热壁外延（HWE）制造PbTe／PbSnTe异质结和超晶格

本文于国内首次报导，利用简化的热壁外延（ＨＷＥ）装置在ＢａＦ２（１１１）衬底上生长了Ⅳ－Ⅵ族半导体单晶外延层，制备了ＰｂＴｅ／ＰｂＳｎＴｅ异质结和具有２０个周期的超晶格。测试结果表明，所制备的外延层的晶体结构完美，异质结具有良好的整流特性。通过Ｘ－光衍射求出了超晶格的周期。超晶格样品（２２２）衍射峰的卫生峰不对称，说明样品内有应变。     

X射线双晶衍射研究LP－MOVPE生长的InGaAs／GaAs应变超晶格

用金属有机气相外延（ＬＰ－ＭＯＶＰＥ）生长了一系列具有不同应变、不同周期以及不同缓冲层的ＩｎＧａＡｓ／ＧａＡｓ应变超晶格．用Ｘ射线双晶衍射方法得到了样品的摇摆曲线．结合计算机模拟得到了样品的应变、组分等结构参数．对不同缓冲层的超晶格结构也进行了分析     

Ge_xSi_（1－x）／Si应变超晶格的质量鉴别

采用分子束外延（ＭＢＥ）方法生长了ＧｅｘＳｉ１－ｘ／Ｓｉ应变超晶格．利用Ｘ射线双晶衍射、小角衍射和宽角衍射方法测量了超晶格样品的实验衍射曲线．运用Ｘ射线运动学理论和动力学理论，分析、模拟了样品的实验曲线，得到了精确的定量结构参数数据．并根据实验曲线中衍射峰的位置和分布情况对应变超晶格的生长质量做了评价．     

GaAs（001）衬底上经双缓冲层生长的Hg1—xCdxTe—HgTe超晶格结构

用X－射线衍射测定了分析束外延（MBE）法生生长的Hg1-xCdxTe-HgTe超晶格样品在（001）附近的扫描徊摆曲线,并用动力学理论模拟计算出衍射曲线,产验曲线与理论计算基本上相符合,由实验衍射曲线计算出的超晶格周期长度,阱HgTe层厚度及垒Hg1-xCdxTe层厚度与模拟计算的相一致,用透射电子显微镜（TEM）对同一样品的横截面进行了分析,对CdTe/ZnTe/GaAs异质结界面失配位错的组态特征进行了研究,证明用CdTe/ZnTe作为双缓冲层比单一的CdTe有较好的效果,截面TEM稿分辨率明场象显示Hg1-xCdxTe-HgTe超晶格的生长较为成功,界面较为平整,由截面TEM高分辨明场象观测的周期长度与X－射线衍射测定的结果相接近。     

InGaAsP/InP异质界面的X射线双晶衍射测量

本文利用X射线双晶衍射测量LPE生长的InGaAsP/InP异质结的R-C曲线,得到了异质结的垂直失配和水平失配.在考虑存在失配位错的情况下,计算了驰豫晶格失配、曲率半径和失配位错密度.指出了影响外延层R-C曲线半峰宽的因素.     

X射线双晶衍射研究LP—MOVPE生长的InGaAs／GaAs应变超晶格

用金属有机气相外延生长了一系列具有不同应变、不同周期以及不同缓冲层的ＩｎＧａＡｓ应变超晶格。用Ｘ射线双晶衍射方法得到了样品的摇摆曲线。结合计算机模拟得到了样品的应变、组分等结构参数。对不同缓冲层的超晶格结构也进行了分析。     

电化学制备Ni—Cu／Cu超晶格多层膜

采用单槽双脉冲恒电位制备了超晶格Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ／Ｃｕ多层膜,测试结果表明：Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ层与Ｃｕ层间界面清晰,各层均匀连续相互覆盖,具有良好的周期结构,Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ４．６ｎｍ／Ｃｕ３．４ｎｍ具有良好外延生长的超晶格结构,铜－镍生长的择优了向面为（１１１）晶面,该材料表现出特殊的阳极溶解性能。     

GaAs(001)衬底上经双缓冲层生长的Hg_(1-x)Cd_xTe-HgTe超晶格结构

用 X-射线衍射测定了分子束外延 ( MBE)法生长的 Hg1-x Cdx Te- Hg Te超晶格样品在 ( 0 0 1 )附近的扫描徊摆曲线 ,并用动力学理论模拟计算出衍射曲线 ,实验曲线与理论计算基本上相符合 .由实验衍射曲线计算出的超晶格周期长度 ,阱 Hg Te层厚度及垒 Hg1-x Cdx Te层厚度与模拟计算的相一致 .用透射电子显微镜 ( TEM)对同一样品的横截面进行了分析 ,对 Cd Te/Zn Te/Ga As异质结界面失配位错的组态特征进行了研究 .证明用 Cd Te/Zn Te作为双缓冲层比单一的 Cd Te有较好的效果 .截面 TEM高分辨率明场象显示 Hg1-x Cdx Te- Hg Te超晶格的生长较为成功 ,界面较为平整 .由截面 TEM高分辨率明场象观测的周期长度与 X-射线衍射测定的结果相接近     

低压MOCVD法生长GaAs／Si单晶膜及膜的特性研究

本文通过低压ＭＯＣＶＤ方法，采用改进的两步法工艺，即基片表面的高温处理一生长过渡层－退火－外延生长－退火工艺，在向［０１１］方向偏３°的Ｓｉ（１００）衬底上生长了ＧａＡｓ膜，并对外延膜进行了Ｘ射线衍射，喇曼散射和光致发光分析．发现Ｘ射线衍射曲线光滑尖锐，无杂峰，（４００）峰的摇摆曲线很锐，喇曼散射谱中ＴＯ峰与ＬＯ峰的强度比ｌＴＯ／ｌＬＯ很小，光致发光谱的半峰宽只有１２．４ｍｅＶ，说明在Ｓｉ上异质外延的ＧａＡｓ单晶膜具有相当好的质量．     

Fe/Cu一维准周期磁性金属超晶格的结构

用磁控溅射法制备了Ｆｅ／Ｃｕ一维准周期磁性金属超晶格样品，并借助Ｘ射线衍射技术进行了结构研究，然后，仿照周期金属超晶格的研究方法，引入准周期调制函数，对实验结果进行理论处理，标定了各衍射主峰和卫星峰的指数，并计算了相应的衍射矢量值，对择优生长晶面间距的变化进行了计算，计算结果与实验结果相符．     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.