Computer simulation for the precipitation process of Ni75Al7.5V17.5 alloy

The precipitation mechanism of Ni75Al7.5V17.5 alloy above the L12 instability line, between the L12 and D022 instability lines and below the D022 instability line are studied using microscopic phase-field kinetic equation. This paper is aimed at investigating the effect of temperature on precipitation mechanism and morphological evolution of the alloy. Our simulations demonstrate that the precipitation is a mixed mechanism of non-classical nucleation growth and spinodal decomposition above the L12 instability line. It needs certain thermal fluctuations for nucleation and the number of θ phases is small at this temperature. The precipitation mechanism of γ'phase is congruent ordering followed by spinodal decomposition, and θ phase is a mixed mechanism of non-classical nucleation growth and spinodal decomposition between the L12 and D022 instability lines. The mechanism below the D022 instability line is similar to that between the L12 and D022 instability lines. With the decrease of the temperature, ordering and phase separation becomes fast, the dimension of γ'phase becomes small, the shape transforms from equiaxed to block, the dimension of θ phase becomes large and the shape transforms from strip to circle.     

人类基因ZNF569结构域在MAPK信号途径中的作用

有丝分裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号途径是细胞信号转导过程的重要组成部分，MAPK将膜转导蛋白与其细胞内的关键调控靶蛋白联系起来，从而介导胞外的多种信号并将这些信号级联放大后传递给相应的下游因子，通过激活包括SRE，ELK-1，AP-1等在内的多种转录因子，最终开启细胞特定功能基因的表达，锌指蛋白是人类最大的基因家族之一，其蛋白产物主要通过与DNA相互作用而起转录因子作用，调节靶基因的表达以适应生物体发育、分化、成熟过程的需要，运用MAPK信号途径对锌指基因ZNF569的结构域进行了转录活性分析，分析表明在COS-7细胞中过表达ZNF569蛋白可以使MAPK信号途径的两个下游转录因子AP-1和SRE的转录抑制活性显著下降，ZNF569在核质内的亚细胞定位分析进一步证明了其作为转录因子的作用，对ZNF569的分段report assays分析表明，ZNF569可能通过KRAB框和C2H2锌指结构域行使其抑制转录的作用，这些结果表明，ZNF569可以通过MAPK信号途径参与了对细胞生命活动的调控过程。     

中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢旋转弯曲疲劳性能研究

针对轴承钢失效形式主要为疲劳破坏的问题,对中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢进行旋转弯曲疲劳（RBF）试验及分析。分析轴承钢经调质处理（880 ℃+540 ℃）后的组织,再经RBF试验后疲劳断口和渗氮处理的作用,还分析了非金属夹杂物对轴承钢RBF的影响,构建了非金属夹杂物深度和尺寸对中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢RBF极限强度影响的模型。实验结果表明：试验钢调质处理后,组织为回火索氏体,主要析出M₆C型和M₂₃C₆型碳化物,力学性能优良,RBF极限强度达到729 MPa;疲劳源分为表面缺陷和内部非金属夹杂物,表面缺陷主要包括非金属夹杂物脱落形成的凹坑以及机加工留下的刀痕,非金属夹杂物主要为镁铝酸盐;轴承钢在NH₃渗氮气氛中560 ℃恒温保持25 h,渗氮层厚度达360 μm以上,渗氮工艺合适。研究结果对中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢的发展及其疲劳性能的提高有一定的参考价值。     

Microstructure characterization and hydrogen storage properties study of Mg2Ni0.92M0.08 (M = Ti, V, Fe or Si) alloys

In the present study Mg_2Ni-type compounds alloyed independently with Ti,V,Fe and Si were successfully prepared by wet-milling followed by sintering.Although these alloyed Mg_2Ni compounds exhibited a similar hydrogen storage mechanism as that of pure Mg_2Ni,the dissolution of Ti,V or Fe into the Mg_2NiH_4lattice had a considerable catalytic effect on hydrogen desorption from additional MgH_2.The further structure investigations clearly indicated that the substitution of Ti for Ni could suppress the formation of the micro-twined low-temperature phase(LT2)and promote the formation of the high-temperature phase(HT),thus resulting in remarkably improved hydrogen desorption kinetics for the Mg_2Ni_(0.92)Ti_(0.08)–H system.     

Surface modification of Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys by microarc oxidation to improve high-temperature oxidation resistance

Microarc oxidation(MAO)electrolysis plasma deposition was used to prepare Al_2O_3coatings on Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys to improve high temperature oxidation resistance.The surface and cross-section morphologies before and after high-temperature oxidation,the chemical composition,and the phase identification of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron probe microanalyses(EPMA),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results show that Al_2O_3coatings with a thickness of approximately 8μm can be obtained on the Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys by MAO for 600 s.The samples with the Al_2O_3coatings exhibited better high-temperature oxidation resistance.A minimal weight gain of only 0.396 g/m~2after 100 h oxidation at 900°C was observed for the coatings formed with a deposition voltage of 400 V and using a duty cycle of 3%.The deposition mechanism of the Al_2O_3coatings and the effect of the MAO parameters are also described.     

