世界航天发射运输的发展趋势

 针对世界航天发射运输系统，梳理了国内外发展现状和发展特点，综合对比了国内外航天发射场、运载火箭、火箭发动机的发展现状，并提出了未来发展趋势和展望。提出了低成本进入空间将改变世界航天发展的基本格局，航天远程跨域运输将突破航空领域运输效率的极限，指出了天地往返运输将成为维系空间环境的必然选择，轨道的多样性将催生多样态全域发射能力，同时传统液氧/煤油、液氢/液氧、液氧/甲烷等推进体制的主力运用领域将会迎来重大变革。     

基于作战环的不同节点攻击策略下的作战网络效能评估

基于作战环思想, 以作战网络抽象模型为基础, 围绕作战环的分类、定义、形式化描述、数学模型等基本问题开展了理论研究, 进一步丰富了作战环理论体系。同时, 以能否快速有效打击对方目标实体为根本依据, 建立了基于目标节点打击率和基于目标节点打击效率的作战网络效能评估指标。通过仿真实验, 将作战环相关理论运用于不同节点攻击策略下的作战网络效能评估, 为实际作战体系对抗中双方的攻击与防护提供应用指导, 也为进一步开展基于作战环的作战网络应用研究提供参考借鉴。     

基于改进欧几里得聚类的激光雷达障碍物检测

针对传统的欧氏聚类算法无法同时对近处和远处的障碍物点云进行精准检测和分割,容易造成错检和漏检的情况,提出一种欧氏聚类算法的改进方法,可以根据点云与激光雷达之间的距离动态地选择阈值,从而快速且准确地完成聚类.实验表明:该方法能同时对近处和远处的障碍物点云进行快速且准确的聚类.     

阶次自适应AR等效电路模型的锂电池SOC滑模观测

基于等效电路模型的一类车载动力电池剩余荷电状态(state of charge，SOC)的估算方法，其估算精度高度依赖于模型精度，模型精度又正比于模型复杂度，以至于难以较好地应用于嵌入式控制单元.提出复杂度相对较低、能够自适应确定最优模型阶次的全新等效电路模型——基于阶次自适应AR模型的车载动力电池等效电路灰箱模型.基于此灰箱模型，给出锂离子电池SOC的滑模观测器设计推导及能观性、收敛性证明.结果表明，本文提出的基于阶次自适应AR等效电路灰箱模型的滑模观测器SOC估算方法(adaptive autoregressive-sliding mode observer，AAR-SMO)具有低模型复杂度、高精度、强鲁棒性及快速收敛等性能.     

船舶浅水航行下沉量数值计算

为求解船舶航行中的下沉量,采用NURBS技术对船体进行曲面重构,并应用基于Rankine源格林函数的一阶面元法构造数学模型,然后结合两者得出船舶下沉量的计算方法.以标准船型KCS为例进行验证,计算值与实验值的最大和最小相对误差分别为-10.32％和-1.84％,与实验情况基本相符,说明该算法具有可行性.     

孕早期睡眠时长与午睡频次对妊娠糖尿病的影响

目的探讨孕早期睡眠时长和午睡频次对妊娠糖尿病(GDM)的影响。方法采用病例对照研究设计,选取2018年4月至2019年5月在安徽省妇幼保健院、吉安市妇幼保健院产检的孕妇作为研究对象。通过问卷调查收集研究对象的睡眠和午睡等信息,GDM的诊断来自孕中期常规口服葡萄糖耐量试验结果。结果共纳入500名研究对象,其中病例组196人,对照组304人。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,与睡眠时长7～8.9 h/晚相比,睡眠7、9～9.9、≥10 h/晚的孕妇发生GDM的风险均显著上升;与午睡频次≤5 d/周相比,5 d/周的孕妇发生GDM的风险更高。相比孕早期午睡频率≤5 d/周的孕妇,孕早期睡眠时长不足(7 h/晚)对GDM的影响在午睡频率5 d/周的孕妇中更弱,交互作用具有统计学意义(P=0.002)。结论孕早期睡眠时长、午睡频次均与GDM发病相关,且二者在GDM的发生中存在交互作用。     

