分子印迹电化学法测定微囊藻毒素

以微囊藻毒素（MCLR）为研究对象,采用电聚合方式,用等摩尔（0.01 mol/L）间苯二酚和邻苯二胺的混合溶液作为单体,铁氰化钾为印迹电极和底液间的探针,构建了具有选择性检测微囊藻毒素(MCLR)方法．该传感器对微囊藻毒素(MCLR)具有良好的敏感度．通过示差脉冲法进行检测,线性范围为0.01～1.5 μg/mL．该方法的相对误差为9.1%;加标回收率为77.5%~110.0%;检出限0.008 4 μg/mL．     

分子动力学模拟Ag-Pd 双金属团簇中不同位置Ag 原子偏析诱导的异常熔化

在双金属团簇中任意两种元素表面能的差别都会在团簇形成时产生偏析, 从而影响团簇的熔化、原子排布和结构. 因此双金属团簇中原子偏析行为的研究可以为新型纳米结构的可控制备提供理论基础. 本文用分子动力学结合嵌入原子方法研究了分布在团簇的核心层和亚表面层的Ag 原子偏析对(AgPd)₁₄₇ 团簇熔化的影响. 结果表明Ag 在Pd 团簇的不同位置时能量不同,在表面层时最稳定, 其次是核心层, 最后是亚表面层. 这造成了核心层的Ag 原子偏析到团簇的亚表面层时, 团簇原子能量随温度的增加而增大. 而亚表面层Ag 原子的偏析会使团簇原子能量随温度的增加而减小. 这种异常熔化的程度与偏析原子个数有关. 这为双金属团簇熔化行为的调节提供了有效途径.     

取代芳烃与6种生物毒性的定量构效关系

根据成键原子的结构特征,提出了计算取代芳烃原子点价δi的新方法,并由δi建构了取代芳烃的分子连接性指数mXn,用mXn与取代芳烃对斜生栅列藻急性毒性,诱发浮萍萎黄病毒性、绿藻毒性、大型蚤毒性、斑马鱼毒性和金鱼毒性等6项生物活性相关联,获得令人满意的线性回归方程,相应的相关系数r依次为0.975 8、0.984 6、0....     

Gas-liquid phase coexistence and finite-size effects in a two-dimensional Lennard-Jones system

The gas-liquid phase coexistence in a two-dimensional Lennard-Jones system is investigated using Maxwell construction method together with molecular dynamics simulations.The results of phase coexistence in different truncations of the potential are compared with data obtained from the literature,and the corresponding critical properties calculated.The crossover from Ising-like to mean field behavior is observed and confirmed as the temperature approaches the critical point from below.Performing simulations on systems with different sizes,we find that a finite size effect is more significant than those shown in most of the previous results,and a lower critical temperature is obtained when the full extent of this finite size effect is considered.     

水溶性共轭聚合物PPEASO3分子量的粘度法估测

利用稀溶液粘度法对所合成的水溶性共轭聚合物PPEASO3的分子量进行了估测.先通过含0.1M NaNO3的PPEASO3水溶液的粘度测量数据求出其特性粘数[η],再利用Mark-Houwink方程[η]=KMαη和有关文献中的三种参考聚合物的K、α值计算得到聚合物的粘均分子量Mη,最后取其平均值得到PPEASO3的粘均分子量为Mη≈150KD.     

Tunable water-based lubrication behavior of alkyl- and fluoroalkyl-silanes

In this paper,we report the tribological properties of self-assembled molecular(SAM) films of fluoroalkylsilanes and non-fluoroalkylsilanes,with different chain-lengths,adsorbed on Si substrate surfaces by covalent bonds.The SAM films were characterized using a universal ball-disk experimental tester in aqueous solutions.The substrate surface was examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and the SAM films adsorbed on the Si surfaces were inspected by contact angle measurements and XPS.Lubrication studies revealed that several kinds of fluoroalkylsilanes had similar friction coefficients;the small differences were attributed to the chain flexibility.In contrast,differences in the aqueous lubrication properties of SAM films of non-fluoroalkylsilanes were clearly identified.It is suggested that substitution with fluorine atoms and the surface affinities of fluoroalkylsilanes contributed to redistribution of surface changes,causing variations in lubrication behaviors.     

The complete mitochondrial genome of the Chinese Sika deer (Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838), and phylogenetic analysis among Cervidae,Moschidae and Bovidae

The complete mitochondrial genomes of the Sichuan Sika deer (Cervus nippon sichuanicus) and the South China Sika deer (Cervus nippon kopschi) were determined. Their sizes were 16,429 and 16,428 base pairs, respectively. The similarity of the mitochondrial DNA genome among subspecies of the Chinese Sika deer was calculated, and the values estimated from complete nucleotide sequences and entire amino-acid sequences were 98.4–99.9% and 99.7–99.9%, respectively. Molecular phylogenetic analyses were conducted using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods based on the sequences of 12 concatenated heavy-strand encoded protein-coding genes. The consensus of phylogenetic trees supported the monophyly of Moschidae, Cervidae and Bovidae, and placed Moschidae as a sister group to Cervidae/Bovidae. The relationships among Chinese Sika deer inferred from the phylogenetic analysis were inconsistent with subspecies designations and the present geographic distribution. Our complete mitochondrial genomes will be available as important and basic data for phylogenetics, breeding, genetics and conservation in Cervidae.     

分子生物学实验教学改革的探讨

针对近年来高校对本科生开设分子生物学实验中出现的三种矛盾,根据多年的实验室建设和实验教学经验,文中对分子生物学实验课的开设提出4条革新意见,为前进中的本科生生物类实验课的改革方面提供参考。     

体相CO2约化自扩散系数的标度律关联模型

用巨正则转换矩阵蒙特卡罗（GC-TMMC）和分子动力学（MD）模拟方法研究了体相CO2单位分子的过剩熵与其约化自扩散系数（D*s）的标度关系。过剩熵主要考虑3种定义：总体过剩熵sex，以分子重心径向分布函数定义的二体熵s(2)c和所有原子径向分布函数定义的二体熵s(2)t。结果表明，总体过剩熵sex与D*s之间存在明显的标度关系，并且独立于状态点所处的相态，可以用热力学量-过剩熵来关联动力学量-自扩散系数（约化方式）；二体熵在小于超临界温度范围内的标度结果偏离了-sex-D*s的“共同曲线”。本文拓展了过剩熵标度律在分子流体中的应用范围，得到了其在体相CO2自扩散系数关联中的应用规律。     

介孔MTS-1催化剂的合成及其光催化活性研究

以水热合成的微孔TS-1分子筛为基体,通过有机碱改性处理制备了介孔MTS-1催化剂.利用X-射线衍射、N2吸脱附等温线、紫外-可见光谱和透射电镜等方法对催化剂的形貌及表面特性进行了系统表征.数据表明,改性处理能明显提高材料的比表面积和孔体积.在紫外光照射下,以罗丹明B(RhB)作为光催化降解探针分子,探讨了MTS-1催化剂的光催化活性.TS-1及M-TS-1催化剂对RhB的光催化降解反应遵循一级反应动力学.TS-1和MTS-1在反应初期表现出相近的催化活性,随着反应时间的延长,MTS-1的光催化活性明显优于TS-1.