the structure of biological systems, complex materials and matter under extreme conditions. Very short and extremely bright, coherent X-ray pulses can be used to outrun key damage processes and obtain a single diffraction pattern from a large macromolecule, a virus or a cell before the sample explodes and turns into plasma. The continuous diffraction pattern of non-crystalline objects permits oversampling and direct phase retrieval. Here we show that high-quality diffraction data can be obtained with a single X-ray pulse from a non-crystalline biological sample, a single mimivirus particle, which was injected into the pulsed beam of a hard-X-ray free-electron laser, the Linac Coherent Light Source. Calculations indicate that the energy deposited into the virus by the pulse heated the particle to over 100,000?K after the pulse had left the sample. The reconstructed exit wavefront (image) yielded 32-nm full-period resolution in a single exposure and showed no measurable damage. The reconstruction indicates inhomogeneous arrangement of dense material inside the virion. We expect that significantly higher resolutions will be achieved in such experiments with shorter and brighter photon pulses focused to a smaller area. The resolution in such experiments can be further extended for samples available in multiple identical copies.     

桥梁拉索表面缺陷无损检测系统设计

针对国内外对桥梁拉索表面缺陷检测方法的不足,提出了以高速数字信号处理器芯片DM642为核心的桥梁拉索表面缺陷无损检测系统设计方法,并搭建了检测系统硬件平台。检测系统主要包括缺陷图像高速数据采集单元、DM642硬件平台、爬行移动机构和缺陷定位装置。结合数字图像处理算法,在实验平台上对系统设计进行了现场实验验证,大量试验证明该系统具有工作稳定可靠、实时性好、海量存储和无损检测等优点。设计的检测系统技术先进,对目前的桥梁拉索健康检测具有重要的现实意义和实用价值,而且该方法具有较好的通用性,可以推广应用到其它相关的检测领域。     

基于过程模型分析高校实验室安全事故致因

文中针对目前一些高校实验室安全事故调查手段粗放,事故防控流程存在缺陷的问题,提出一种基于事件发生过程的事件与原因因素图表分析法,追溯事故及事故发生的环境状态。通过对典型案例样本进行科学统计分析,结论是高校实验室事故发生主要致因在于人的不安全因素和规章制度管控不力。     

基于时域有限差分法研究含时受迫谐振子相干态问题

基于时域有限差分法研究了在不同外加电场中的谐振子相干态问题,包括恒值电场和余弦电场中的谐振子相干态,讨论了外场的变化对相干态的影响,得到了一些有意义的结果.