一种单模垂直腔面发射激光器自混合测距系统研制

研究了一种小调制高精度单模垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)自混合测距系统,根据单模VCSEL的特性曲线可知,其波长Δλ/ΔI非线性失真严重,且与调制电流幅度ΔI大小相关,该特性严重地影响系统的测距精度.通过对单模VCSEL进行小电流幅度调制以及采用专用的光电信号处理技术,明显提高了系统的测距精度.实验结果表明当使用调制电流幅度ΔIp-p=0.28 mA,调制频率fm=500 Hz对单模VCSEL进行频率调制,并且应用差频模拟锁相环(APLL)处理带有相位突变的自混合拍频信号,在采样时间为0.1 s,系统测距动态范围为50～500 mm,测距精度优于2 mm.     

基于北斗的卫星精密测速及全球重力场精密测量

本文讨论了利用北斗系统星间链路进行航天器高精度测速的实现方法和应用前景.根据现有技术条件,基于对北斗导航信号载波多普勒频移的精确测量,可实现将航天器的速度测定精确到1 mm/s以内.利用高精度测速可以对全球重力势能分布、大地水准面高度、重力加速度及其梯度做三维扫描,并有望提高测地卫星对全球重力加速度异常的测量精度.     

深空探测用数字开环多普勒技术初步研制及其在嫦娥一号探测任务中的应用

基于数字无线电技术, 开发了用于卫星视线方向速度测量的无线电开环多普勒测量方法和技术原理样机. 并在嫦娥一号卫星测轨任务中进行了观测试验, 利用卫星转发的S波段载波信号进行开环多普勒测量. 结果显示, 在1 s积分情况下, 嫦娥一号卫星的开环多普勒测量精度RMS达到3 mm/s（1σ）, 这已经与目前使用的USB （Unified S-Band, 统一S波段）测速数据的精度水平相当. 这个测量精度主要受制于上行站原子钟的短期稳定度. 进一步通过两站开环差分测量的办法, 可以有效地消除信号发射时的原子钟频率漂移和不稳定性, 使得测量精度RMS提高到1 mm/s （1σ）. 开环多普勒数据和差分数据已经开始尝试用于嫦娥一号卫星的定轨, 数据的精度评估和科学应用也将逐步展开. 这项技术的研制成功将对我国未来深空探测有重要的意义.     

面向典型微流控芯片的流场测速技术研究

介绍了微流体流动特性测试技术的发展和应用概况,选用激发光源、荧光显微镜和高精度CCD摄像机等建立了显微粒子图像测速装置,用于测量微流控芯片内部电渗流流动特性,并给出显微成像单元、激发光源、示踪粒子的技术指标和适用范围．根据微流控芯片的特征尺寸和内部电渗流速度．分析了应用显微粒子图像测速技术测量微流场速度分布的测量分辨率、测量精度、测速范围等关键问题．研究结果表明：在电场强度100V／cm、宽度50μm的玻璃微通道内,硼砂电渗流速度约为220μm／s,放大倍率低于40倍,MicroPIV动态测速范围能满足流场测速要求;选用直径．300nm的荧光粒子,在高于10倍放大倍率下,粒子像大干3个CCD像元的尺寸,可以进行观测;MicroPIV测速系统的测速精度则与光学系统、图像处理技术、电场力、布朗运动等有关系．     

基于VLBI数据的深空探测器精密三向测速及应用

本文研究了深空探测器信号基于软件锁相环的三向多普勒测速技术及传播介质误差校正方法,完成了对中国VLBI网接收的嫦娥三号X波段测控主载波信号的三向多普勒测量,精度达到0.64mm/s.测量结果被成功用于嫦娥三号的联合定轨,距离与三向多普勒速度定轨后残差的均方差分别为0.41m与0.55mm/s.获得的星历与参考精密星历位置均方差为17m,速度均方差为17mm/s,在参考精密星历内符精度以内.该技术还被用于基于欧洲火星探测器MEX地面观测的行星际闪烁研究.在高、低太阳倾角下,测量的频率与相位与欧洲联合VLBI研究所的结果一致.测量结果明确反映出太阳风等离子物质对MEX测控信号频率与相位的影响.本方法将用于我国未来深空探测与无线电科学研究.     

不同速度下散斑图样对多普勒测速的影响

对不同速度下散斑在多普勒测速计中的影响进行了理论分析,并与实验结果进行了比较.结果发现多普勒频率的展宽与其中心频率的比值在32.2～379.6 mm·s-1的速度范围内约为30%,其中散斑是影响频率展宽的主要因素.因此速度测量中散斑所引起误差是难以忍受的,必须尽量消除散斑对测量的不利影响.采用锁相环可以消除这种不利的影响.     

高动态场景下GNSS信号自适应载波跟踪算法

相对于城市应用场景,在高速飞行器上搭载的GNSS导航接收机需要承受更大的载波频率动态范围,且测量实时性要求较高,对载波环路的高精度跟踪提出了更高挑战.为此,本文提出了一种自适应载波跟踪算法,在载波跟踪环路中引入模糊控制器,随载波的频率变化自适应调整环路参数,在保证动态适应性的同时提高了测速精度.所提算法利用载波跟踪环路测量值计算模糊控制器的输入变量,采用单输入单输出的Takagi-Sugeno模糊控制模型,实时计算环路滤波器调节系数,具有结构简单且易于实现的特点.本文分别在固定多普勒频率、线性多普勒频率和正弦多普勒频率的场景下进行了分析和仿真.结果表明,所提算法能够在飞行器和接收机间径向运动速度范围±10 km/s,加速度范围±30g,输入载噪比40 dB Hz的条件下,以1 kHz的频率输出径向速度测量值,且测量误差小于3 m/s(1σ).     

可调内腔式6328He-Ne激光器

本文介绍的是腔长为1M和700mm的可调内腔式6328(?)He—Ne激光器,同时对磁场对功率的影响作了初步的理论和实验分析。实践证明,这种激光器具有输出功率高(比相同条件的外腔管高30%以上),工艺简单,使用方便等优点。     

激光基准信标仪的研制

论述了激光基准信标仪的工作原理及组成 ,给出了基本控制原理图以及主程序框图 它是利用液体倾角传感器自调水平或垂直基准面 ,并能持续发射半径为 30 0m的精确参考面(360°范围 ) 主要技术指标 :激光发射头He-Ne激光器 ,功率 2mw ,扫描速度 0～ 1 2r/s,准直光束 < 1 6mm     

基于m码码型变换提高多普勒血流测速分辨力的新方法

为了提高多普勒血流测速的分辨力,提出了一种基于m码的新的编解码调制方法.通过回波波形、稳恒流、脉动流的仿真实验证实,本算法能较精确地测得指定区域的血流速度,性能明显优于Shiozaki算法和标准m码算法,可以提高多普勒血流测速的精度.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.