个体老龄化生物标志物体外筛选模型的建立

根据蛋白交联理论,以丙酮醛及人血清白蛋白建立体外筛选模型,模拟体内氨基脲敏感的胺氧化酶介导美拉德反应导致蛋白交联的生物学过程.采用串联质谱结合¹⁸O标记的方法,定量分析丙酮醛对人血清白蛋白肽段的修饰程度用于表征衰老的程度,并对该方法的各项实验条件进行优化.建立了个体老龄化生物标志物体外筛选模型,优化了胰蛋白酶酶切及¹⁸O标记的实验条件.通过对优化条件下酶解后标记效率的评估,认为该方法将来可用于蛋白质组学方法,研究老龄化生物标志.     

先锋褐煤二硫化碳和甲醇萃取物的分析

分别以CS2和甲醇为溶剂,辅以超声波对先锋褐煤进行常温萃取,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)分析萃取物的组成及结构。结果表明,两种萃取物中共检测到124种有机化合物;CS2萃取物中烃类化合物相对含量较高,占CS2萃取物总量的52.08%,从C14~C30(除C23外)烷连续分布;甲醇萃取物中含氧和含氮化合物相对含量较高,分别占甲醇萃取物总量的39.28%和20.95%;此外还检测到多种生物标示物。     

Serum microRNA-155 as a potential biomarker for breast cancer screening

MicroRNAs(miRs) have been shown to be differentially expressed in the serum of cancer patients and controls,and can thus be used as biomarkers for cancer screening.We detected the expression level of miR-155 in the serum of female breast cancer patients and healthy controls to investigate whether serum miR-155 could discriminate patients with early-stage breast cancer.Serum samples were collected from 20 female patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer and 10 healthy controls.Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression level of miR-155.The expression level of miR-155 was significantly increased in the serum of breast cancer patients compared with in the serum of normal controls.MiR-155 may be useful as a blood-based biomarker for breast cancer screening.     

Why endophenotype development requires families

Endophenotypes are heritable quantitative traits that are associated with disease liability, can be measured in both affected and unaffected individuals, and provide much greater power to localize and identify risk genes for mental illness than does affection status alone. Traditionally, endophenotypic markers for psychiatric illnesses include in vivo neuroanatomic and functional magnetic resonance imaging measurements and indices of neurocognitive abilities. However, neurocognitive and neuroimaging measure...     

1,4—二甲基戊烷基苯的合成

含有苯环的类异戊二烯生物标志物是古细菌胞膜构成干酪根的重要证据，以苯乙酮为起始原料合成了１，４二甲戊烷基苯。     

沈家铺油田枣Ⅴ油组原油地球化学特征

对沈家铺油田枣V油组原油有机地球化学特征进行了详细描述,并对母源沉积环境、生源及生油岩演化程度进行了分析。研究结果表明,原油中饱和烃的含量低,非烃沥青质含量高,类异戊二烯烷烃含量高,奇碳数优势弱,成熟度参数低,这些都表明原油具有低成熟度的特点。Pr与Ph含量的比值低(0.66～0.88),伽马蜡烷与C31藿烷含量的比值高(0.59～0.86),这反映出其源岩形成于微咸水—半咸水湖相还原环境。其生油源主要由菌藻类有机质组成,但藻类可能是其源岩有机质的主要贡献者。     

用Ni2B还原法研究富硫原油沥青质中的含硫结构单元

采用新型的脱硫试剂 (Ni2 B)对富硫原油沥青质中含硫结构单元的研究结果表明 ,沥青质脱硫产物以饱和烃为主 ,包括丰富的正构烷烃系列和环状生标系列。沥青质脱硫产物类似于原油饱和烃的分布。通过计算得到了沥青质脱硫饱和烃及其环状生标的参数 ,这些参数与原油饱和烃的相应参数比较接近 ,这表明沥青质中的含硫结构单元可能是原油饱和烃的先质。     

Biomarkers in fluid inclusions of polymetallic deposit of Qixiashan, Nanjing

Conclusions Organic fluid involved in Pb-Zn mineralization in the polymetallic deposit of Qixiashan probably derives from bacteria and algae, and is similar to that of the mature crude oil system. Part of lead and zinc in fluids can be transported by organic complexes, while their precipitation is caused by organic reduction. Biomarkers in ores can indicate the source of organic matter in fluids, but organic matter in inclusions must be studied to ascertain organic metallogenesis because of the EOM difference between ores and inclusions. The host strata of Upper Carboniferous (C2) and Lower Permian (PI) in Qixiashan deposit are both oil-bearing in the region. Identification of organic fluid and its biomarkers in the deposit provides significant information for further studies on the relationship between ore deposits and oil pools in the region.     

Discovery of low-mature hydrocarbon in manganese nodules and ooze from the Central Pacific deep sea floor

Extracts from manganese nodules and ooze from the Central Pacific deep sea floor were analyzed using the chromatogram-mass spectrum, and it was found that most of the biomarker molecules are of the low-mature type (some have characteristics of mature): the ratio of "A"/C is high between 11.4%-19.75%; CPI is 1.22-1.23; C31-22S/ (22S+22R) hopane is 0.59-0.60, Tm/Ts is 0.99-1.99; βα moretane/(αβ+βα) hopane is 0.12-0.14; C29 sterane 20S/(20S+20R) is 0.35-0.41; ββ/(ββ+αα) is 0.38-0.45; arene TA(I)/TA(I+II) is 0.16-0.21; methyl-phenanthrene index (MPI1) is 0.35-0.67. According to the geological settings of the sampling area and its organic geochemical characteristics, it is considered that the hydrothermal activities on the ocean floor facilitate the decomposition of organic matter in the sediment, which leads to the generation and migration of hydrocarbon into manganese nodules and ooze. This discovery is important for understanding the mechanisms of hydrocarbon generation in the ocean floor and for expanding the potential of oil and gas exploration in the ocean.     

紫露草在生态毒理学分子水平上的研究展望

沼泽紫露草（Tradescantia paludosa）作为环境污染监测的优选物种一直受到青睐。以往的研究主要以紫露草微核试验和雄蕊毛突变试验为指标进行环境污染监测。而目前的研究已经进入基因表达及分子水平。文章从国内外紫露草生态毒理的研究现状出发，针对紫露草微核产生及雄蕊毛突变机制这类新问题的研究现状及意义，以及探针检测技术、定量检测技术和紫露草的生态毒理基因组学的发展等方面进行综述，为紫露草分子毒理上的研究提供参考。