基于背景插值的空空导弹攻击区在线模拟方法

针对空战态势迅速变化对空空导弹攻击区模拟实时性的需求,提出基于背景插值的攻击区在线模拟方法。首先预测下一采样时刻态势,并针对预测态势模拟解算攻击区信息;当下一采样时刻到来时,利用攻击区预测值和先前两次攻击区模拟信息及相应的态势记录插值估计攻击区真实值。背景插值方法将攻击区模拟解算放到先前计算周期中,实时性高。理论分析证明了背景插值误差随着采样时间的减小收敛于零。仿真结果表明,背景插值模拟方法的误差与传统攻击区模拟方法相当,而前者平均可在7.16×10^-6s内给出结果,后者平均计算耗时为0.290 s。     

基于变量选择-神经网络模型的复杂路网短时交通流预测

摘要： 针对传统交通流预测模型正在由单断面历史数据处理向多断面、多时刻历史数据处理转变,但在考虑各断面间的影响时,多变的交通状况往往会使预测模型复杂化的问题,引入一种多元线性回归最小绝对收缩和选择算子方法(Lasso),并利用其优秀的变量选择能力,在复杂路网多断面中选出相关性较高的断面；结合神经网络(NN)的非线性特性,提出了Lasso NN组合模型.结果表明：Lasso NN模型在路网交叉口对未来15 min交通流数据预测的误差率低于9.2%；在非交叉口的误差率低于6.7%,总体优于各自单独使用得出的结果.     

Neural network structure identification in inflation forecasting

Neural networks (NNs) are appropriate to use in time series analysis under conditions of unfulfilled assumptions, i.e., non‐normality and nonlinearity. The aim of this paper is to propose means of addressing identified shortcomings with the objective of identifying the NN structure for inflation forecasting. The research is based on a theoretical model that includes the characteristics of demand‐pull and cost‐push inflation; i.e., it uses the labor market, financial and external factors, and lagged inflation variables. It is conducted at the aggregate level of euro area countries from January 1999 to January 2017. Based on the estimated 90 feedforward NNs (FNNs) and 450 Jordan NNs (JNNs), which differ in variable parameters (number of iterations, learning rate, initial weight value intervals, number of hidden neurons, and weight value of the context unit), the mean square error (MSE), and the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) are calculated for two periods: in‐the‐sample and out‐of‐sample. Ranking NNs simultaneously on both periods according to either MSE or AIC does not lead to the selection of the ‘best’ NN because the optimal NN in‐the‐sample, based on MSE and/or AIC criteria, often has high out‐of‐sample values of both indicators. To achieve the best compromise solution, i.e., to select an optimal NN, the preference ranking organization method for enrichment of evaluations (PROMETHEE) is used. Comparing the optimal FNN and JNN, i.e., FNN(4,5,1) and JNN(4,3,1), it is concluded that under approximately equal conditions, fewer hidden layer neurons are required in JNN than in FNN, confirming that JNN is parsimonious compared to FNN. Moreover, JNN has a better forecasting performance than FNN.     

工业机器人绝对定位误差补偿技术研究进展

 针对航空制造业中工业机器人存在实际位姿与理论位姿偏差的问题，分析了工业机器人绝对定位误差来源，解析其对飞机零部件连接性能产生的影响，在工业机器人绝对定位误差补偿原理和主要步骤分析基础上，阐述运动学建模、位姿测量、运动学参数误差辨识以及误差补偿等关键步骤对工业机器人绝对定位误差补偿的作用及重要性，对比分析了国内外学者在该步骤中涉及的主流算法和技术，归纳总结各步骤中存在的问题和可能的解决方案，探讨了工业机器人离线与在线误差补偿技术中的不足之处，指出工业机器人绝对定位误差补偿技术的发展趋势。     

Redefinition of Nipponbathynella based on the four new species from East Asia (Crustacea: Bathynellacea: Parabathynellidae)

Four new species of the parabathynellid genus Nipponbathynella Schminke, 1973 are described from South Korea (Nipponbathynella leesookyungae sp. nov., Nipponbathynella donggangensis sp. nov. and Nipponbathynella wanjuensis sp. nov.) and Japan (Nipponbathynella shigaensis sp. nov.), raising the number of known species to seven. Nipponbathynella leesookyungae is characterized by the convex ventral surface of the labrum and the rich ornamentation (with three spinules and two teeth) of the exopod of male thoracopod VIII; N. donggangensis by the distal spine on the distal maxillular segment with many dentils; N. wanjuensis by the endopod of the male thoracopod VIII with one seta (instead of two) and the serrated endopodal spur of the uropod; and N. shigaensis by the basipod of thoracopods II–VII carrying strong hairs on their outer margin. The three new and one known (Nipponbathynella pectina) South Korean species share a bur-like inner lobe of the male thoracopod VIII, suggesting their close relationship. Based on the one-segmented exopod on thoracopod I and two-segmented exopod on the thoracopods II–VII, the bell-shaped male thoracopod VIII and the uropod with sympod carrying a large distal spine in addition to several proximal spines of smaller size, with endopod drawn into a spur and with exopod carrying a seta, a close phylogenetic relationship between Nipponbathynella and Arisubathynella Park and Eun, 2012 is proposed.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9650379F-C249-473C-AAA4-B3D638B96322     

