内燃机热泵隔声装置及通风技术

针对内燃机热泵机组运行发热量大、噪声频谱特性复杂的特点,设计了一种安装在发动机和压缩机上的带通风系统的隔声罩来降低中高频噪声,对低频噪声设计了双室抗性消声器进行降噪．为了解决隔声罩内部设备散热导致的罩内温度升高问题,详细推导和计算了罩内通风量,设计了罩内的气流形式,模拟了罩内的空气温度场和速度场,得到了该通风方案能够及时有效地排出隔声罩内热量的结论．实验研究了安装带通风系统的隔声罩和双室抗性消声器之后内燃机热泵系统的噪声问题,结果表明,隔声罩和双室抗性消声器配合使用能够使本实验样机的噪声有大幅度的下降．     

Nax Co2 O4陶瓷的力学弛豫和阻抗弛豫研究

 采用溶胶－凝胶法制备得到了γ-Na_x Co₂ O₄陶瓷,利用动态力学分析仪（DMA）在120～370 K和1～20 Hz的温度、频率范围内测量其内耗－温度谱,首次观测到γ-Na_x Co₂ O₄陶瓷在150 K附近的弛豫内耗峰,激活能为0.39 eV。采用高精度阻抗测量仪 (TH2816) 测量了γ-Na_x Co₂ O₄陶瓷在100～300 K,2 kHz～100 kHz的温度、频率范围内的阻抗－温度谱,观测到室温以下的阻抗弛豫峰,其激活能为0.13 eV,阻抗弛豫峰在外加磁场(1kGs)下向低温方向移动。这些结果表明:γ- Na_x Co₂ O₄陶瓷具有不同的力学和电学弛豫机制。     

Space experimental studies of microgravity fluid science in China

Microgravity fluid physics is an important part of microgravity sciences, which consists of simple fluids of many new systems, gas-liquid two-phase flow and heat transfer, and complex fluid mechanics. In addition to the importance of itself in sciences and applications, microgravity fluid physics closely relates to microgravity combustion, space biotechnology and space materials science, and promotes the developments of interdisciplinary fields. Many space microgravity experiments have been performed on board the recoverable satellites and space ships of China and pushed the rapid development of microgravity sciences in China. In the present paper, space experimental studies and the main results of the microgravity fluid science in China in the last 10 years or so are introduced briefly.     

He-Ar isotopic system of fluid inclusions in pyrite from the molybdenum deposits in south margin of North China Block and its trace to metallogenetic and geodynamic background

The helium and argon isotopic compositions of the ore-forming fluids from the molybdenum deposits such as Jinduicheng, Donggou, Shijiawan, and Sandaozhuang, which are located in the East Qinling molybdenum belt in south margin of North China Block （SMCNB）, are reported in this paper. The origin and the evolution of the ore-forming fluids and their coupled-relationships with the intra-continental collision and orogenic process of Qinling Orogen in Mesozoic-Cenozoic have been discussed. The 3He/4He and 40Ar/36Ar values （3He/4He=1.38-3.64 Ra, and 40Ar/36Ar=295.68-346.39, respectively） of the fluid inclusions in pyrite from the molybdenum deposits in East Qinling suggest that, the ore-forming fluid system is mixed by two end members. One is the high temperature deep-derived fluid congenetic with the porphyries generated by crust-mantle mixing, and the other is the low-temperature meteoric water which is rich in crustal radiogenic He with the component of atmospheric Ar. From the Pb isotopic composition, and ore-bearing potential of the porphyry and the regional stratum, we can conclude that the ore-forming materials of the deposits in the East Qinling molybdenum belt are derived from the deep source by the mixing of lower crust and upper mantle. Therefore, the formation of the molybdenum deposits in SMNCB can be related to the crust-mantle interaction, which is accompanied by the intra-continental orogenic and extension process in the post-collision period of Qinling Orogen. The granitic porphyries which are related to Mo mineralization are not simple crust-remelting type granites or S type granites, but belong to syntexis-type or mantle-derived granites, hence their formation has a profound and regional geodynamic background.     

