Components of biological,including seasonal,variation in hematological measurements and plasma fibrinogen concentrations in normal humans

This study has been carried out in order to examine the components of biologicalaand, in particular, seasonal variation in hematologic measurements in normal humans. Toward this end, 26 normal volunteers had monthly blood samplings during one calendar year for determination of number of red blood cells (RBC) and platelets, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), MC Hb (MCH), MC Hb concentration (MCHC), RBC distribution width (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), and plasma fibrinogen concentrations. The data were analyzed by means of spectral analyses of a group of time series or a single time series, and by means of repeated measures analyses of variance. Most of the hematologic variables show seasonal rhythms, such as annual rhythms or harmonics, which are expressed as a group phenomenon. An important part of the variance (>15%) in Ht, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, number of platelets, MPV and plasma fibrinogen was explained by a yearly variation. The peak-trough differences (expressed as a percentage of the mean) in the yearly variations in number of RBC, Ht, MCV, MCH, MCHC and RDW were very low (all<8.5%). Number of platelets (14.4%) and plasma fibrinogen values (28%) showed a high-amplitude yearly variation. All hematological variables, except MCHC, show a high interindividual variability which exceeds by far the intraindividual variability.     

X控制图的两类误判概率及其计算

本文提出了控制图的两类误判概率的概念,並给出了它们在头十点的逐点计算公式及相应的值。在进行上述讨论时,我们把所有的判别规则看作一个整体,同时也把从第一点开始的各点也看作一整体来加以考虑。此外,文中还对头50个点的两类误判概率作了模拟计算。这些计算出来的值可以作为使用控制图时的可靠性指标。同时,所有这些讨论对研究、补充或修改现行的判别规则将是有益的。     

The possible involvement of protein kinase C and phospholipase A2 inHydra tentacle regeneration

The participation of protein kinase C (PKC) in the regeneration of tentacles ofHydra vulgaris was studied. Regeneration was induced by 1,2-sn-dioctanoyl-glycerol (diC₈) and the novel diterpenoidic diacylglycerol verrucosin B (VB), a potent PKC activator extracted from marine sources. VB substantially increasedHydra average tentacle number (ATN) at concentrations 10,000 times lower than those needed for diC₈ to exert an analogous effect. When both synthetic and natural VB analogues were tested, the structure/activity relationship found inHydra tentacle regeneration was identical to that known for DAG-induced activation of PKC in vitro. VB-induced increase of ATN was strongly counteracted by the PKC inhibitors sphingosine and A3, but was not synergic with a tenfold increase of extracellular Ca²⁺ concentration or with an increase of intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration obtained either with the ionophore A23187 or with thapsigargin. This suggested the involvement of a non-Ca²⁺-dependent PKC in VB-triggeredHydra tentacle regeneration. The involvement of phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) activation inHydra regenerative processes was studied using the novel site-specific inhibitor of the enzyme, oleyloxyethylphosphorylcholine (OOPC), which brought about a striking inhibition of ATN in the low molar range. This effect was reversed by arachidonic acid (AA), while an enhancement of ATN was also observed with an inhibitor of AA uptake from membrane phospholipids, thus suggesting that PLA₂-catalysed liberation of AA is involved inHydra tentacle regeneration. OOPC also blocked verrucosin B-induced PKC-mediated enhancement of ATN, thus suggesting that this effect is also mediated by PLA₂ activation. ATN was increased also by compound 48/80, a direct activator of pertussis toxin-sensitive GTP-binding proteins, and this effect was counteracted by pertussis toxin pretreatment. None of the known AA cascade inhibitors exhibited an effect on ATN comparable to that exerted by OOPC, but, surprisingly, the cycloxygenase inhibitor indomethacin strongly enhanced ATN, thus suggesting that prostanoids might effect a negative control onHydra regenerative processes. This represents the first attempt so far reported to study the implication of more than one biochemical pathway as a signalling event in the hydroid regenerative processes.     

空间用电子束焊枪电子光学系统的设计

介绍了国内外空间焊接技术的研究状况，提出了我国空间用电子束焊枪的静电聚焦设计方案，初步分析了构成电子束束斑的物理因素，并分析了计算机辅助设计计算的结果，得到了合理几何参数，从而为设计空间用电子束焊枪电子光学系统提供了参考依据．     

用笔记本电脑配合半站仪放样基桩点

通过对某大桥桥墩的放样实践，提出应用笔记本电脑配合半站仪放样测量，可以达到简化复杂计算，缩短作业时间，提高作业效率的目的。     

Sol-Gel法制备PI/SiO2纳米复合薄膜及结构与性能

采用溶胶凝胶法（Sol-Gel）制备了二氧化硅不同质量分数的聚酰亚胺/二氧化硅（PI/SiO₂）纳米复合薄膜。并用TEM、力学性能、吸水性能及介电性能测试等方法研究了薄膜的结构与性能。结果表明，SiO₂微粒均匀分散在PI基体中，粒径随着SiO₂含量的增加而增大；当SiO₂质量分数在20%以内时对PI基体有增强作用，且在10%左右拉伸强度达到最大，而吸水率逐渐减小，介电常数则变化不大。     

31P-NMR技术考察CD/SF 5W/30通用内燃机油中ZDDP在行车试验中的氧化降解机理

文中应用³¹P-NMR技术考察了CD/SF 5W/30通用内燃机油中二烷基二硫代磷酸锌（ZDDP）添加剂在行车试验条件下的氧化降解机理。研究结果表明，ZDDP的氧化降解，首先是形成硫代磷酸酯以及硫代磷酸盐，其最终氧化降解产物是磷酸酯（盐）。ZDDP的氧化降解是导致内燃机油失效的重要原因。     

SiC颗粒表面处理对6066 Al基复合材料力学性能的影响

分别对SiC颗粒进行高温氧化、酸洗和高温氧化后再酸洗等表面处理，采用粉末冶金工艺制备了SiC颗粒增强的6066Al基复合材料。金相显微照片、扫描电镜照片和室温拉伸性能分析结果表明：采用氧化和酸洗表面处理工艺能使SiC颗粒产生明显钝化，且随着氧化时间的延长，钝化效果提高，SiC颗粒分布更均匀；随着氧化时间的延长，复合材料的抗拉强度σb和断裂韧性K1C提高，且酸洗态的性能优于相应氧化态的性能；6066Al基复合材料的力学性能除与SiC颗粒分布的均匀程度有关外，还与颗粒的形状以及复合材料的界面状况有关。     

船用活塞环的离子软氮化及摩擦磨损特性

用离子软氮化工艺对船用活塞环进行了表面处理，测量了在不同条件下未经表面处理和表面经过离子软氮化处理的活塞环的磨损失重和摩擦系数，并对润滑油进行了光谱分析和铁谱分析．结果表明，在流体润滑和混合润滑状态，经离子软氮化处理的活塞环具有较高的耐磨性，且润滑性亦能得到改善，使缸套的磨损减小。     

晋普山3#煤采场冒顶事故浅析及防治对策

分析了采场老顶来压规律及其对采场冒顶事故的影响，针对冒顶事故的发生提出有效的预防措施。