风云气象卫星天气应用回顾和展望

 近50年来，我国风云气象卫星从无到有、从弱到强，迄今为止已成功发射19颗风云系列气象卫星，现有8颗在轨运行，形成极轨、静止2个系列化、业务化的综合观测网。伴随着卫星所搭载仪器载荷的升级和观测能力的提升，风云气象卫星在天气监测方法和技术也实现了稳步发展。回顾了风云气象卫星和卫星气象学的发展，综述了气象卫星在天气应用方面的发展历程，特别是更新换代的变化在天气应用中的进展。围绕未来需求和风云卫星未来技术发展方向，展望了卫星天气应用的前景和发展趋势。     

多级孔板提高井筒气体携液能力实验研究

气井生产时，井底积液会影响气井产量，甚至导致气井停产。加入泡沫剂、更换小直径油管或氮气举升等措施排出井底积液是保证气井生产的重要手段，但造成液体回流的井筒结构并没有变化。改变适合于单相流体的均一井筒结构，降低气液两相流中液体在井筒的回流，提高气体携液能力，形成适用于气液两相流的井筒结构，可以改善气井生产。实验设计了安装于管筒内的类似于倒置漏斗形的多级孔板装置，以井底气体为动能，借助“爬楼梯”原理，利用孔板减少或阻止液体回流，使液体通过多级孔板逐级上升；实验利用气体压缩机提供气源，测试了不同气体流速下，加入孔板对于气体和泡沫携液能力的影响。实验表明，在管筒内加入液体回流限制装置，大幅度地提高了管筒的气体携液能力和排液效果，减少了管筒液体回流量，降低了气体排液和泡沫排液的气体流速临界值。多级孔板可用于气井增产，能够提高气体携液能力，提高泡沫携液效果，降低泡沫剂的使用量和井底残液，但在实际生产中气体流量和装置的匹配性，还有待于在现场试验中进一步验证和优化。     

The effects of the non-breaking surface wave-induced vertical mixing on the forecast of tropical cyclone tracks

The Weather Research and Forecasting model(WRF)is configured for the region of(15°–41°N,105°–135°E),which covers the same area with the MASNUM(Key Lab.Marine ScienceNumerical Modeling,State Oceanic Administration)wave-tide-circulation coupled operational forecast system.Three numerical experiments are implemented to investigate the effects of the real-time forecasted sea surface temperature(SST)and the nonbreaking wave-induced vertical mixing(Bv)on the track forecast of all 33 tropical cyclones(TC)in the model domain area during 2008 and 2011.The first experiment employs NCEP FNL(NCEP final analysis)SST as WRF’s bottom condition as the Control run,which is also the default setup of WRF.The second and third experiments use real-time forecasted SST from the MASNUM forecast system with and without Bv,respectively.The forecasted track results are compared with Japan Meteorological Agency’s best track data.For 24-h forecast,the averaged TC position error of Experiment with Bv is reduced by 9%compared to the Control experiment,while the forecasted track error of Experiment without Bv is reduced by only2%compared to the Control experiment.For the 48-h forecast,the averaged track errors are reduced by 10%and6%with Bv and without Bv compared to the Control experiment,respectively.These results suggest that the real-time forecasted SST can improve the performance of WRF in forecasting TC track,and the Bv plays an important role in reducing the forecast error of TC track.Comparatively,Bv can improve more on the track of stronger TC.     

液固流化床粗煤泥分选机理与应用研究

粗煤泥分选问题成为影响精煤产率提高的主要瓶颈.液固流化床分选机的分选原理能够吻合粗煤泥本身的粒度范围窄、需要低密度分选的特点,是一种结构简单、分选效果较好的新技术.本文分析了我国粗煤泥分选的现状及存在的问题,指出TBS干扰床分选机处理粗煤泥的优势.阐述了颗粒特性、流体性质等对分选效果的影响,提出了在试验过程中加大对上升...     

Gas-liquid phase coexistence and finite-size effects in a two-dimensional Lennard-Jones system

The gas-liquid phase coexistence in a two-dimensional Lennard-Jones system is investigated using Maxwell construction method together with molecular dynamics simulations.The results of phase coexistence in different truncations of the potential are compared with data obtained from the literature,and the corresponding critical properties calculated.The crossover from Ising-like to mean field behavior is observed and confirmed as the temperature approaches the critical point from below.Performing simulations on systems with different sizes,we find that a finite size effect is more significant than those shown in most of the previous results,and a lower critical temperature is obtained when the full extent of this finite size effect is considered.     

基于浙江省台风灾害保险数据的农村住房易损性评价

利用浙江省农业政策性保险试点项目中的农村住房保险及理赔数据,定量分析了浙江省2007年圣帕、韦帕及罗莎3场台风灾害期间农村住房投保金额、赔付金额、保额损失率的分县汇总数据,以及与这3场台风的极大风速、过程降水量等致灾因子强度的定量关系.研究发现,浙江省农村住房的台风灾害保险金额损失率,其对数与过程降雨量有着很好的线性相关关系.依据这一关系,建立了浙江省农村住房台风易损性方程并给出相关参数.     

提高矿井废水处理能力配套技术的研究及工程应用

基于对山西晋煤集团赵庄煤矿矿井水处理厂原处理系统设计参数存在不足的分析,根据赵庄煤矿的现状,确定采用新型旋流澄清净水装置＋过滤＋超滤等工艺。本工艺使用后,处理水量由原来的6000m3/d提高到12000m3/d;SS去除率由原来的65%提高到90%以上,基本解决了目前赵庄煤矿矿井水处理厂处理能力不足的问题。     

Sea surface temperature east of Australia： A predictor of tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific？

The relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) east of Australia and tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific (WNPTCF) is analyzed by use of observation data.The WNPTCF from June to October is correlated negatively to spring SST east of Australia.When the spring SST is in the positive phase,a cyclonic circulation anomaly in the upper troposphere and an anticyclonic circulation anomaly in the lower troposphere prevail over the western North Pacific from June to October,concurrent with an anomalous atmospheric subsidence and an enlarged vertical zonal wind shear.These conditions are unfavorable for tropical cyclone genesis,and thus WNPTCF decreases.The negative phase of the spring SST east of Australia leads to more tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific.The spring SST east of Australia may give rise to simultaneous change in tropical atmospheric circulation via the teleconnection wave train,and then subsequently affect atmospheric circulation variation over the western North Pacific.     

基于分隔符和上下文术语的领域现象术语抽取

领域现象术语常常是复合型短语,很难根据局部上下文特征用传统的机器学习方法来抽取.为此,文中提出了一种领域现象术语的抽取方法.该方法首先用基于上下文的方法抽取得到分隔符集,然后结合分隔符集和上下文术语用改进的NC -value算法进行候选领域现象术语抽取,最后在候选领域现象术语中过滤掉名词性术语,进而得到最终结果.实验表...     

双进口方形分离器气固流动特性的数值模拟

采用RSM湍流模型对双进口方形分离器的气相流场进行数值模拟,得到了分离器内的速度场和压力分布;同时采用拉格朗日模型对方形分离器内固体颗粒的轨迹进行模拟。结果表明:双进口方形分离器内速度场和压力场的对称性较好但气流旋转强度不大且容易衰减;不同粒径、不同位置入射的颗粒轨迹有较大差异,细颗粒入射时分离器内容易形成气流短路现象,颗粒靠近分离器顶部入射时分离器内容易造成上灰环现象,给方形分离器的分离效率带来了不利的因素。将方形分离器筒体的四角改为切形倒角,可以很好地改善分离器的流场,并能有效提高分离器分离效率。