AZ91D镁合金表面环保型钙系磷化膜的制备及其耐蚀性

采用化学转化处理的方法,在AZ91D镁合金的表面制备了均匀致密的钙系磷化膜,其中磷化液配方中不含铬、氟及亚硝酸盐等对环境有害的离子.通过场发射扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪研究了磷化时间及温度对磷化膜结构和相组成的影响.结果表明：磷化时间为20 min,磷化温度为40℃时,所得到的磷化膜的致密性和均匀性较好.与空白基体相比,经磷化处理后的镁合金在3.5 ％NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能明显提高.     

Review of galactic and extragalactic searches for class I methanol masers

Class I methanol masers are important tools for investigations of star formation throughout the Universe. Recently, a series of surveys for class I methanol masers at the 95 GHz transition toward samples of young stellar objects have been undertaken. These surveys have resulted in the detection of about 200 new class I methanol masers and combined with previous increased the number of known observations they have class I methanol masers in our Galaxy to ~400. From analysis of the relationship between class I methanol maser emission and associated astrophysical objects, it has been shown that the intensity of the class I methanol maser emission is closely correlated with the properties of the 1.1 mm Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey （BGPS） dust continuum sources and outflow properties. This further supports the hypothesis that class I methanol masers are collisionally pumped and excited in shocked regions. Based on these observations, it can be inferred that the BGPS catalog is likely to provide more reliable samples for targeting further class I methanol maser searches. A new survey for class I methanol masers toward a larger size sample of BGPS sources to test this is currently underway. The prospects for detecting class I methanol megamasers in extragalactic sources is discussed, and observations constituting the first sensitive search have been proposed.     

Hydrothermal synthesis,structures and properties of metal phosphonates based on m-xylylenediphosphonic acid

In this work, a series of new metal phosphonates were hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized based on m-xylylenediphosphonic acids （H4L）, including [M（H2L）（bpy）] （M = Mn 1, Co 2）, [MH2L）（phen）] （M = Co 3, Cu 4）, and [Cu2（H2L）2（bpy＂）2] 5 （bpy = 2,2＇-bipyfidine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bpy＂ = 4,4＇-dimethyl-2,2＇- bipyridine）. X-ray diffraction indicated that compounds 1 and 2 were isomorphic. Complexes 3 and 4 were shown to crystallize in different space groups but had similar crystallographic units. In the complexes, H4L was seen to partially deprotonate to afford H2L^2-. The H2L^2- ligands in 1-4 functioned as tetradentate ligands with each phosphonate group adopting bidentate coordination mode with two M centers to generate a 2D layer. In addition, the H2L^2- anions in 5 functioned as tfidentate ligands with one phosphonate group adopting the bidentate mode and another phosphonate group adopting the monodentate mode, thus linking three Cu atoms to provide a 1D chain. The IR and thermal stabilities of these compounds were subsequently examined.     

Progress in the research of radical anion ligands and their complexes

Recent progress in the research of radical anion ligands and their complexes with metals were summarized in this review. Radical anions were sorted into several types including iminosemiquinonate and iminoquinonate radical, nitroxide radical, heterocycle radical etc. Structural characteristics and properties of the corresponding complexes were introduced. The complexes exhibited novel properties and possibility for applications in organic magnetic materials and transition metal catalysis.     

Progress of transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling mediated by PyBroP

In the transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, phenol and enol derivatives activated by phos- phorus groups are very important electrophiles. This kind of compounds has the advantages of easy preparation, great stability, and producing more benign phosphorus by-pro- ducts. The present work provides a comprehensive review of the advances made over the past several decades in this area. Cross-coupling reactions mediated by PyBroP are first surveyed, then two types of recently developed tran- sition metal-catalyzed reactions, i.e., Pd-catalyzed and Ni- catalyzed reactions, and the corresponding mechanisms are discussed. Finally, future directions are analyzed.     

金属热容量与温度关系的实验测定及理论研究

测量了铜、铁和铝在55~200℃范围内的热容量.基于爱因斯坦和德拜固体热容理论模型,利用Matlab软件对实验数据进行了模拟和处理,得到了3种金属的热容量与温度的关系曲线.结果发现,在实验误差允许范围内,实验结果与爱因斯坦理论和德拜理论都具有较好的一致性.     

当汽车回归纯粹 地域性决定价值观

正众所周知,欧美的汽车业历史可以追溯到百年以前,汽车工业的"石器时代"便是发生在欧美,这期间打响过世界大战,汽车工业的从兴盛走向衰落又走向平稳,多少品牌倒在历史长河中,现在还能看见的品牌大多是经历过多次变革、分拆、重组等情况才能生存至今的。汽车在欧美,早已沉淀为一种文化,而同时,它又回归到最纯粹的功能——代步。"汽车对于欧美人来说,基本就是一种代步工具,车的实用性是欧美家庭购车的首要条件。"多年往返于美欧两国的Kelvin,非常熟悉欧美人的用车模式,此次视频采访,Kelvin给我们详细讲述了在欧美两国的用车体会。代步才是欧美人买车的主要诉求"中小型车在欧洲的占有率非常高,相反大排量高油耗的车就相对比较少。我周围的欧洲朋友买车时考虑用途、家庭成员数和使用频率。购车用途直接决定了车型是商务型还是家用型,是奢华型还是经济型。而家庭成员数则与所购车型的车座数有关,欧洲没有计划生育,一个家庭里     

惯性史话

<正>不久前,有人提出了一个"奇思妙想":选一个无风的日子,乘坐气球在高空观看大地向东移动,以此来环游世界。这是否可行呢?显然不行,因为世界上无时无处不存在着"惯性"。当有人乘坐气球离开地球表面时,由于惯性,人和气球同样以地球自转的速度运动着。他在高空往下看到的还是出发的地面,而不能环游世界。     

负载Dawson结构磷钨酸催化剂及其在有机反应中应用研究进展

Wells－Dawson型磷钨酸（ H6 P2 W18 O62（ HP2 W）是一种具有超强酸性和显著稳定性的绿色环保型催化剂,可以代替传统催化剂HF, HCl, H2 SO4在均相和非均相中发生反应,比Keggin型磷钨酸H3 PW12 O40（ HPW）催化活性还高。综述了近几年利用不同载体制备负载Dawson型磷钨酸催化剂的方法及其在催化有机反应中的研究现状,并对新型载体金属有机骨架和负载Dawson型磷钨酸未来的发展前景进行了展望。     

探讨含过渡金属配合物的合成、晶体结构及性质

随着时代的进步和社会经济的发展,多金属氧酸盐得到了较为广泛的应用,这是因为在诸多的领域内,它所表现出来的性质都比较的优异,如催化化学、药物化学、分析化学等,受到了人们的关注和重视。在很多的文献中已经研究了含过渡金属配合物修饰的多金属氧酸盐的合成、晶体结构和性质,本文结合以往的研究结果,进行了深入的探讨。