黑客能否侵入飞机系统

前不久,美国一位航空安全专家克里斯·罗伯茨在推特上发消息称,他能轻松入侵联合航空公司飞机的娱乐系统.这一消息引起了美国联邦调查局的注意,随后克里斯·罗伯茨也被联邦调查局扣押,并被联合航空公司禁止乘坐所有该公司的航班.尽管在航空安全界看来,联邦调查局和联合航空公司的举动有些反应过度.不过,根据联邦调查局公布的口供书,罗伯茨承认自己曾经在飞机飞行中侵入过系统,使飞机稍稍地偏移了航程.这一消息让公众感到了深深的不安,一位专业的安全研究人员怎么能在空中就进行一场未授权的飞机网络安全测试呢?     

新技术引发伦理争议

<正>2014年10月,英国政府要求生育管理机构,对来自中国的新生婴儿进行研究调查。该研究采用了一种微创形式的试管婴儿技术,能降低新生儿出生缺陷的风险。英国人类受精和胚胎管理局(HFEA)称,其中采用的技术"很有前景",而且与现有技术相比     

可注射疫苗在体内自发抗癌

<正>癌症致命的原因之一是癌细胞能避开人体免疫系统的攻击,肿瘤也因此得以肆意生长和扩散。为此科学家尝试利用免疫疗法,诱导免疫系统对癌细胞发起进攻并建立持续的免疫抵抗机制,其中哈佛大学维斯生物工程研究所和哈佛大学工程与应用科学学院的研究者们就展示了一种新的方法。这是一种非手术注射的可编程生物材料,能够在人体内自发地组装成三维结构,对抗甚至帮助预防癌症和类似艾滋病的传染病。研究作者、维斯研究所核心成员、哈佛大学工程与应     

硬线控制冷却工艺

研究了影响硬线性能的主要工艺参数，这些参数是决定线材最终产品质量的关键，并初步讨论了其影响规律。     

惯性导航系统水平阻尼网络的自适应控制

当海况变化较大时，惯性导航系统(INS)的误差振荡幅度较大．为了减小系统误差的振荡幅度，提出了一种新的设计思想，采用自适应控制方法，根据实际的海况变化情况，实时校正阻尼参数，使由舰船的机动性造成的系统误差最小．结果表明，与传统方法相比，水平误差角振荡幅度减小了约50％，速度误差振荡幅度减小了约30％．经度、纬度和航向误差振荡幅度也有明显改善；水平阻尼网络的自适应控制有效地改善了INS的动态性能．     

一种基于随机进程代数的软件性能预测方法

性能是软件系统的内在属性之一,主要取决于体系结构选择和软件设计.基于模型的性能预测方法可以在软件开发完毕前得到性能需求满足情况的评价,也可帮助系统进行性能规划和调优.使用随机进程代数PEPA对J2EE应用交互过程进行了建模,该模型描绘了远程调用过程和容器处理过程的细节,能有效反映分布式应用中影响性能的主要因素.基于PEPA模型提出了一种面向COTS系统的性能预测方法,并可用于指导改进系统的响应性和可伸缩性.通过一个J2EE实例验证了方法的有效性.     

Phytanic acid impairs mitochondrial respiration through protonophoric action

Refsum disease is a rare, inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by accumulation of the dietary branched-chain fatty acid phytanic acid in plasma and tissues caused by a defect in the alphaoxidation pathway. The accumulation of phytanic acid is believed to be the main pathophysiological cause of the disease. However, the exact mechanism(s) by which phytanic acid exerts its toxicity have not been resolved. In this study, the effect of phytanic acid on mitochondrial respiration was investigated. The results show that in digitonin-permeabilized fibroblasts, phytanic acid decreases ATP synthesis, whereas substrate oxidation per se is not affected. Importantly, studies in intact fibroblasts revealed that phytanic acid decreases both the mitochondrial membrane potential and NAD(P)H autofluorescence. Taken together, the results described here show that unesterified phytanic acid exerts its toxic effect mainly through its protonophoric action, at least in human skin fibroblasts. Received 4 August 2007; received after revision 26 September 2007; accepted 10 October 2007 J. C. Komen, F. Distelmaier: These authors contributed equally to this work.     

Modulation of protein biophysical properties by chemical glycosylation: biochemical insights and biomedical implications

Glycosylation constitutes one of the most important posttranslational modifications employed by biological systems to modulate protein biophysical properties. Due to the direct biochemical and biomedical implications of achieving control over protein stability and function by chemical means, there has been great interest in recent years towards the development of chemical strategies for protein glycosylation. Since current knowledge about glycoprotein biophysics has been mainly derived from the study of naturally glycosylated proteins, chemical glycosylation provides novel insights into its mechanistic understanding by affording control over glycosylation parameters. This review presents a survey of the effects that natural and chemical glycosylation have on the fundamental biophysical properties of proteins (structure, dynamics, stability, and function). This is complemented by a mechanistic discussion of how glycans achieve such effects and discussion of the implications of employing chemical glycosylation as a tool to exert control over protein biophysical properties within biochemical and biomedical applications. Received 15 December 2006; received after revision 28 March 2007; accepted 25 April 2007     

从诗歌形象化特点谈诗歌赏析

要赏析诗歌,更好理解诗歌思想内容,应从诗歌形象化特点出发.本文从对不同类型的诗歌的分析中,论述了这种观点.     

A genome-wide association study for celiac disease identifies risk variants in the region harboring IL2 and IL21

We tested 310,605 SNPs for association in 778 individuals with celiac disease and 1,422 controls. Outside the HLA region, the most significant finding (rs13119723; P = 2.0 x 10(-7)) was in the KIAA1109-TENR-IL2-IL21 linkage disequilibrium block. We independently confirmed association in two further collections (strongest association at rs6822844, 24 kb 5' of IL21; meta-analysis P = 1.3 x 10(-14), odds ratio = 0.63), suggesting that genetic variation in this region predisposes to celiac disease.