Validation of full cavitation model in cryogenic fluids

Numerical simulation of cavitation in cryogenic fluids is important in improving the stable operation of the propulsion system in liquid-fuel rocket. It also represents a broader class of problems where the fluid is operating close to its critical point and the thermal effects of cavitation are pronounced. The present article focuses on simulating cryogenic cavitation by implementing the “full cavitation model”, coupled with energy equation, in conjunction with iterative update of the real fluid properties at local temperatures. Steady state computations are then conducted on hydrofoil and ogive in liquid nitrogen and hydrogen respectively, based on which we explore the mechanism of cavitation with thermal effects. Comprehensive comparisons between the simulation results and experimental data as well as previous computations by other researchers validate the full cavitation model in cryogenic fluids. The sensitivity of cavity length to cavitation number is also examined. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50706042)     

浅论内部审计的独立性

内部审计的独立性是其发挥作用的根本保证.独立性能够使内部审计师做出公正的裁断,有利于内部审计的正常实施.加强内部审计的独立性,必须加强内部审计的法制建设,保证审计人员的独立性,建立独立、健全的内审机构,提高内部审计人员素质等.     

微胶囊流体脉动热管的热输送特性

本文采用外径为2.5mm,内径为1.3mm的铜管,做成四环脉动热管,在不同工质（3％的FS-39E型微胶囊流体、乙醇、水、）、不同充液率（40％～80％）的条件下进行对比实验,探讨了工质和充液率对脉动热管热输送性能的影响。结果发现：与乙醇、水对比,微胶囊流体具有较宽的工作范围,尤其在高充液率的条件下,表现出良好的启动性能和热输送性能。     

板式蒸发式冷凝器传热传质的数值模拟

基于VOF算法,建立了板式蒸发式冷凝器气-液两相降膜流动传热传质的计算模型,该模型考虑了表面张力动量源项和气-液相间传热传质源项．并利用该模型,定量分析了不同壁面热流密度、液相进口温度和空气速度下竖直板面的温度分布、气-液界面处潜热和显热换热量的相对关系．计算结果显示,液膜和空气内温度随壁面热流密度的增大而增大,在气液界面处,温度梯度存在不连续;气-液相界面处的换热主要形式为水蒸发传质引起的潜热换热为主、空气显热传热为辅,并且传热热阻主要集中于水膜内;并且随风速的增加,相间传质量也随之增大．     

选择性催化还原脱硝系统烟道中导流板设计数值模拟

采用Fluent对4种选择性催化还原(SCR,selective catalytic reduction)脱销系统烟道弯曲段导流板设置方案进行了模拟,模拟过程基于标准K-ε湍流模型和2D模型,通过对速度分布图和进出口压力降的分析,探讨了导流板设置对烟道出口速度分布、压差和能量损耗的影响,得出结论:在烟道中设置导流板,可以显著改善流场的分布.而合理的导流板设计不仅能使流速变得均匀,而且还可以降低烟道的能量损失和压降.当导流板设计过大时,虽能更好的改善流场,但因其本身对流体阻力的增大,将导致烟道的能量损失和压降增大.研究结果对SCR脱销系统的研发提供了参考.     

新型双曲柄内齿环行星减速器的接触分析

针对目前环式减速传动在使用过程中轴承承栽能力较低、容易失效等问题,提出一种由渐开线行星齿轮传动和渐开线少齿差行星传动组合而成的两级新型双曲柄内齿环行星减速器.在对该减速器结构形式、传动原理及受力情况进行分析的基础上,为分析其承栽能力,建立了此新型传动形式的有限元接触分析模型.通过接触分析计算,得出齿面接触等效应力和实际接触齿对数,并在此基础上,对新型双曲柄内齿环行星减速器内啮合传动齿轮副进行了齿廓修形与有限元接佑触重分析.结果表明,修形后的传动齿轮副的承载能力得到了明显提高,具有工程实用性.