重载作用下沥青路面结构验算方法

针对目前中国日趋严重的超载现象,为方便公路养护管理部门定期对路面结构状况进行调查评定,及时对相应路段公路进行维修养护,以现行沥青路面设计规范为基础,经过大量的数据分析对比,利用线性回归方法,获得了车辆重载运输轴载作用下的沥青路面标准轴载换算公式;同时根据沥青路面结构特点,对考虑重载作用的路面结构的验算内容和原则进行讨论和分析,最终确定以考虑超载作用的路面弯沉值、容许拉应力值、路面使用寿命及所需结构层厚度,作为沥青路面结构承载力验算的验算系统。研究结果表明:得出的沥青路面标准轴载换算公式以及沥青路面结构验算系统,对国道G108陕西渭南故市镇路段路面结构状况的调查评定是合理的,评定结果可为公路养护部门提供科学的决策依据。     

贵阳市白云区德成官邸项目超限高层主体结构设计

贵阳市白云区德成官邸超限高层主体高度138.40m,为超限高层建筑,结构型式采用钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构。介绍了该工程的概况、超限情况、基于性能的抗震设计目标及采取的技术措施,分别就大震、中震和小震作用下的整体计算分析,并进行大震作用下的弹塑性变形验算。     

沥青路面结构早期破坏的动力特性分析

为了研究沥青路面结构早期破坏问题,采用三维有限元模型模拟沥青路面结构在动载作用下的响应情况,分析了弯沉、应力的变化规律.结果表明:在动载作用下,轮载中心处的弯沉和应力均较静载作用时小,但弯沉值的变化具有显著的波动性,轮载中心以外的其他任何点的弯沉值均可能出现大于静载作用时的弯沉;结构层表面拉应力和压应力交错出现,上面层的轮载边缘附近所产生的拉应力数值相对静载明显增大,沥青表面极易产生拉裂破坏, 与规范所规定的拉应力验算点有一定差异.建议在拉应力验算时,增加车轮边缘附近验算点,以保证路面结构表面不产生开裂破坏.     

考虑摩擦系数的沥青路面动态轴载换算

为研究复杂工况下的动态轴载换算,分析了车辆移动荷载作用下沥青路面的动力响应,对数值计算的有效性和车辆行驶特性的影响进行了研究,并提出了动态轴载换算公式.基于二维Lamb问题验证了数值计算的有效性,并建立刚性基层沥青路面的三维动力学数值模型,分析不同车速、路面摩擦系数和轴载等因素的影响.当荷载匀速移动时,轴载和路面摩擦系数对路面动力响应的影响明显,考虑摩擦系数的动态轴载换算指数明显大于静态荷载.结合车辆和路面多种影响因素的三维有限元计算模型更符合沥青路面结构的实际受力状态,动态轴载换算公式可用来改进当前的规范设计.     

超载车辆对沥青路面损坏原因分析及对策

过量超载的车辆是造成沥青路面推移、开裂、凹陷、车辙、使用寿命骤减的主要原因。以青海省盘大公路为例,对该路段沥青路面进行路况调查、钻芯取样试验、实际交通量分析、路面弯拉应力、剪应力验算,并提出修补方案以及防止损坏的措施。     

层间接触条件对沥青路面力学响应的影响

中国现行沥青路面设计以路表弯沉、沥青层底及半刚性层底拉应力为设计指标,层间条件假定完全连续。实践中路面分层修筑,层间不完全连续,对路面结构受力状态影响甚大。以京津塘高速公路改扩建工程为依托,假定层间完全连续与层间不完全连续2种状态,以壳牌计算软件Bisar 3.0和数值软件Matlab 7.0分析了3类常见沥青路面在2种层间接触条件下的三维力学响应分布及最不利受荷点。结果表明：层间结合不连续导致结构内应力、应变骤增;各类路面在不同层间状态下出现最大应力及应变的位置不同;2种层间条件下复合式路面的响应均居于柔性与半刚性路面之间;路面结构设计时,应在现行规范的基础上,对层间不完全连续状态下指定点位处的力学指标进行验算,为路面在运营期内的可靠度分析提供依据。     

半刚性基层沥青路面非连续结构强迫振动声效

为了无损、快速地识别半刚性基层沥青路面的结构非连续状态,实现病害预警和预养护,对冲击作用下路面板体强迫振动机理及其振动噪声特征进行了分析,并对单自由度路面系统的强迫振动微分方程进行求解.研究表明:因土基沉降、低温施工、压实不足等原因,沥青路面将产生结构内部及层间非连续病害；而非连续状态下的板体强迫振动噪声特征对冲击加载...     

沥青路面力学响应变异性的蒙特卡罗模拟分析

针对沥青路面参数具有变异性的特点,采用蒙特卡罗法和沥青路面力学模型生成路面参数,并采用概率统计方法进行路面力学反应的变异性分析.根据此思路,以Mat-lab为平台,设计出沥青路面参数变异性分析的计算程序,并将该程序应用于沥青路面力学响应的变异性模拟分析.结果表明,模拟分析得到的沥青路面力学响应的分布与实际情况接近.文中还运用路面疲劳损伤模型考察了沥青路面结构参数变异对沥青路面疲劳性能的影响.     

温度场及非均布移动荷载作用下沥青路面力学响应分析

为研究路面结构实际温度场对沥青路面结构动力响应的影响,基于路面结构温度场现场实测数据及室内实际路面材料动态模量试验结果,建立温度场分析和非均布移动荷载作用下沥青路面瞬态动力分析三维有限元模型,分析路面结构在实际温度-荷载作用下的动力响应规律,并与传统的等温结构模型动力响应结果进行对比分析.结果表明,层底控温方法模拟出的温度场可用于分析夏季高温时段和低温时段沥青路面的实际动力响应;夏季一天中高温时段,等温模型高估了竖向应变及上、下面层的剪应变,低估了中面层的剪应变;夏季一天中低温时段,沥青路面的实际动力响应大于等温模型的计算值,等温模型低估了温度分布对沥青路面车辙和开裂的影响.     

温度场及非均布移动荷载作用下

为研究路面结构实际温度场对沥青路面结构动力响应的影响,基于路面结构温度场现场实测数据及室内实际路面材料动态模量试验结果,建立温度场分析和非均布移动荷载作用下沥青路面瞬态动力分析三维有限元模型,分析路面结构在实际温度荷载作用下的动力响应规律,并与传统的等温结构模型动力响应结果进行对比分析.结果表明,层底控温方法模拟出的温度场可用于分析夏季高温时段和低温时段沥青路面的实际动力响应;夏季一天中高温时段,等温模型高估了竖向应变及上、下面层的剪应变,低估了中面层的剪应变;夏季一天中低温时段,沥青路面的实际动力响应大于等温模型的计算值,等温模型低估了温度分布对沥青路面车辙和开裂的影响.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.