手性相转移催化剂的设计与催化性能比较

介绍了近几年设计的手性相转移催化剂,包括手性季铵盐、季钅盐、手性冠醚、金属配合物等,并以二苯亚胺甘氨酸叔丁酯的不对称烷基化反应为模板,对它们的催化性能进行了比较.     

手性相转移催化不对称烃基化反应

该文介绍了目前普遍使用的手性季胺盐、手性冠醚等手性相转移催化剂及聚合物支载的手性相转移催化剂，综述了近几年国内外手性相转移催化不对称烃基化反应的最新进展，并介绍了催化剂、温度、溶剂、浓度和磁场等因素对该类烃基化反应的化学产率、光学产率的影响．     

相转移催化不对称诱导合成α-氨基酸

在固液两相体系.分别以手性和非手性季铵盐为相转移催化剂,以各种α-溴代脂肪酸薄荷醇酯为手性底物,通过与邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾的Gabriel反应,合成了4种具有光学活性的α-氨基酸,对比了在各种不对称诱导条件下产物的光学纯度.     

L-色氨酸衍生的手性相转移催化剂的合成及其不对称诱导效应

以L-(-)-色氨酸为原料，经酯化、季铵化合成了4种手性季铵盐，以L-色氨酸甲酯为原料，经还原、季铵化合成了2种手性季铵盐；6种手性季铵盐对苯甲醛与氯仿的亲核加成反应。显示出良好的相转移催化作用和一定的不对称诱导效应。     

12种手性季铵盐的制备及其不对称催化作用的探讨

本文报道12种手性季铵盐的制备,其中5种为新化合物.在固—液相转移条件下,通过Cabriel反应研究这些手性季铵盐作为催化剂的不对称诱导效果,并探讨催化剂的结构对反应立体选择性的影响.     

利用相转移催化法合成2.4.6—三溴苯基不对称醚

我们根据相转移催化原理,用季铵盐为催化剂于两相体系中进行操作,用烷化试剂烷化2.4.6—三溴苯酚方便地转变为相应的不对称醚,其中一些醚的收率高,而Ⅱ、Ⅲ是新的化合物。     

相转移催化双不对称诱导合成α■氨基酸(Ⅱ)

在固液两相体系,以手性和非手性季铵盐为相转移催化剂,研究了各种α-溴代脂肪酸龙脑酯与邻苯二甲酰亚胺的Gabriel反应,得到4种具有光学活性的α-邻苯二甲酰亚胺基羧酸酯、以肼解、水解后得到4种具有光学活性的α-氨基酸,光学纯度最高为47.4％,并观察到手性识别和双不对称诱导效应。     

利用相转移催化法合成2.4.6—三溴苯基不对称醚

我们根据相转移催化原理,用季铵盐为催化剂于两相体系中进行操作,用烷化试剂烷化2.4.6—三溴苯酚方便地转变为相应的不对称醚,其中一些醚的收率高,而Ⅱ、Ⅲ是新的化合物。     

季铵盐A-1催化合成邻硝基苯甲酸

研究了季铵盐A-1催化高锰酸钾氧化邻硝基甲苯,合成邻硝基苯甲酸的反应,考察了不同相转移催化剂的催化活性、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间、KMnO4用量和反应体系酸碱性对反应的影响.在优化反应条件下,即以季铵盐A-1为相转移催化剂,高锰酸钾与邻硝基甲苯的量比为2.5∶1,反应温度为95℃,反应时间为3h,在中性条件下进行反应,产物收率可达95%.实验结果表明,季铵盐A-1对于高锰酸钾氧化邻硝基甲苯合成邻硝基苯甲酸,是1种优良的相转移催化剂.     

聚合物手性试剂的合成及应用

报道了近年来聚合手性试剂的合成及应用发展情况,并结合自身工作评述了Ｅｖａｎｓ恶唑烷酮手性助剂,莰烷类手性试剂、恶唑啉手性试剂、Ｃ２－对称胺于性试剂以及手性季铵盐类相转移催化剂等聚合物手性试剂的和于不对称合成的研究。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.