You are what you eat: native versus exotic Crotalaria species (Fabaceae) as host plants of the Ornate Bella Moth,Utetheisa ornatrix (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae)

Crotalaria plants and Utetheisa ornatrix are closely linked to each other: the larvae destroy the seeds, while the moth depends on hostplants for alkaloids. To better understand the ongoing co-evolution, the present study examines how native hostplants compare to exotic ones. Leaf-feeding on Crotalaria pumila, C. rotundifolia, and C. incana, native to the moth’s range, led to faster larval development than on the exotic C. lanceolata, C. spectabilis, and C. pallida. Seed-feeding on all species of Crotalaria led to accelerated larval development and a resultant larger adult moth, and correlates with a higher nitrogen content in the plant tissues. These results add a novel dimension to the previous studies of reproductive biology of this model organism. In controlled settings, mature larvae showed preference for leaves of C. spectabilis over those of other species, perhaps due to the higher alkaloid content. Differences in morphology and phenology of Crotalaria determine the ecology of U. ornatrix populations in Florida. The introduction of novel hostplants, on which U. ornatrix can have a significant negative effect and which are of concern to humans as invasive toxic weeds, has greatly expanded the niche occupied by this moth. Possible co-evolution of Utetheisa sensu lato and plant defences in the genus Crotalaria is discussed.     

基于有符号移位序列的零相关区互补序列集交织构造方法

提出有符号的移位序列,将移位序列分为移位和符号两部分,并基于此提出一种零相关区互补序列集的交织构造方法.该方法利用完备互补序列对作为初始序列,根据初始序列与移位序列长度的关系分2种情况构造移位序列.第1种情况,二者长度互素,分析并证明移位序列中未引入与引入1个、2个负号后新序列对相关函数的分布情况,提出当移位序列长度为3时,获得完备互补序列集的方法;第2种情况,移位序列长度被初始序列长度整除,当移位序列长度为偶数时,提出获得完备互补序列集的方法.实例仿真证明了以上构造的有效性.     

热输入对Q420FRE钢焊接热影响区组织和力学性能的影响

采用全自动埋弧焊法研究不同热输入对智能型耐火钢Q420FRE焊接热影响区微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着焊接热输入的增大,熔合线及粗晶区组织没有明显粗化,组织类型及组成也没产生明显变化,均由粒状贝氏体和少量针状铁素体组成;细晶区组织为铁素体和珠光体;未相变区组织为粒状贝氏体和针状铁素体。随着热输入的增加,在热影响区Q420FRE钢表现出一定程度的软化,软化区域向母材方向推移并稍有扩大。热影响区Q420FRE钢的高温屈服强度和拉伸强度以及低温冲击韧性随焊接热输入的增加而降低,而其低温冲击韧性在-40℃低温下仍保持在240~330J的高水平。     

一种基于倾斜投影的图像分析方法

将Pyt'ev形态学中基于倾斜投影的绝对形状和相对形状的模型推广到3个图像空间,并运用投影算子建立了3个图像空间的绝对形状和相对形状的相关理论.在此基础上对不同图像的形状进行了相关性和独立性分析,得出了有关3个图像空间的相对形状的独立指数和绝对形状的连通指数,这为图像形状的分析比较及图像识别提供了有效的工具.     

低合金超高强度钢跨尺度疲劳失效行为分析

为了研究40CrNi2Si2MoVA低合金超高强度钢的跨尺度疲劳失效行为,以约束应力区描述材料的损伤过程,以跨尺度应变能密度因子作为疲劳裂纹扩展的控制参量,建立宏微观跨尺度疲劳裂纹扩展统一模型。采用上述模型,利用光滑试样(应力集中系数Kt=1)的试验S-N曲线,拟合出疲劳模型中的材料参数。当考虑材料微结构对疲劳寿命的影响时,该模型可精确再现出疲劳试验数据的发散特性。利用该模型对不同应力集中系数下(Kt=2,3)含缺口试样的疲劳寿命进行了预测,理论计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。研究结果表明,合金钢材料的初始缺陷及微结构的演化特性,对疲劳寿命有显著影响,是疲劳试验数据发散的主要原因。