Evaluating the reliability of microsatellite genotyping from low-quality DNA templates with a polynomial distribution model

Molecular studies using trace DNA, such as from museum specimens, ancient or forensic samples and samples obtained noninvasively, often have a common problem of low quality of DNA templates. Amplification errors, such as allelic dropout and false allele, may arise during polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using such samples. A mathematical model which treats homozygotes and heterozygotes discriminately has been developed to measure sample quality and compute the confidence level of using multipletube approaches. We use plucked hair samples collected from 26 individual Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxel- lana) to test the model. In this case, a confidence level of 99% can be achieved by three positive PCRs. If the sample quality is very poor and requires many PCR replicates, an alternative multiplestep genotyping method is recommended. This model enables researchers to optimize experimental protocols through pilot studies and obtain reliable genetic information using noninvasive sampling method.     

Growth, photosynthesis and podophyllotoxin accumulation of Dysosma versipellis in response to a light gradient and conservation implications

Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng ex Ying (Berberidaceae) is a rare and vulnerable, perennial herb endemic to China with pharmaceutical significance. Increasing habitat loss and over-exploitation of the plant has severely affected the plant’s in situ conservation, necessitating ex situ conservation and commercial cultivation. The light regime is a critical environmental factor contributing to successful ex situ conservation via efficient production of biomass and secondary metabolites. We investigated th...     

Understanding atomic-scale phase separation of liquid Fe-Cu alloy

Using liquid Fe 60 Cu 40 alloy as a model, the structure of liquid Fe-Cu alloy systems is investigated in the temperature range 1200 2200 K, covering a large metastable undercooled regime, to understand the phase separation of liquid Fe-Cu alloys on the atomic scale. The total pair distribution functions (PDFs) indicate that liquid Fe 60 Cu 40 alloy is ordered in the short range and disordered in the long range. If the atom types are ignored, the total atom number densities and PDFs demonstrate that the atoms are distributed homogenously in the liquid alloy. However, the segregation of Fe and Cu atoms is very obvious with decreasing temperature. The partial PDFs and coordination numbers show that the Cu and Fe atoms are not apt to get together on the atomic scale at low temperatures; this will lead to large fluctuations and phase separation in liquid Fe-Cu alloy.     

强化教育对新诊断的Ⅱ型糖尿病门诊患者生存质量的影响

目的探讨强化教育项目在改善糖尿病—Ⅱ患者生存质量中的作用.方法将84例新诊断的糖尿病—Ⅱ门诊患者随机分为强化教育组及对照组.对照组按医嘱服用药物,接受医院常规指导;强化教育组在受药物治疗和医院常规指导的基础上,接受为期3天的强化教育,及后续每3个月定期1次的随访,研究时间共12个月.研究起始及12个月末均采用糖尿病生存质量特异性量表(DSQL)进行问卷调查并评分.结果强化教育组患者12个月末的生存质量显著优于对照组(P <0.05).结论对新诊断的糖尿病—Ⅱ门诊患者进行强化教育是提高自我管理水平,改善其生存质量的有效方法     

PDCA——AHP在广西高职高专教学管理中的运用

以高职高专教学管理为研究目标,运用PDCA理论,结合AHP法,从高职高专教学管理的计划、执行、检查、总结等4个方面设置发展方针、教学资源整合、教学效果反馈、健全听课记录和统计资料等18个指标,对高职高专教学管理进行评价.分析结果表明,广西高职高专教学管理取得了不错的成效.     

一种新型的CPU故障检测方法及其应用

本文根据国产新型单路数字新闻传真系统的特点,采用一种新颖而有效的 CPU 故障诊断算法.此方法的故障覆盖率较高,在程序运行后,得到令人满意的效果.     

Geometric integration methods for general nonlinear dynamic equation based on Magnus and Fer expansions

Ithasbeenknownforalongtimethatthesolu tionofthefollowingdifferentialequation :U· =A(t)U ,　U(t0 ) =I ,(1)whereA (t)standsforasufficientlysmoothn×nmatrixorlinearoperator ,canlocallybewrittenintheform[1]U(t ,t0 ) =eΩ(t,t0 ) ,(2 )whereΩisobtainedasaninfiniteseriesΩ(t ,t0 ) =∑∞k =1Ωk(t,t0 ) . (3)Eqs .(2 )and (3)constitutetheso calledMagnusex pansionofthesolutionofthedifferentialequation(1) .EachtermΩkintheseries (3)isamultiplein tegralofcombinationsofnestedcommutators ,anditcanbeobtain…     

Frequency invariant beamforming via jointly optimizing spatial and frequency responses

Inbroadbandarraysignalprocessing ,thespec tralcharacteristicsofthetargetaremostlyusedintargetdetectionandtargetclassification .Sincetheradiatednoiseofthetargetgenerallyspreadsoverawidefrequencyband ,distortioninthepowerspec trummightappearifthebeamformerresponsevarieswithfrequency .Theso calledfrequencyinvariantbeamformer (FIB)techniqueisrequiredasaremedy .AnFIBisabeamformerinwhichtheresponseisap proximatelyconstantoversomedesignbandwidth .InRef .[1],anapproachtodesigningbroadbandbeamformer…     

A mathematical model for solid liquid and mass transfer coupling and numerical simulation for hydraulic fracture in rock salt

Thehydraulicfracturingtechniqueiswidelyused intheoilengineering,naturalgasexploiting,under groundheatextractingandothermineralresources mining,etc.withwelldevelopedhydraulicfracture modelsforordinaryrocks[1—3].Inthefieldofsolu tionminingofsaltdeposit,thistechniqueisusedto producefracturealongtheplanelayerofthedeposit,thustoconnecttheinjectionandtargetwells[4,5].However,duetothespecialphysicalandmechanical characteristicsofrocksalt,executinghydraulicfrac tureinrocksaltdepositisdifferentfromtha…     

经验Bayes估计

本文在 Robbins H.一文的基础上,给出了一个更为一般的经验 Bayes 估计公式,并给出了若干个应用例子.