染料敏化太阳能电池电解质的还原电位对开路电压的影响

研究了不同溶剂和不同对电极对I3-的还原电位和染料敏化太阳能电池的开路电压的影响。在I3-/I-的离子浓度和染料敏化TiO2膜性能相同的情况下,能使I3-在较高的电位下就能还原的对电极溶剂有较高的开路电压。相对于Pt对电极,用石墨作对电极时有较高的开路电压,这是由于小电流时I3-/I-在石墨表面的还原反应过电位要比在Pt表面小。     

A dye-sensitized solar cell based on PEDOT:PSS counter electrode

A counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was prepared by coating poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) with high transparency and adhesion on a conducting FTO glass at low temperature. The surface morphology, conductivity, sheet resistance, redox properties and photoelectric properties of the PEDOT:PSS/carbon electrodes were observed using scanning electron microscopy, a four-probe tester and a CHI660D electrochemical measurement system. The experimental results showed that DSSCs had the best photoelectric properties for PEDOT:PSS/carbon counter electrodes annealed at 80°C under vacuum conditions. The overall energy conversion efficiency of the DSSC with PEDOT:PSS/carbon counter electrode and barrier layer reached 7.61% under irradiation from a simulated solar light with intensity of 100 mW/cm² (AM 1.5). The excellent photoelectric properties, simple preparation procedure and low cost allow the PEDOT:PSS/carbon electrode to be a credible alternative electrode for use in DSSCs.     

A novel method for preparing platinized counter electrode of nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cells

The platinized FTO glass counter electrode was prepared by employing techniques of colloid preparation, Langmuir-Blodgett film and serf-assembly. The present electrode had very low platinum loading, high catalytic activity for iodine/triiodide reduction reaction. Compared with the conventional counter electrodes used in nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cells, the present electrode had provided a much higher catalytic performance which was attributed to the structure of platinum nanoclusters distributed homogeneously on the electrode.     

由电泳沉积ZIF-67薄膜制备高效染料敏化太阳能电池对电极

为了提高碳化ZIF-67薄膜制备的染料敏化太阳能对电极的光电性能,本研究通过碳化电泳沉积ZIF-67薄膜得到多孔碳电极,并进一步在多孔碳电极热分解氯铂酸得到负载铂的多孔碳复合电极。通过光电流-电压曲线、电化学阻抗谱和强度调制光电流谱等的测试,对比单独在FTO导电玻璃基底热分解氯铂酸得到的铂电极和单独碳化电泳沉积ZIF-67薄膜得到的多孔碳电极,研究了负载铂的多孔碳复合电极作为染料敏化太阳能电池对电极的光电性能。与其它两种对电极相比,以负载铂的多孔碳复合电极为对电极的染料敏化太阳能电池光电转换效率最高,因碳化ZIF-67薄膜的多孔电极具有较大的比表面积,能负载足够量的铂,从而提供更多的催化位点,具有更好的催化性能,从而使染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转换效率得到显著提升。     

无电解沉积用于太阳能电池(英文)

研究分为两部分讨论:(1)是利用无电镀与自组装单分子层表面改质技术制备用于染料敏化太阳能电池上具有催化性的铂对电极;(2)是利用无电镀与微米压印法技术制备硅单晶太阳能电池的电极.适当的表面改质技术(Self-assembled monolayers,SAMs)成功地开发出一低温湿式制程,可制备出具有高度选择性的铂对电极用于透明导电玻璃面上.通过原子力显微镜分析,发现3-(2-Aminoethylamino)propylmethyl-dimethoxysilane(Me-EDA-Si)可成功的改质于透明导电玻璃上,同时利用高解析电子能谱仪来分析每一步骤的改质,证明钯触媒可成功的接于导电玻璃上以催化铂无电镀反应的进行,因而发现经无电镀沉积的薄膜呈现粗糙的表面而提高了铂触媒的活性表面积.因此利用无电镀所制备的铂对电极所组装而成的染料敏化太阳能电池具有较利用溅镀法所制备的铂对电极所组成之电池有较高的效率.为开发制备双层结构(无电镀Ni3P/电镀铜)的电极于硅单晶太阳能电池上作为收集太阳能电池所产生的电子.结合了无电镀与微米压印法来制备无电镀镍金属为导电层以取代传统的银浆.其优点在于利用无电镀镍作为导电层可降低与硅基材之间的接触电阻(NiP为10-4Ω.cm2,银为10-3Ω.cm2),更可大幅的降低线宽(小于40μm).另微米压印法不只能提升电池之效率更可提高模块之功率.在无抗反射层的相同条件下,利用无电镀与微米压印法所制备之电池其效率可高于传统利用银浆所制备之太阳能电池约1%左右的效率.     

