Attack and Defense Strategies in Complex Networks Based on Game Theory

To investigate the attack and defense strategies in complex networks, the authors propose a two-player zero-sum static game model with complete information which considers attack and defense strategies simultaneously. The authors assume that both the attacker and defender have two typical strategies: Targeted strategy and random strategy. The authors explore the Nash equilibriums of the attacker-defender game and demonstrate that when the attacker's attack resources are not so significantly abundant as the defender's resources, there exists a pure-strategy Nash equilibrium in both model networks and real-world networks, in which the defender protects the hub targets with large degrees preferentially, while the attacker prefers selecting the targets randomly. When the attack resources are much higher than defense resources, both the attacker and the defender adopt the targeted strategy in equilibriums. This paper provides a new theoretical framework for the study of attack and defense strategies in complex networks.     

纯黏土与砂-黏土混合物渗透特性差异及机理分析

根据重塑纯黏土和砂-黏土混合物试样的室内固结试验结果,反演了渗透系数,探讨了纯黏土和砂-黏土混合物的渗透特性差异.试验结果表明:常用于评价纯黏土渗透性状的归一化指标e/eL(孔隙比与液限状态孔隙比的比值)能拓展运用于砂-黏土混合物中,但e/eL与渗透系数之间呈现非线性关系,这显著不同于纯黏土的线性关系,其本质原因在于混合物在压缩过程中形成了砂骨架.骨架形成前,纯黏土和砂-黏土混合物的e/eL与渗透系数的2条关系曲线吻合良好,而在骨架形成后,两者的关系曲线存在明显的差异;引入砂-黏土混合物四相体系,从黏土孔隙比和砂孔隙比的角度阐述了砂骨架的形成机制,且对两者渗透性状的差异性进行了详细的机理解释;最后给出了一种可以预测纯黏土和砂-黏土混合物渗透系数的经验公式.     

基于积分分离式PID控制的耕深调节系统研究

耕作过程中保持耕深稳定是提高耕作质量的重要措施之一.以小型耕耘机的后悬挂旋耕部件为研究对象,提出了一种基于积分分离式PID控制的耕深自动测量和调节的系统,采用双倾角传感器检测耕深,消除了田块自身与绝对水平面倾角的误差影响,通过在误差信号的处理中使用积分分离式PID控制算法,利用Simulink中的SimHydraulic模块对耕深控制系统进行动态仿真研究,与未加入PID控制算法时的仿真结果进行比较,发现几乎消除了系统的耕深超调现象.同时,将响应时间由4.0s左右缩短到1.4s左右,使耕深控制系统的动态响应达到较好的效果.田间试验结果表明,当耕深设定为10cm和16cm时,实测耕深稳定性变异系数分别为6.05%和3.54%,均低于10%,达到了农业机械作业标准所规定的旋耕作业农艺要求.     

Blockage of the NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950 improves anti-tumor immune responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical innate immune pathway responsible for producing active interleukin (IL)-1β, which is associated with tumor development and immunity. However, the mechanisms regulating the inflammatory microenvironment, tumorigenesis and tumor immunity are unclear. Herein, we show that the NLRP3 inflammasome was over-expressed in human HNSCC tissues and that the IL-1β concentration was increased in the peripheral blood of HNSCC patients. Additionally, elevated NLRP3 inflammasome levels were detected in tumor tissues of Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO HNSCC mice, and elevated IL-1β levels were detected in the peripheral blood serum, spleen, draining lymph nodes and tumor tissues. Blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation using MCC950 remarkably reduced IL-1β production in an HNSCC mouse model and reduced the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Moreover, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation increased the numbers of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in HNSCC mice. Notably, the numbers of exhausted PD-1⁺ and Tim3⁺ T cells were significantly reduced. A human HNSCC tissue microarray showed that NLRP3 inflammasome expression was correlated with the expression of CD8 and CD4, the Treg marker Foxp3, the MDSC markers CD11b and CD33, and the TAM markers CD68 and CD163, PD-1 and Tim3. Overall, our results demonstrate that the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway promotes tumorigenesis in HNSCC and inactivation of this pathway delays tumor growth, accompanied by decreased immunosuppressive cell accumulation and an increased number of effector T cells. Thus, inhibition of the tumor microenvironment through the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway may provide a novel approach for HNSCC therapy.     

关于Dirichlet级数的增长性质与值分布

研究了Dirichlet级数f(z)=∑n=0ane-λnz的增长性质与值分布,其中{an}为一复数列,0=0λ<1λ<2λ<…<λn↑ ∞.在和函数与Dirichlet级数的部分和之差的模满足一定限制条件下,给出了和函数的级的估计,以及Julia线存在的宽度的估计.     

高斯白噪声激励下约瑟夫森结的混沌分析

考虑电流噪声的因素,建立了一类高斯白噪声激励下的超导约瑟夫森结动力学模型,并对其混沌特性进行了研究。基于随机Melnikov方法,通过计算该模型的随机Melnikov函数,可得系统在均方差意义下出现Smale马蹄混沌的必要条件,进而讨论了噪声强度对系统混沌行为的影响。结果表明,高斯白噪声激励使原系统更易产生混沌。     

面向终端的移动用户行为可视化分析

该文面向移动门户网站设计实现了一个日志数据统计与挖掘系统,给出了实时的访问用户日志数据与获取的用户群体的网络行为数据的关联机制,实现了定性描述该机制的终端发售事件捕捉功能,建立了用户群体点击预制入口转化率提取模型,用以描述关联效率和价值,并得到了用户群体访问行为的分布。研究工作将为相关运营商提供有益的参考。     

高校医学图书馆学科服务需求调查及对策研究

通过对医学院校教师读者文献信息服务的需求调查,揭示了医学院校学科服务的需求,分析了医学院校图书馆学科服务的现状,提出了医学院校学科服务的模式与方法。     

基于加权复杂网络的公路网等级结构划分

为划分公路网等级,引入复杂网络理论,采用对偶拓扑方法,将公路路线按照路名抽象为节点,考虑路段流量和贯穿度计算节点权重,并基于重力模型得到加权邻接矩阵,通过Matlab编程计算节点重要度指标、紧密度指标、介数指标,采用变异系数法计算节点综合指标权重,以规划年路网总里程为控制量筛选得到满足里程要求的节点;最后对所筛选出的节点采取模糊聚类,进行公路网等级划分.研究结果表明:应用复杂网络理论进行公路网等级划分,不仅能够得出各等级公路里程,并且能够得出各等级公路的空间分布情况,为未来公路网等级的提升提供参考.