联程中转旅客的城市枢纽间换乘行为建模

针对旅客联程运输中旅客中转换乘行为,构建了多项Logit(Multinomial Logit,MNL)模型进行刻画分析.首先,设计了陈述偏好(Stated Preference,SP)调查问卷进行数据采集;其次,基于MNL模型对联程中转旅客的城市枢纽间换乘行为进行建模,并利用Biogeme软件对模型参数进行标定;最后,计算出各方式的分担率并与实际调查结果进行对比分析.结果表明:与出行目的、行李大小等因素相比,联程旅客个人特征(年龄、职业、收入等)的影响最为显著,考虑了旅客个人差异的MNL模型拟合误差在1.5％以内;此外,旅客对交通工具拥挤度、舒适度、班次数量以及准时性的关注程度也影响了其选择行为;联运旅客对时间效率尤为关注,超过50％的联运旅客选择地铁,当公交出行时间下调0％～20％时,可以一定程度上将换乘地铁的联运客流转移至公交上.研究结果对于枢纽间换乘需求预测、多方式协同调度以及提供旅客个性化出行服务具有一定的参考作用.     

Multifunctional artificial nacre via biomimetic matrix-directed mineralization

Natural nacre, one of the most studied biological structural materials with delicate hierarchical structures and extraordinary performance, has inspired the design and fabrication of artificial structural ceramics with high fracture toughness. However, to meet the diverse requirements of different applications, future structural materials must be multifunctional with superior mechanical properties, such as strength, hardness, and toughness. Herein, based on the matrix-directed mineralization method for producing biomimetic structural materials, we introduce nanoparticles with different inherent functions into the platelets of artificial nacre via the co-mineralization of aragonite and the nanoparticles. Besides their enhanced mechanical properties, the obtained artificial nacre materials also exhibit different functions depending on the type of the nanoparticles. To extend the versatility of this strategy, the effects of nanoparticles of different sizes and zeta potentials on mineralization are also analyzed. This universal strategy can be applied to the fabrication of other types of functionalized biomimetic structural ceramics that have potential applications in various fields, such as biomedical science.     

Evolutionary game analysis of low-carbon behavior credit supervision of logistics enterprises

Based on the low-carbon obligation fulfillment of Chinese logistics enterprises, this study constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model to analyze the evolutionary process of the interaction between the local government, logistics enterprises and the public in the process of low-carbon behavior credit supervision. Then using Netlogo software, a parameter simulation experiment is conducted to determine the optimal policy for improving the effect of supervision. The results are as follows: ① The combined influence of the local government and the public can effectively change the strategic choice of enterprises and promote the low-carbon behavior of enterprises. ② In terms of improving the effect of supervision, reducing the cost of government supervision would have a highly significant effect, and reducing the cost of the public would be counterproductive. ③ Increasing the government subsidies to enterprises and the government’s fines to enterprises both have a significant effect, and the effect of improving the former is better. However, increasing the severity of higher-level governments punishing local governments will reduce the stability of the system. ④ Supervision can be more effective by increasing the public’s impact on enterprises’ earnings rather than by increasing government subsidies to the public.     

A Novel Routing Method for Social Delay-Tolerant Networks

The lack of continuous connectivity and a complete path from source to destination makes node communication quite difficult in Delay-Tolerant Networks(DTNs). Most studies focus on routing problems in idealized network environments without considering social properties. Communication devices are carried by individuals in many DTNs; therefore, DTNs are unique social networks to some extent. To design efficient routing protocols for DTNs, it is important to analyze their social properties. In this paper, a more accurate and comprehensive metric for detecting the quality of the relationships between nodes is proposed, by considering the contact time, contact frequency, and contact regularity. An overlapping hierarchical community detection method is designed based on this new metric, and a tree structure is built. Furthermore, we exploit the overlapping community structure and the tree structure to provide message-forwarding paths from the source node to the destination node.The simulation results show that our Routing method based on Overlapping hierarchical Community Detection(ROCD) achieves better delivery rate than SimBet and Bubble Rap, the classic routing protocols, without affecting the average delay.