微波加热法所制Ag/Cu双金属纳米粒子的表征及其抗菌性能分析

以AgNO_3和Cu(CH_3COO)_2·H_2O为前驱体,PVP为分散剂,分别以乙醇和乙二醇为还原剂,采用微波加热法制备Ag/Cu双金属纳米粒子,利用XRD、TEM、XPS等技术对其进行表征,并分析反应温度、n(Ag~+)∶n(Cu~(2+))等因素对Ag/Cu双金属纳米粒子微观形貌及抗菌性能的影响。结果表明,以乙二醇为还原剂,当反应温度为169℃、n(Ag~+)∶n(Cu~(2+))为4∶1时,所制Ag/Cu双金属纳米粒子粒径小且分散均匀,粒子粒径在20~60nm范围内,并呈现出各种多面体结构,其对大肠杆菌具有良好的抗菌效果。     

球状和低轴比棒状碳酸钡纳米微粒的制备

测定了TritonX-100-n-C6H13OH(简称T／H)、Ba(NO3)2水溶液和c-C6H12组成体系的稳定水／油(W／O)微乳液相区域，采用该微乳液体系制备碳酸钡纳米微粒，研究了影响碳酸钡微粒形态和大小的因素，并用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和差热分析(DTA)手段对所得样品进行表征．结果表明所得样品是由 BaCO3组成的纳米材料，通过调控Ba(NO3)2水溶液的浓度和pH值，可以获得球状、小轴比棒状的碳酸钡纳米微粒．     

MNi4.8Sn0.2（M=La, Nd）-supported multi-walled carbon nanotube composites as hydrogen storage materials

Two composites LaNi4.8Sn0.2/CNTs and NdNi4.8Sn0.2/CNTs were prepared by an impregnation-reduction method. Their hydrogen storage capacity could reach up to 2.96 wt% and 2.88 wt% respectively at room temperature and 1.0 MPa pressure. These values, which might result from the synergetic effect between the alloy nanoparticles and the pretreated CNTs, were three times higher than those of the unsupported MNi4.8Sn0.2 (M=La, Nd) alloys under the same conditions. XRD and TEM revealed that the alloy particles were uniformly dispersed on the CNTs and the average particle size was ca. 30 nm. The composites also showed good stability and the hydrogen storage capacity decreased by less than 6% after 100 adsorption-desorption cycles. Moreover, no noticeable change in crystalline structure was observed for the composites.     

Preparation of Functional Polymeric Microspheres

1 Introduction Because of the wide applications in the area of biomedical and biotechnological fields, a great efforts have been done to fabricate different kinds of microspheres with tailored structural and surface properties over the last decade~([1]). Among them, stimuli responsive microspheres are microspheres that show ability to change their physical-chemical properties and colloidal properties in response to environmental stimuli such as changes of temperature, pH, chemicals, light, ele…     

新型银-二氧化硅核-壳型复合纳米粒子的合成与表征

利用正四甲氧基硅在微乳液介质中的水解反应合成新型银 -二氧化硅核 -壳型复合纳米粒子 .通过化学反应调控 ,直径为 5～ 1 0 nm的金属银纳米粒子可以以单核或多核形式嵌入并分布于球型二氧化硅粒子中 .透射电子显微镜照片表明 ,该复合粒子具有高度均匀的粒径分布 .     

Two-dimensional self-organization of 1-nonanethiol-capped gold nanoparticles

A two-dimensional (2D) ordered hexagonal close-packed structure, formed by 1-nonanethiol-capped gold nanoparticles, is reported. The structure was constructed only by dipping the gold nanoparticle colloidal solution on flat substrate. The gold nanoparticles were synthesized as follows: First, AuCl₄^-1 was transferred from aqueous solution to toluene by the phase-transfer reagent of tetraoctylammonium bromide. Then it was reduced with aqueous sodium borohydride in the presence of a given amount of 1-nonanethiol molecules which was used to control the nucleation and growth of the gold nanoparticles for the desired size. The experimental techniques, such as UV-Vis, FT-IR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), were employed to characterize the obtained product. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurement demonstrated the size of the gold nanoparticle and the formation of two-dimensional ordered hexagonal close-packed gold nanoparticle structure.     

纳米颗粒防止储层颗粒运移室内评价及机理分析

塔里木油田塔中地区志留系柯坪塔格组储层速敏较强,速敏造成渗透率降低,进而引发该地区油井产量严重下降。区别于常规的防膨、防颗粒运移措施,提出了应用纳米颗粒技术解决该问题。用人造岩心评价了不同纳米流体浓度对于不同驱替速率下纳米流体防止颗粒运移的效果,并通过天然岩心验证了该结果,同时从理论上计算了由于纳米流体的注入孔道内储层颗粒受力的变化。实验结果表明:纳米颗粒在浓度为0.15%条件下具有较好的防止颗粒运移的效果。     

Au纳米粒子在超临界CO2中结构和相互作用

为了可控制备分散性的Au纳米粒子,研究Au纳米粒子在溶剂中的界面结构及相互作用。采用分子动力学模拟方法研究不同温度下氟化的硫醇十二烷钝化的Au纳米粒子在超临界CO₂中的界面结构和相互作用自由能。结果表明:温度升高会略微提升纯排斥的特征。通过自由能的分解,发现Au纳米内核与吸附的有机配体间的相互作用完全决定了自由能的排斥特征。焓熵分析结果表明自由能的排斥特征是由熵贡献引起的。     

Cu-TiO2纳米复合镀层的腐蚀和光催化性能

采用纳米复合镀技术在铝表面制备了Cu-TiO2纳米复合镀层,利用扫描电镜、电化学测试系统、分光光度计对其形貌、腐蚀和光催化性能进行了研究.结果表明,TiO2纳米颗粒在铜基复合膜层中的分散均匀;TiO2颗粒的加入可使Cu-TiO2纳米复合镀层腐蚀电位明显增加,膜层的耐蚀性提高;在紫外光照射下,复合镀层对甲基橙溶液有明显的光催化降解作用,且这种作用随时间延长而有所增大.     

有机-无机ZrO2纳米复合光致聚合物的全息特性

研究了一种掺入ZrO2纳米颗粒的丙烯酰胺基光致聚合物的全息特性。用Ar+Kr+激光器647nm波长的光对光聚物进行曝光,实验表明,在纯有机光致聚合物中掺入ZrO2纳米颗粒后,折射率调制度从1.88×10-3提高到2.28×10-3,缩皱率从3.2%降低到0.8%。说明有机-无机ZrO2纳米复合光致聚合物材料,是高密度全息存储所需的比较理想的存储材料。