超高相对分子质量聚丙烯腈溶解的研究

通过自制力矩测量仪测量溶胀和溶解过程中超高相对分子质量聚丙烯腈－溶剂混合体系力矩随温度变化情况，采取阶段升温的方法，选择力－温度曲线中力矩开始上升处所对应温度为恒温温度，制得均匀的超高相对分子质量聚丙烯腈（含固量5％）浆液。还初步讨论了力矩峰出现的原因。     

ELECTRON BEAM PRE-RADIATION-INDUCED GRAFT POLYMERIZATION WITH UHMWPE FIBERS

In order to improve the surface adhesion of high strength and high modulus poluethylene (PE)fibers with epoxy resin,graft polymerization of some monomers by electron beam(EB)pre-radia-tion was performed on the surtacc of PE fibers.In the paper,the Van de Graft accelerator waschosen as a radiation resource.And we found from our studies that no sensitizer was needed in EBpre-radiation polymerization under the atmosphere of N_2,and acrylic acid was most effective inthe polymerization of methyl methacrylate,acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.The degree of graftincreased with the enhancing of pre-radiation dose,reaction temperature and reaction time.Acetone and benzene were effective solvents for acrylic acid.Oligomer which exists during thepolymerization could be removed by washing with benzene.Grafted fiber was analyzed by SEMand ATR-IR and it was confirmed that some polar groups were introduced to the surface of PE fi-ber.The tensile strength of PE fibers did not decrease greatly when pre-radiation dose was lessthan 1.56×10~4 Gy.     

萃取干燥处理对UHMW-PE冻胶丝拉伸性能的影响

为了改善 UHMW—PE 冻胶丝的拉伸性能,本文对 UHMW—PE 冻胶丝的萃取和干燥工艺条件进行了研究.结果表明冻胶丝的最大拉伸倍数依赖于萃取和干燥条件,如:萃取剂、干燥过程中的限制收缩率、干燥温度和干燥时间.在萃取和干燥过程中的过量收缩会引起冻胶丝内部缺陷的产生,导致冻胶丝可拉伸性的恶化.本文以最优化实验,获得了以溶剂汽油为萃取剂对冻胶丝处理的最佳萃取和干燥条件是:多次萃取和5%限制收缩干燥.经最佳实验条件处理的冻胶丝在超高倍拉伸过程中是稳定的,并可制得强度为37.3cN/dtex 和模量为1731.0cN/dtex 的长丝.     

VAPOR PHASE PHOTOGRAFTING OF ACRYLIC ACID ON PE FIBERS

The surface of high strength and high modulus polyethylene (PE) fiber has been modified bygrafting with acrylic acid.Benzophenone and acrylic acid in vapor phase were UV-irradiated in thepresence of the PE tiber substrate.Grafting with acrylic acid took place in a thin layer on the sur-face,thus increasing the surface adhesion of PE fiber with epoxy resin.This paper dealt withphoto-polymerization reactions including the role of photoinitiator.The degree of graft increasedwith the enhancing of reaction time,reaction temperature and concentration of initiator.Acetonewas used as carriers of monomer and tiator and able to initiate and promote grafting to the sur-face.ATR-IR and SEM measurements on the grafted surface showed that some polar groups wereintroduced to the surface of PE fibers.Oligomer which existed during the polymerization could beremoved by washing with benzene.     

萃取干燥处理对UHMW-PE冻胶丝结构的影响

利用最优化实验,获得了最佳萃取和干燥条件:以溶剂汽油为萃取剂对冻胶丝进行多次萃取和5%限制收缩干燥.以扫描电子显微镜、声速测定仪、X—射线衍射仪和 DSC 分析对萃取和干燥处理后冻胶丝的结构进行了研究.结果表明萃取和干燥处理后冻胶丝收缩导致其结构的变化,冻胶丝的密度、非结晶区大分子的取向随萃取次数的增加而提高,结晶度则随之下降.经最佳萃取和干燥处理之后冻胶丝的超拉伸性得到改善.     

高强高模聚乙烯纤维电子预辐照接枝反应的研究

为了改善高强高模聚乙烯纤维(PE)与环氧树脂的粘接性,通过电子预辐照接枝工艺对PE纤维表面进行改性。试验发现,在N_2气氛下电子预辐照接枝反应工艺并不需要引发剂,随着预辐照剂量、反应温度和反应时间的增加,反应接枝率增加;丙烯酸是较好的接枝单体,丙酮与苯是较好的反应溶剂,反应结束后PE纤维表面上的均聚物可以用苯来去除;当预辐照剂量低于1.56×10~4Gy时,对纤维拉伸强度影响不大,而SEM和ATR—IR分析证实了PE纤维表面上有极性基团的存在。