立面1R2T三自由度绳牵引并联机构的位姿运动学分析

给出所设计的立面1R2T三自由度绳牵引并联机构的模型;在该模型的竖直平面上对末端执行器进行了详尽的位姿运动学分析,提出了封闭矢量四边形法则在求解所有的不规则几何图形的位姿运动学逆解时都适用的观点.文中运用力矩平衡法确定其质心位置的方法;又根据封闭矢量四边形法则,建立了运动学位姿逆解模型,利用Moore-Penrose逆求解运动学位姿正解;最后在所规划的椭圆轨迹下,采用Simulink仿真软件进行了末端执行器的运动轨迹和绳长变化规律的仿真.研究表明:在所规划椭圆轨迹下,所有绳长的变化是连续的;位姿运动学正逆解相互验证表明所采用的算法是正确且通用的.     

六自由度绳牵引并联机构的轨迹规划

建立所设计的六自由度绳牵引并联机构的运动学逆解模型后，提出1种计算拉力的算法，以动平台末端执行器能实现∞型的轨迹为目标，进行运动规划，研究绳的运动特性。仿真结果表明，绳的速度值和加速度值，始终不大于动平台末端执行器的速度值和加速度值，绳的加速度值和末端执行器的加速度值，同属1个数量级。同时，一些绳的拉力的变化不大(处于“关”的状态)；而另外一些绳的拉力的变化很大(处于“开”的状态)，这些运动轨迹规划的仿真结果，能为以后该机构的运动控制方案的研究以及控制系统的设计，提供依据。文中提出的运动轨迹规划方法，它对一般的六自由度绳牵引并联机构都适用。     

平面2自由度冗余并联机构的运动学分析

该文详细描述了机构运动学分析中的位置正解和位置逆解之间的关系,分析了解析法和代数法求解的优缺点。利用代数解析法原理分别求出一种平面2自由度冗余并联机构的运动学逆解和运动学正解,通过解的对比可知,逆解不唯一,共有8组,正解也不唯一,共有2组。利用位置方程求出速度雅克比矩阵的表达形式。利用MATLAB软件,对该机构的运动轨迹包括沿直线行走和沿圆弧行走的轨迹进行运动学仿真,求解出速度、加速度曲线。     

一种新型起重机器人的运动学分析与应用

阐述了绳牵引并联机构的特点及其在起重领域的应用,提出了1种新型起重机器人的构型设计,建立了该机构的运动学模型并对其进行位置分析和静力学分析,得到了该机构的位置正解和位置反解。在静力学分析的基础上,给出了确定工作空间的条件,并在MATHEMATICA环境下编程仿真,得到了该起重机器人的工作空间。最后对其水平控制功能进行了验证。     

基于Matlab的六自由度工业机器人运动学逆解分析及仿真

在Matlab环境下对六自由度工业机器人进行运动学逆解研究,以ER7B-C10机器人为研究对象,使用D-H法进行各关节坐标系建立及参数设计,推导出正运动学方程。鉴于目前应用较为广泛的解析法求逆解仍然存在不足之处,运用几何法求解逆运动方程,在Matlab中利用Robotics Toolbox搭建仿真结构,直接调用Robotics Toolbox工具箱中ikine函数。由于迭代过程的收敛性导致验证过程中存在无解或少解的情况,因此对所求逆解的可靠性增加验证设计来证明几何法求逆解方法可行。对机器人模型在空间轨迹及各关节的位移、速度和加速度等内容进行了仿真分析,结果验证了ER7B-C10机器人运动的可行性,为后续分析机器人动力学、轨迹规划提供了运动学参考。     

6自由度绳牵引并联机构的运动学参数标定

首先提出一种8根绳牵引的转动自由度解耦的6自由度并联机构,并建立其运动学模型．接着引入用 2个倾角计对6自由度绳牵引并联机构进行运动学参数标定的方法,并利用该方法对该机构的49个主要运动学参数进行辨识．最后,通过计算机仿真,对辨识结果进行验证,从而为提高该机构动平台的位姿精度莫定理论基础．这种标定方法适用于一般6自由度绳牵引并联机构的运动学参数标定,在标定时也可用相似的测量仪器来代替倾角计．同时,可在控制系统中在线嵌入其对应的标定修正模块,以便连续地补偿机构的运动学参数误差．     

关节角参数化结合接近矢量可行方向的五自由度机械臂逆运动学求解

五自由度的机械臂无法达到任意位姿，采用传统的位姿描述方式进行逆运动学求解时，极易产生无解的情况。文中以一种适用于清洁、喷涂、焊接等作业的、由4个旋转关节和1个移动关节构成的五自由度机械臂为例，建立运动学模型并进行逆运动学分析，在此基础上，提出一种关节角参数化结合接近矢量可行方向的逆运动学求解方法。该方法基于自由度约束的末端位姿描述，先通过关节角参数化将末端执行器的运动空间由三维降为二维，再采用几何法分析末端执行器在不同目标位置（远端、中间端、近端）时的接近矢量的可行方向，从而避免参数盲目取值，确保运动学逆解的存在，然后根据运动连续性和各关节的运动范围从中筛选出最优解。路径规划仿真结果表明，实际路径与规划路径非常吻合，关节运动平稳，证明了所提方法的可行性和准确性。文中研究的五自由度机械臂具有一定的代表性，逆运动学求解方法计算复杂度低，求解过程较为简便，求解思路可为欠自由度机械臂的逆运动学求解提供借鉴。     

两自由度绳牵引并联机构

对两自由度绳牵引并联机构作系统研究，进行运动学、静力学和动力学的分析．设计出控制系统，并在Simulink下完成系统仿真．提出求运动学正解的新算法，可以显著减小系统误差；抽出新的拉力分布方法并利用绳牵引并联机构的拉力应满足的条件。建立一个线性规划的标准模型．用单纯形法可以方便地求出绳的拉力．并确保满足绳拉力大于零的条件，且拉力的分布更加合理．仿真结果验证以上算法的正确性．     

含弹性索的绳牵引并联机构的动力学和末端轨迹控制

为了能为实际应用提供更多的机构构型选择及更有效地研究机构动力学和轨迹控制问题,以2索(一索为弹性索;另一索为普通无质量无弹性刚性索)牵引末端执行器实现2个方向平动运动的2T机构为例,研究其动力学和末端轨迹控制问题.首先,在末端执行器运动方程的基础上,推导机构系统的逆动力学公式,给出机构动力学系统的状态空间表示及体现其具有微分平坦性的非正式表达;接着,利用非线性控制理论的线性化过程严格证明该微分平坦性,并获得微分平坦输出量和微分同胚于机构动力学系统的拥有Brunovsky正则形式的线性化和解耦化的等价系统;最后,通过针对该等价系统设计外环线性状态反馈控制器,实现末端执行器的渐近稳定轨迹跟踪,并进行实例控制仿真研究.结果表明:控制仿真可实现末端轨迹渐近稳定跟踪,稳定之后的跟踪误差值为0;但在稳定之前存在轨迹跟踪误差和振荡时间,这可通过优化反馈控制增益或修正反馈控制器来改善.     

绳牵引并联机器人的样条函数法运动轨迹规划

利用样条函数法,提出绳牵引并联机器人运动轨迹的规划方法,即各根绳的运动采用样条函数来拟合.方法简单、计算量小,不会出现奇异点问题,又可生成光滑平稳的、无噪声的绳的长度值和速度值之变化轨迹.但绳的加速度值变化轨迹存在突变点,在控制时可能出现绳的颤振问题.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.