不同产地文冠木中槲皮素与总黄酮含量的比较研究

采用反相高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和紫外分光光度法测定不同产地文冠木中槲皮素和总黄酮的含量.结果显示HPLC测定槲皮素含量在0.40μg/mL-8.0μg/mL范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.9992),平均加样回收率为99.00%,(RSD=2.44%);7个不同产地的文冠木中槲皮素含量为0.0088%-0.0143 %,总黄酮以芦丁计在8μg/mL-48μg/mL范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9993),平均加样回收率为101.3%,(RSD=1.45%);7个不同产地的文冠木中总黄酮含量为3.27%-10.57%.不同产地的总黄酮含量分布与槲皮素基本相似,其中以内蒙古鄂尔多斯产文冠木中的槲皮素和总黄酮含量最高,安徽毫州产的最低.该方法准确、灵敏、稳定,可用于文冠木药材的质量监控与评价.     

HPLC法测定银杏叶提取物中总黄酮醇苷的含量

目的：建立测定银杏叶提取物中总黄酮醇苷的含量测定方法.方法：用HPLC方法对测定银杏叶提取物中总黄酮醇苷进行含量测定研究.色谱柱采用Diamonsil C18（200×4.6 mm 5μm）,以甲醇-0.4%磷酸溶液（52∶48）为流动相,检测波长为360 nm;流速为1.0 mL/min.结果：槲皮素在0.174-0.870μg线性关系良好（r=0.999 8,n=5）,山柰素在0.117-0.585μg线性关系良好（r=0.999 8,n=5）,异鼠李素在0.040 8-0.204μg线性关系良好（r=0.999 9,n=5）;槲皮素、山柰素、异鼠李素的平均回收率（n=5）分别为99.96%、99.24%、100.46%.结论：本方法操作简便,重现性好,专属性强,可作银杏叶提取物中总黄酮醇苷的质量控制方法.     

阿尔泰狗哇花总黄酮和总皂苷定量分析方法研究

采用分光光度法,以槲皮素为对照品经AlCl3-NaAc显色测定总黄酮含量,以齐墩果酸为对照品经香草醛-高氯酸显色测定总皂苷含量.分析结果表明,原药材中总黄酮和总皂苷的含量分别为17.79和40.86 mg/g,线性范围分别为30.6～112.2μg(r=0.999 7)和20～60μg(r=0.999 7),平均回收率分别为97.7%(RSD=2.4%,n=5)和98.7%(RSD=0.98%,n=5).该法简便、准确、灵敏度高、重现性好,也可用于阿尔泰狗哇花总黄酮和总皂苷产品的含量测定.     

HPLC法测定不同时间采集照山白中槲皮素的含量

目的:比较采集时间不同的照山白中有效成分槲皮素的含量,制定最好的采集时间.方法:采用HPLC法,Centur SILC18-EPS色谱柱(200×4.6 mm,5μm)流动相为甲醇-0.2%磷酸(40:60),检测波长为360nh.测定不同采集时间10批照山白中槲皮素的含量.结果:槲皮素的平均回收率99.94%;RSD为2.14%;10批样品中槲皮素的含量最高的是9月份采集药材.结论:照山白中槲皮素的含量随着采集时间不同而变化.     

桑叶黄酮提取及其含量测定

本文采用沸水提取桑叶,水提取液经D-101大孔吸附树脂吸附富集,然后用80%的乙醇洗脱,对桑叶中的总黄酮进行提取、精制;对提取物进行水解,进行高压液相色谱分析,结果证实桑叶含有黄酮甙,其甙元为槲皮素和山奈酚,含量试验表明桑叶中总黄酮甙含量为1.26%,上述工艺所得精制桑叶总黄酮中总黄酮甙含量为44.15%。     

HPLC法测定沙棘籽粕中槲皮素山柰酚和异鼠李素的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱测定沙棘籽粕中槲皮素、山奈酚和异鼠李素含量测定方法.方法:采用Kromasil C18(4.6㎜×250㎜,5μm)色谱柱,流速1 mL/min.流动相:甲醇-水(含磷酸0.04%)为50∶50;检测波长为360 nm;柱温35℃.结果:3种成分均达到基线分离,槲皮素、山奈酚和异鼠李素的线性范围分别为0.0895~1.79μg(r=0.9998),0.0565~1.13μg(r=0.9999),0.088~1.76μg(r=0.9997);回收率为100.7%(RSD=2.1%),98.5%(RSD=1.7%),100.5%(RSD=1.5%).结论:此方法简便、重现性良好、结果准确可靠,可用于槲皮素山柰酚和异鼠李素的含量测定.     

黔东南州产青钱柳黄酮类成分的含量测定研究

建立高效液相色谱法测定青钱柳中槲皮素、山柰素的含量,并测定黔东南州不同产地青钱柳中槲皮素、山柰素的含量。高效液相色谱法,色谱柱Symmetry C18(5μm,150×4.6 mm,Waters);流动相:甲醇-0.4%磷酸溶液(50;50);检测波长:360 nm;柱温:30℃;流速:1.0 m L·min-1;进样量:10μl。经实验得知黔东南州不同产区的青钱柳中槲皮素、山柰素含量存在一定的差异,槲皮素的含量范围大概为0.663 2~0.814 7 mg/g;山柰素的含量范围大概为0.587 1~0.715 5 mg/g。     

催化动力学光度法测定漏芦花中槲皮素

基于稀H2SO4介质中,槲皮素对KBrO3氧化甲基橙褪色反应的明显催化作用,建立了测定槲皮素含量的动力学光度法.采用回流法提取漏芦花中槲皮素,用催化动力学光度法测定其含量,检测波长为517nm,当甲基红、硫酸、KBrO3的用量分别为1.00 mL、0.30mL、0.25 mL,反应温度80 ℃,反应时间5 min时,该法测定槲皮素的线性范围为0.00～0.05 mg/L,检出限为0.002mg/L.样品中槲皮素平均含量为0.269×10-3mg/g(n=5),平均回收率介于92.48%～95.10%.     

催化动力学光度法测定冷蒿中槲皮素

基于稀H2SO4介质中,槲皮素对KBrO3氧化甲基橙褪色反应的明显催化作用,建立了测定槲皮素的动力学光度法.当甲基红、硫酸、KBrO3的用量分别为1.00mL、0.30mL、0.25mL,反应温度70℃,反应时间5min时,测定槲皮素的线性范围为0.00～0.05 mg/L,检出限为0.002mg/L.利用此法测定了冷蒿中槲皮素含量,平均含量为0.2439×10-4 mg/g(n=4),加标回收率介于91.8%～96.9%,结果满意.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定罗布麻浸膏粉中金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、槲皮素的含量

采用HPLC法同时测定罗布麻浸膏粉中金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、槲皮素的含量.色谱柱为YMC-Pack C18(250×4.6 mm),流动相为乙腈-甲醇(10∶1)和0.4%磷酸,梯度洗脱;二极管阵列检测器:检测波长360 nm;分别以金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、槲皮素对照品为外标,用标准曲线法进行定量.在0.25~10μg/mL的范围内,金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、槲皮素的浓度与吸收峰面积之间线性关系良好,相关系数分别为r金丝桃苷=0.999 4、r异槲皮苷=0.999 5、r槲皮素=0.999 6,回收率在85.57%~99.96%之间(RSD小于4.45%).     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.