Effect of minor Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

The as-cast and heat-treated microstructures and mechanical properties of the AZ91 magnesium alloys with and without minor Sc addition were investigated and compared in this paper. The results indicated that adding0.15–0.45 wt% Sc to the as-cast AZ91 alloy not only could modify and refine the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase but also suppress the formation of the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase. At the same time, the grains of the Sc-containing as-cast AZ91 alloys were also effectively refined. As a result, the mechanical properties at room temperature(RT) for the Sccontaining as-cast AZ91 alloys were effectively improved. In addition, adding 0.15–0.45 wt%Sc to the AZ91 alloy promoted the formation of the continuous precipitates(CP) during the aging treatment in spite of that the formation of the discontinuous precipitates(DP) was simultaneously suppressed. Accordingly, the Sc-containing as-aged AZ91 alloys obtained the relatively higher mechanical properties at RT than the as-aged AZ91 alloy.     

The hidden disintegration of cluster heterogeneity in Fe-based glass-forming alloy melt

The evolution of liquid metal at high temperature is known much less than their solid states. This is partially due to that the message concerning clusters, metastable phase or heterogeneity in liquid is usually too slight to be traced. Here, we shed some light on the nature of structural evolution of Fe-based glass-forming alloy during overheating process by the investigation of high-temperature melt viscometry and first principles simulations. It was found that a structural transition around 1400 ℃ occurred in the melts of initial homogeneous ingot, heterogeneous ingot and amorphous ribbons jointly, and was confirmed by the results from differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), and ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD). Combining these results with Fe-Si-B ternary phase diagram and the melting characteristics of Fe-B compounds, it is safe to conclude that the disintegration of Fe_2B type clusters to Fe_3B-type clusters leads to the observed transition. These results offer a significant reference for the preparation and property control of Fe-based amorphous alloys.     

玉米芯基活性炭吸附去除水中重金属的实验及机理研究

运用农作物废弃物玉米芯为原料,通过马弗炉在不同工艺条件下碳化制备玉米芯基活性炭,考察了其对锌、锰和铅三种重金属的吸附性能,并利用傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电镜(SEM及EDS)等手段研究了其吸附重金属锌的机理,并对吸附后的吸附剂进行解吸实验.实验结果表明,合适工艺下生产的玉米芯基活性炭对水中锌离子有极高的吸附率,吸附动力学行为符合准二级动力学方程;对玉米芯基活性炭的解吸,酸解吸法比电场干预解吸法能取得更好的效果.初步判断玉米芯基活性炭可用于吸附重金属,是一种低成本吸附剂.     

铝锡轴承合金的摩擦磨损机理与性能

铝锡轴承合金对大型载重汽车、坦克、高速汽车、拖拉机等的高速高压柴油机的发展有重要的意义。提高铝锡合金的耐摩擦磨损性能可节省大量能源并延长零件的使用寿命,如何取得具有优良的耐摩擦磨损的铝锡合金成为研究的重点。本文介绍了提高铝锡合金的耐摩擦磨损性能的措施及其影响因素,总结铝锡合金中锡元素含量改变、合金元素的添加、热处理与制备工艺的改变对铝锡合金的显微组织以及耐摩擦磨损性能的影响。     

Deep cleaning of a metallurgical zinc leaching residue and recovery of valuable metals

Huge quantities of zinc leaching residues (ZLRs) generated from zinc production are dumped continuously around the world and pose a potential environmental threat because of their considerable amounts of entrained heavy metals (mainly lead). Most ZLRs have not been properly treated and the valuable metals in them have not yet been effectively recovered. Herein, the deep cleaning of a ZLR and recovery of valuable metals via a hydrometallurgical route were investigated. The cleaning process consists of two essential stages:acid leaching followed by calcium chloride leaching. The optimum conditions for extracting zinc, copper, and indium by acid leaching were a sulfuric acid concentration of 200 g·L-1, a liquid/solid ratio of 4:1 (mL/g), a leaching time of 2 h, and a temperature of 90℃. For lead and silver extractions, the optimum conditions were a calcium chloride concentration of 400 g·L-1, a pH value of 1.0, a leaching time of 1 h, and a temperature of 30℃. After calcium chloride leaching, silver and lead were extracted out and the lead was finally recovered as electrolytic lead by electrowinning. The anglesite phase, which poses the greatest potential environmental hazard, was removed from the ZLR after deep cleaning, thus reducing the cost of environmental management of ZLRs. The treatment of chlorine and spent electrolyte generated in the process was discussed.