干旱胁迫对苦荞麦农艺性状、产量和品质的影响

以2个苦荞品种(晋荞2号和川荞1号)为材料,研究了干旱胁迫对苦荞麦农艺性状、产量和品质的影响.结果表明:晋荞2号在轻度胁迫处理下株高、主根长、根体积、侧根数分别为56.4cm,12.41cm,3.76cm3和13.0个,较正常灌水和重度胁迫处理分别增加13.4%~42.8%,22.3%~73.4%,16.4%~50.5%和33.1%~77.6%.川荞1号在轻度胁迫处理下株高、主根长、根体积和侧根数分别为35.1cm,16.3cm,3.66cm3和6.0个.较正常灌水和重度胁迫处理分别增加9.4%~33.3%,40.4%~50.0%;23.2%~46.5%,34.5%~69.7%.胁迫可增加苦荞的单株粒质量,两个品种均在轻度胁迫处理单株粒质量最高,分别为2.3g和2.3g.芦丁质量分数以叶片质量分数最高,但各胁迫处理间差异无统计学意义.黄酮质量分数以轻度胁迫处理最高,两个品种均以胁迫处理显著高于正常灌水处理,晋荞2号各器官间黄酮和芦丁质量分数均明显高于川荞1号.     

一种基于改进遗传算法的WSN负载均衡聚类算法

针对无线传感器网络簇首需承担额外负载的问题,为了最大化网络寿命,提出了一种基于改进遗传算法的聚类算法.首先,将染色体表示为网关的一个字符串,通过考虑传感器节点与簇首之间的连接限制初始化种群;然后,构建适应度函数来评估初始种群的各个染色体;最后,利用遗传算法对染色体进行选择、交叉、突变,利用迭代算法完成聚类.结果表明,相比分布式自组织负载均衡聚类算法,本算法的执行时间可降低18.5%;相比基站控制自适应聚类算法,本算法收敛速度可提升50%;相比低占空比多管道调度算法,本算法平均负载标准差降低了81.2%;当网络轮数达到2 500时,相比其他几种较新的算法,本算法可降低至少40%的能耗.因此,本算法在WSN应用中可以很好地解决额外负载问题,延长了网络寿命.     

模拟结果为什么比实际更暖:简化气候模型结果（英文）

设计了一个非专业人士能够使用、最简化的气候敏感模型,用来研究人类活动所导致的全球变暖的幅度问题.在1990年的第一次IPCC评估报告中,IPCC对其报告中预测的未来全球变暖幅度很有信心,但是随后的观测结果显示全球的变暖幅度只有预测的一半.而自2001年起,全球变暖出现停滞,但是仅仅考虑到二氧化碳浓度的增加,很少有模型能够模拟出这一变化.在已出版的IPCC第五次评估报告的草稿中,IPCC大幅度削减了近期变暖的幅度,并以专家评估代替了模型预测.但是报告中关于未来气候长期变化的预测仍被保留.如果把IPCC模型的总反馈从1.9 W m–2 K–1调整到1.5 W m–2 K–1,气候敏感模型中模拟的温度将从3.2 K降至2.2 K.同时由于反馈很可能是净负反馈,更合适的估计应该是1.0 K.1.0 K是一个能够实现的增幅,21世纪的实际变暖将会小于1 K.即使燃烧所有可开采的化石燃料也不会使全球变暖的幅度超过2.2 K,这一增加幅度也将趋于平稳.本文认为解决IPCC第四、五次报告中评估方法的差异非常关键.一旦这些差异得到解决,人类活动导致的全球变暖在22世纪以及几个世纪以后的平稳态将有可能不会超过IPCC当前模型预测的1/3~1/2.     

