一种煤尘抑制剂的制备及评价

本文介绍了一种煤尘抑制剂的制备方法。制备方法是对水玻璃进行化学改性后,复合腐植酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠制得。结果表明,该抑制剂具有较好的固结性能及抑尘效果,且原料易得,合成方法简单,价格低廉。     

十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵存在下1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸和氨茶碱显色反应及氨茶碱测定

氨茶碱与1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵在pH=13.0的缓冲溶液中反应生成组成比为1∶2∶2红褐色产物(λmax=455nm),表观摩尔吸光系数ε=4.97×103L·mol-1.cm-1.氨茶碱的浓度在0.73～55μg·mL-1范围内与吸光度(A)呈现良好线性关系,线性回归方程为A=0.25841+0.0497C(×10-5mol.L-1),相关系数r=0.9956.回收率在96.5%以上.该方法用于测定注射液中氨茶碱的含量,结果满意.     

三苯基膦的合成研究

以金属钠、三氯化磷、氯苯为原料,甲苯为溶剂,一锅合成三苯基膦.该方法具有收率高、产品纯,反应引发易控制等特点,同时探讨了反应温度、物料配比对产率与产品质量的影响以及反应最佳条件的选择.     

Layered carbon-based pseudocapacitive materials for lithium/sodium-ion capacitor with high energy-power densities and long cycle life

Hybrid ion capacitors that combined high-power density of supercapacitor and high-energy density of battery are drawing attention to insufficient power densities of currently-used lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Two kinds of layered carbon-based pseudocapacitive materials were used as both anode and cathode for lithium/sodium ion capacitors(LICs/NICs) with balanced energy/power properties.As-assembled NIC and LIC could deliver the energy densities of 125.7 Wh kg~(-1)and 119.6 Wh kg~(-1) at the power density of 7941.2 W kg~(-1) and 8823.5 W kg~(-1),respectively.The electrochemical properties of NICs were better than that of LICs when the current density was below 4 A g ~(-1) although the working voltage of LIC is higher than that of NICs,and the size of Na ~(-1) is larger than that of Li~+.Using an instantaneous potential technique,it is found that the increase of the capacity for anode material in low potential region will effectively enhance the electrochemical performance for the full device.     

Effect of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone ) on the morph ology and physical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) /sodium montmorill onite nanocompos ite films

Nanocomposites of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA),poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)(PVP) and sodium montmorillonite(Na~+MMT) were prepared by solution mixing and then cast into films.X-ray diffraction analysis and images of transmission electron microscopy establish the formation of PVA/Na~+MMT intercalated nanocomposite.Exfoliated and highly intercalated PVA/PVP/Na~+MMT nanocomposite formed in the presence of PVP.Inclusion of PVP in PVA/Na~+MMT matrix enhances the hydrogen bonding interactions between PVA and Na~+MMT and thus increases the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PVA/PVP/Na~+MMT nanocomposites compared to PVA/Na~+MMT nanocomposite.The interactions between PVA,PVP and Na~+MMT were established by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The moisture absorption tendency of both the PVA and PVA/PVP films reduced after the incorporation of Na~+MMT at 75%constant relative humidity.Differential scanning calorimetry studies show that the presence of PVP and Na~+MMT both are responsible for reducing the heat of fusion,and crystallinity of PVA.The flow behavior of the PVA,PVA/PVP and its nanocomposite solutions has been also studied.Water vapor permeability of PVA/PVP/Na~+MMT composite films decreased in the presence of nanoclay due to increasing tortuous paths for diffusion.     

CdSe量子点作探针共振瑞利散射法测定葡聚糖硫酸钠

在乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,以巯基乙胺为稳定剂在水相中合成CdSe量子点,巯基乙胺自组装在量子点的表面葡聚糖硫酸钠（Dextran Sulfate Sodium,简称DSS）靠静电引力及疏水作用力结合形成粒径较大的聚集体,这种聚集体的形成导致共振瑞利散射（Resonance Rayleigh Scattering RRS）强度显著增大,最大散射峰位于536nm．同时二级散射（second-orderscattering SOS）和倍频散射（frequency-doublingscattering FDS）的强度也显著增强,最大散射峰分别位于785nm、290nm．其中,RRS方法有较高的灵敏度和较低的检出限,它的线性范围为0．012～1．0μg·mL^-1,检出限为3．68ng·mL-1．从而建立用CdSe量子点作为探针RRS法测定葡聚糖硫酸钠的灵敏度高,简便、快速的新方法．应用于尿样的测定结果令人满意．     

球形SiO2的制备研究

以硅酸钠为原料,乙酸乙酯为酸化剂,采用化学沉淀法制备了单分散球形SiO2颗粒。以粒径和球形度为考察对象,讨论了工艺因素对产品性能的影响,结果表明,最佳工艺条件为：反应温度40℃,硅酸钠浓度2％,搅拌速度400r／min,乙醇浓度7％,NaCl浓度1．0％。在此条件下制得的产物经TEM、XRD表征表明：SiO2颗粒基本为单分散、球形,平均粒径为120nm,且为无定形结构。     

十二烷基苯磺酸纳改性的镁铝水滑石吸附2,4-D除草剂的性能研究

采用共沉淀法合成了镁铝摩尔比分别为2∶1、3∶1、4∶1的镁铝水滑石.利用十二烷基苯磺酸钠对其进行改性,并研究了改性前后水滑石对2,4-D除草剂的吸附性能.实验结果表明:改性后水滑石的对2,4-D的吸附量增加了5-9倍.     

逆行胰胆管注射牛磺胆酸钠诱导重症急性胰腺模型多器官损害观察

摘要 探索逆行胰胆管注射牛磺胆酸钠诱导大鼠重症急性胰腺炎模型及胰腺外多器官损害情况。采用12周龄SD大鼠35只,随机分为对照组和实验组,各3组,实验组逆行胰胆管注射牛磺胆酸钠诱导大鼠重症急性胰腺炎模型,对照组仅开腹后拨动十二指肠降部。观察造模后6小时、12小时胰腺和腺外器官病理和血清学指标变化、腹水及48小时内生存率。结果：SAP模型大鼠48小时内90%死亡,胰腺进行性水肿、坏死,大量腹水渗出,心、肺、肝、肾均有不同程度受损。SD大鼠逆行胰胆管注射牛磺胆酸钠诱导的动物模型,是研究重症急性胰腺炎胰腺坏事、水肿和多器官进损害的良好模型。     

废弃光盘中银的次氯酸钠-水合肼联合提取

为提取废弃光盘反射层中的贵金属银,在常压非高温条件下联合次氯酸钠与水合肼对废弃光盘反射层中的贵金属银进行了提取。研究结果表明,次氯酸钠可使光盘反射层与盘基分离;并将银以氯化银形式析出,再通过氨水与氯化银络合后,与水合肼发生还原反应可将银以单质形态回收,银单质平均回收率高达92.99%。