TiO2纳米晶表面羟基自由基的生成对光催化性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2.用X射线衍射谱(XRD)测定了TiO2粒子的晶相结构;以对苯二甲酸作为探针分子,结合化学荧光技术研究了TiO2表面羟基自由基的生成;以降解罗丹明B(RhB)为模型反应,考察了TiO2粒子的光催化活性.结果表明,TiO2粒子的晶相结构对其羟基自由基的生成和光催化活性产生显著影响;羟基自由基的生成速率越大,光催化活性越高.     

加速度效应对弹性海床动力反应的影响

基于u～U形式的广义Biot理论,探讨了土骨架和孔隙流体的加速度对波浪作用下弹性海床动力反应的影响。通过算例比较考察了Zienkiewicz等所提判断准则对均质海床的适用性。加速度效应影响程度主要取决于波浪周期、海床厚度和土体剪切模量,Zienkiewicz等所提判断准则并不总适用于判断加速度效应对海床动力反应的影响。一般来说,考虑海床土骨架和孔隙流体加速度与否得到的超静孔压幅值相差很小,但某些情况下不考虑加速度效应可能低估海床内的有效应力幅值,特别是剪应力幅值。     

二氧化钛光催化降解有机物的研究进展

简述了国内外有关水中有机物的光催化氧化的研究进展，讨论了该过程所涉及的反应机理及影响光催化活性的因素，并提出了光催化氧化法今后的发展方向．     

纳米级铝阳极氧化膜的形成机理及结构调整

从纳米级阳极氧化铝(AAO)膜对应用的重要性入手，主要简述AAO膜的制备、形成机理、自结构特点及结构调整方法。     

纳米粉Ba1-xSrxTiO3的合成

根据液相反应胶粒析出机理及实验原理，制备了Ba1-xSrxTiO3的前驱体(Ti(OH)4、SrCO3,BaCO3),然后经过焙烧，在较低温度(450℃)时是碳酸钡锶和二氧化钛分子状态的混合纳米晶，继续焙烧(900℃)成为发育完整的Ba1-xSrxTiO3纳米粉体，经TEM和XRD表征，平均粒径为100m，粒径分布较窄，分散性良好，XRD表明此纳米粉体为钛酸钡锶Ba1-xSrxTiO3。     

多孔介质突破特性的薄层效应

为深化多孔介质突破行为的机理研究,对引起多孔介质突破特性尺度效应讨论的实验数据,结合实验原理重新作了分析。所谓的多孔介质突破特性的"尺度效应"应是边壁效应的反映。由于堆积状况的随机性,给定颗粒介质的突破压强在一定范围内存在不确定性。实验观察到的突破压强波动范围最高可达±12%。边壁效应的存在和突破压强的不确定性,使得以实验方法量化尺度效应是不可行的。实验分析表明:湿饱和颗粒介质的突破特性只是一种薄层行为,与实验介质厚度无关。     

Wave Damping and Refraction-Diffraction Due to Variable Depth Porous Bottom

The refraction-diffraction of surface waves due to porous variable depth has been the subject of many investigations. In the present study, we extend the boundary-value problem of impermeable varying topography to that of a variable depth porous seabed, which is the situation most likely to be encountered in practical problems of coastal engineering. A wave-induced fluid motion is applied to the porous bottom, while the well-known linear potential theory is applied to the free-water above the bottom. Eigenfunction expansions are employed to derive the matching condition and the so-caUed modified dispersion relation. As a result of the porous bottom, the wavenumber becomes a complex value, of which the real part represents the spatial periodicity while the imaginary part refers to the energy dissipation. The characteristics of water waves over a porous bottom are studied in detail. By neglecting the non-propagating modes which only have a local effect and damp exponentially with distance, we derive a mathematical model to represent the characteristics of both the wave refraction-diffraction and wave-damping. The developed model is applied to the damping problem of waves over submerged porous breakwaters.     

分级多孔纳米炭纤维的结构及电容性能

以酚醛树脂为碳源、PVP为纺丝助剂、纳米MgO颗粒为模板剂,通过静电纺丝法制得酚醛树脂基纳米炭纤维,经过炭化、KOH活化、酸洗后得到分级多孔纳米炭纤维,利用SEM、XRD、XPS、拉曼光谱仪及氮气吸脱附实验,对所制多孔纳米炭纤维的结构和形貌进行表征,并将其作为模拟电容器的电极,利用循环伏安、恒电流充放电及交流阻抗方法测试了材料的电化学性能。结果表明,KOH活化引入了数量可观的微孔,所得纳米炭纤维表现出明显的"微孔-中孔-大孔"分级孔分布的特点,其比表面积达到1058.4m~2/g,总孔容为1.64cm~3/g。电化学测试结果表明,所制分级多孔纳米炭纤维在6mol/L KOH电解液中显示出优异的电容性能,在0.2A/g的电流密度下,其放电比容量达到198F/g,在20A/g电流密度下,电容保持率达到65%。     

考虑低渗点启动压力梯度的中东孔隙型碳酸盐岩油藏波及系数修正方法

 根据中东地区孔隙型碳酸盐岩油藏渗透率分布范围大、低渗与中高渗渗流规律并存的特征,针对低渗点存在启动压力梯度而难以动用的问题,采用数值模拟方法分析低渗点启动压力梯度对油藏波及系数的影响规律,通过耦合低渗点启动压力与井间驱替压力分布,提出考虑低渗点启动压力梯度的孔隙型碳酸盐岩油藏波及系数修正方法。以中东地区M油藏为例进行应用分析,计算得到的渗透率为5×10^-3~35×10^-3 μm²、变异系数为0.6~0.8时,波及修正系数分布范围为0.75~0.99,证明了该孔隙型碳酸盐岩油藏波及系数修正方法的可靠性和实用性。     

Effect of cold rolling process on microstructure and mechanical properties of high strength β titanium alloy thin sheets

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe high strength titanium alloy sheets prepared by unidirectional cold rolling and two-step cross cold rolling were investigated. Results showed that the β phase grains were refined significantly by cold rolling followed by solution treatment for a short time.Compared to unidirectional cold rolling, the short time solution treatment after two-step cross rolling could significantly reduce the non-uniformity of the microstructure of the alloy sheets. After aging treatment at 550 ℃,the anisotropy of the mechanical properties still existed in the unidirectional rolled sheets, and the tensile strength was highest along the rolling direction. After solution and aging treatment, the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the two-step cross rolling process sheet was not obvious than unidirectional cold rolling,and alloy had good strength and plasticity matching.