《大数据百科全书》术语特点及收录与处理原则

大数据发展日新月异,新的应用需求和实践问题层出不穷,社会各界越来越重视大数据的基础研究。百科全书作为知识门类的概述性著作,是开展和推动基础研究的重要载体。作为大数据知识传播的工具,《大数据百科全书》不仅要有实用与新颖兼备的知识内容,并且还应具备准确严谨与通畅易懂的专业化语言文字表达。其中,术语是《大数据百科全书》不可或缺的有机组成部分,文章总结大数据领域的术语特点,并以此提出《大数据百科全书》术语方面的收录和处理原则。     

Google浏览器如何经营中国市场——百度、UC、360、QQ浏览器为什么让人感觉比Chrome好

Google浏览器技术具有创新性,不仅满足了Google的企业的发展需求,也符合广大用户的信息要求,但是如何进入中国市场,是个值得深思的问题。     

Secure Two-Party Distance Computation Protocol Based on Privacy Homomorphism and Scalar Product in Wireless Sensor Networks

Numerous privacy-preserving issues have emerged along with the fast development of the Internet of Things. In addressing privacy protection problems in Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN), secure multi-party computation is considered vital, where obtaining the Euclidian distance between two nodes with no disclosure of either side’s secrets has become the focus of location-privacy-related applications. This paper proposes a novel Privacy-Preserving Scalar Product Protocol(PPSPP) for wireless sensor networks. Based on PPSPP, we then propose a Homomorphic-Encryption-based Euclidean Distance Protocol(HEEDP) without third parties. This protocol can achieve secure distance computation between two sensor nodes. Correctness proofs of PPSPP and HEEDP are provided, followed by security validation and analysis. Performance evaluations via comparisons among similar protocols demonstrate that HEEDP is superior; it is most efficient in terms of both communication and computation on a wide range of data types, especially in wireless sensor networks.     

Land-atmosphere coupling amplifies hot extremes over China

Climate extremes, such as extreme hot temperatures and heat waves, can have dramatic societal, economic, and ecological consequences. China has experienced remarkable interannual and decadal changes in hot extremes during the last several decades. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for changes in the hot extremes over China have not been clearly identified. In this study, we investigate the role of land-atmosphere coupling for hot days and heat waves during summer over China using two long-term ...     

Examination of dynamic recrystallization during compression of AZ31 magnesium

This study aimed to investigate dynamic recrystallization(DRX)behavior during compression of magnesium alloy AZ31. Cylinder samples were cut from the extruded rod and hot rolled sheet AZ31 for compression test.The samples were compressed using a Gleeble 1500D at a temperature of 300℃and a strain rate of 0.01 s-1.Grain orientations and misorientation angles across grain boundaries for the tested samples were obtained by using electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)technique.The results showed that strong basal texture was observed after 50%compression(ε=0.69)on both the extruded and hot rolled samples,which have different initial textures.It was observed that with increased strain,DRX grains gradually rotated to basal orientation,and grain boundaries with misorientation angle of near 30°was formed in the samples.At the strain of 0.69,a high fraction of high-angle(60°)boundaries was present in the extruded sample,whereas almost no high angle boundaries were observed in the hot rolled sheet sample.     

微米级大颗粒交联聚合物微球的制备

在深度调剖堵水过程中,为改善驱油效果,利用反相乳液聚合法合成微米级大颗粒交联聚合物微球,其粒径可达几百纳米甚至几个微米.经测试,在实验条件下,新制备的微米级大颗粒交联聚合物微球具有较好的变形性,并呈现出较为满意的封堵性能.在高含水开发后期的油田驱油中,具有较好的应用前景.     

纳米技术的标准化进程和伦理问题

纳米技术的快速发展和纳米技术产品的逐步进入市场, 引起了人们就使用纳米产品对人类健康、安全和环境产生影响的特别关注, 这也是目前伦理学所关心的问题. 标准化不仅在消除贸易障碍、促进国际技术交流和贸易发展、提高产品在国际市场上的竞争能力方面具有重大作用, 对于保障身体健康、生命和环境的安全同样具有重要作用. 本文介绍了纳米技术的健康、安全和环境的标准化进程. 认为上述工作将促进社会科学和自然科学在纳米伦理问题上的交流与沟通, 以期共同解决纳米伦理问题.