石膏性质对半水硫酸钙晶须形貌的影响

探讨了以石膏为原料,用水热法制半水硫酸钙(CaSO4.0.5H2O)晶须的可行性,侧重考察了石膏(CaSO4.2H2O)性质对水热产物形貌的影响.结果表明,以纯石膏、工业副产石膏(磷石膏、脱硫石膏)或合成石膏(由电石渣或氧化钙与硫酸反应制得)为原料,用水热法均可制备半水硫酸钙晶须.纯石膏晶粒度较大,磷石膏含杂较多,二者只能合成短棒状晶须.脱硫石膏和合成石膏的晶粒度小、含杂少,更有利于形成高长径比晶须.     

对杭州市环保产业发展的五项建议

1 热电厂脱硫产物的开发利用⒈ 脱硫剂为石灰石矿浆(CaCo3),联产石膏建材 CaCo3 ↓ 含SO2烟气→ 脱硫 → 空气氧化 → CaSO4 ? 2H2O 二水石膏 ↓ 加热 CaSO4 ? 1/2H2O 半水石膏⒉ 脱硫剂为白云石(CaSO3 ? MgCo3)矿浆,脱硫产物为二水石膏和硫酸镁 CaSO3 ? MgCo3 ↓ 含SO2烟气→ 脱硫 → 空气氧化 → 分离 → MgCo4? 7H2O ↓ 七水硫酸镁 CaSO4? 2H2O 二水石膏⒊ 脱硫剂为软锰矿浆(MnO2),其脱硫产物为硫酸锰 MnO2 ↓ 含SO2烟气→ 脱硫 → 净化 → MnSO4? H2O 硫酸锰工业城市大气的污染源主要是SO2、NOx和NOx、HC、C…     

沉淀法制备高比表面积SiO2的工艺研究

以Na2SiO3·9H2O、H2SO4为原料,沉淀法路线合成高比表面积SiO2.实验考察了反应温度、H2SO4溶液浓度、Na2SiO3溶液浓度、反应终点pH值、表面活性剂添加量、后处理试剂、干燥方式等因素对SiO2比表面积的影响.采用BET低温液氮吸附比表面分析仪、热重分析仪、场发射扫描电镜、激光粒度分析仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪等分析仪器对SiO2样品进行表征.结果表明,在c(H2SO4)=1.5mol/L、w(Na2SiO3)=6.3%、反应温度t=60℃、pH值为5,用正丁醇置换水等实验条件下,可制得SiO2粉末比表面积为841m2/g,相较于一般沉淀SiO2300～400m2/g的比表面积有明显提高.     

介质阻挡放电模拟烟气脱硫

应用介质阻挡放电方法在高温、不用催化剂的条件下,将模拟烟气中的SO2直接氧化成雾状H2SO4微粒,再采用静电收雾器回收,实现了资源化烟气脱硫.并就SO2原始浓度、H2O浓度以及等离子体反应时间等因素对SO2脱除率的影响进行了实验研究,结果表明,在SO2体积分数为400×10-6,O2浓度为21.0%,H2O浓度为4.0%条件下,SO2脱除率最高,达到了84.0%.     

高硫煤分解磷石膏影响因素研究

在快速升温条件下,对高硫煤的反应物配比、物料粒径以及反应温度对还原分解磷石膏时气体中SO2的浓度、磷石膏中主要成分CaSO4的分解率和脱硫率的影响,结果表明在C/S(摩尔比)在0.7、温度大于1 000℃时,可使SO2浓度大于20%,磷石膏中CaSO4分解率大于90%,脱硫率大于85%.为高硫煤还原分解磷石膏制取高浓度SO2提供工艺技术参数和理论依据.以解决现行工艺中分解磷石膏时产气SO2浓度低且波动大,制酸成本高等问题;同时固体残渣还能作为制水泥的原料.     

太阳能硅制备过程湿法提纯SiO2的研究

研究了SiO2体系中去除金属和非金属杂质的方法.考察了浸出剂浓度、温度、反应时间、搅拌等因素的影响,采用ICP、SEM等对产品进行了表征,分析了不同工艺条件对杂质去除率的影响程度.当工艺条件为:w(HF)=1.0%与w(H2C2O4)=1.5%在100℃温度下处理60~150目的石英粉4 h,Fe、Ca和P的去除率分别达到了99.8%,72.7%和67.8%,湿法冶金可以去除SiO2中的绝大部分Fe杂质和大部分Ca和P杂质,反应前30 min为化学反应控制,后转为内扩散控制.     

新型LF深脱硫精炼渣脱硫的实验研究

对在原渣系中加入不同质量分数的BaO、Li2O、B2O3和CaF2形成的新渣系,通过正交实验法进行脱硫实验分析。结果表明,对新渣系脱硫率影响从大到小依次是B2O3、Li2O、CaF2、BaO,加入添加剂之后的新渣系脱硫率都在80%以上;添加剂含量为w(BaO)=4%～6%、w(Li2O)=7%～10%、w(B2O3)=3%～4%和w(CaF2)≤3%时,渣系的脱硫效果最佳,实验室条件下能将钢中硫降至0.002%以内。     

间接电合成对溴苯甲酸的研究

在高剪切混合乳化机搅拌下,采用Cr2O72-/Cr3 作媒质间接电合成对溴苯甲酸.槽外反应的优选条件:原料配比n(Cr2O72-)∶n(p BrC6H4CH3)=1∶3,c(H2SO4)为7.0mol/L,反应温度120℃,反应时间45min,对溴苯甲酸反应收率81.28%,纯度99.71%.     

非电解质乙二醇水溶液脱硫石膏制备高强石膏

研究了常压非电解质乙二醇-水溶液脱硫石膏制备α-半水石膏工艺,对转化过程和产物特性做了表征分析;研究了不同金属离子对于转化过程的调控作用,对调控机制作了分析。结果表明脱硫石膏在乙二醇水溶液中(乙二醇浓度80 mol%,反应温度95℃)可成功转化为α-半水石膏;微量金属阳离子K~+,Mg~(2+)的添加可显著加快转化速率,而Fe~(3+)的加入则会减缓转化;添加K~+产物α-半水石膏晶体呈梭子状,添加Mg~(2+)后可获得细长α-半水石膏晶须,而添加Fe~(3+)后则获得扁平硬币状α-半水石膏晶体;金属阳离子对于转化速率和产物形貌的调控主要通过影响溶液pH及晶体表面选择性吸附实现,确切的机理还需进一步分析表征。研究内容将有助于常压非电解质醇水溶液α-半水石膏制备技术的发展,并利于脱硫石膏的高附加值资源化利用。     

Zn_2SO_4(OH)_2·2H_2O与ZnO晶须的制备及其生长机制

以Zn2SO4·7H2O为原料,Na OH为沉淀剂,采用液相沉淀及烧结方法制备了Zn2SO4(OH)2·2H2O与Zn O晶须,样品采用XRD、SEM及TG-DTA等对样品物相、形貌及热行为进行了表征,结果表明晶须品质优良:其分散性好,粒度分布均匀、表面光滑。又从"生长基元"角度出发,讨论了Zn2SO4(OH)2·2H2O晶须的形成机制,其生长过程是生长基元八面体[Zn-(OH)6]4-与HSO-4往某一晶面稳定叠合生长的结果,Zn2SO4(OH)2·2H2O晶须经热分解后,其形貌不变,最终变为Zn O晶须。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to