染料敏华太阳能电池的研究进展与趋势

对染料敏化太阳能电池（DSC）的结构原理进行了详细的概述．着重对DSC中的纳米半导体薄膜材料、敏化剂、电解质、对电极等几个方面的现状与发展趋势进行了评述,并对DSC遇到的挑战与应用前景进行了展望．     

PbS对电极的制备及其对量子点敏化太阳能电池光电性能的影响

采用电化学沉积法在ITO透明导电玻璃上制备PbS纳米晶薄膜,研究其对量子点敏化太阳能电池光电性能的影响.研究发现,该PbS纳米晶薄膜由粒径约几十纳米到几百纳米的颗粒堆积而成,形成了较疏松的薄膜结构.X线衍射分析表明,该PbS为立方相结构.采用PbS薄膜作为对电极,CdSe量子点敏化TiO2纳米晶薄膜为光阳极组装电化学电池,电池的效率由Pt对电极的0.045%增大到0.098%,表明PbS对电极的电催化活性优于Pt对电极.     

Progress on the Electrolytes for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

1 Results The development of a new type of solar cell has been promoted by public concern about pollution and energy consumption.Since the prototype of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) was reported in 1991 by M.Gratzel,it has aroused intensive interest over the past decade due to its low cost and simple preparation procedure.The typical cell is a sandwiched structure consisting of a dye-sensitized TiO2 electrode,a platinized counter electrode and a filled redox couple electrolyte between the electrodes...     

固态染料敏化二氧化钛纳晶薄膜太阳能电池的研究进展

固态染料敏化太阳能电池是目前能源研究的热点领域之一。我们设计并合成了一系列含有不同特性基团(如柔软的高分子链、可现场固化基团和高电导的离子液体基团)的高分子固态电解液应用于染料敏化太阳能电池;同时,结合理论模拟计算得出的二氧化钛纳晶薄膜工作电极和对电极的光散射效应与光限域效应能提高电池的光吸收效率,二氧化钛纳晶薄膜孔隙率的增大能增加固态电解液在膜内的渗透和扩散,对工作电极和对电极进行结构优化可得到高光电转换效率的固态染料敏化太阳能电池。     

High conversion efficiency of pristine TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> nanotube arrays based dye-sensitized solar cells

We prepared highly-ordered titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TNAs) by anodizing Ti foils in F-containing electrolytes.The crystalline nature and morphology of the TNAs were studied using X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscopy.We found the morphology of TNAs affects the light-to-electricity conversion efficiency (η) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).The efficiency of DSSCs reached 5.95% under the condition of light illuminated from the counter electrode.The high efficiency of TNA-based DSSCs was attributed to the neat top surface of TNAs,which allows more dye molecule loading on the surface of the TiO 2 nanotubes,and fewer electron recombination centers and a low interface resistance of integrated TNAs.     

石墨烯纳米薄片的制备及其作为DSCs对电极的光电性能

采用氧化还原法制备出多层结构的石墨烯纳米薄片（GNs）,分析了还原阶段水浴时间对GNs晶体结构的影响,着重探讨了GNs作为染料敏化太阳电池（DSCs）对电极催化层的光电性能及阻抗特征。结果表明,还原阶段水浴反应时间为24h时制备出的GNs平均层数最薄,平均厚度只有7层,将该反应时间制备出的GNs对电极组装成DSCs后,其短路电流（JSC）及填充因子（FF）明显地比石墨和氧化石墨（GO）对电极组装成DSCs的JSC和FF要高,因此使得其转换效率达到最好,为1.17%,比石墨和氧化石墨（GO）对电极分别增加了0.175%和1.034%。阻抗分析发现,GNs对电极的串阻（Rs）明显的减小,从而使得GNs作为染料敏化太阳电池（DSCs）对电极催化层的光电性能达到最佳。     

TiO2/P3HT复合太阳能电池的制备和性能研究

用简单易行的一步水热法在透明导电玻璃FTO上制备了直径、密度及取向可控的TiO2纳米阵列,FTO同时作为底电极,用旋涂法将有机P型聚合物P3HT复合到阵列表面,磁控溅射制备Pt电极,组装TiO2/P3HT有机无机复合太阳能电池.通过XRD、SEM、紫外-可见光谱仪、I-V/J-V特性曲线等表征TiO2阵列薄膜及器件的结构、形貌和光电特性.研究制备TiO2纳米阵列的水热时间及无水乙醇的量对薄膜质量及复合太阳能电池光电性能的影响.通过优化各项参数,FTO/TiO2/P3HT/Pt简单双层结构的光器件在AM1.5,光强100mW/cm2下开,路电压Voc达到0.50V,光电转换效率IPCE达到0.11%.     

TiO2双层薄膜电极与背反射共构DSSC制备及表征

提出并设计制备了一种新型的染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)的结构.该结构是在DSSC的光阳极上通过丝网印刷技术制备由尺寸不同的纳晶粒子构成的双层纳米晶TiO2薄膜,并在DSSC对电极的背面置放一层镀银反光膜.采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线电子衍射仪(XRD)等手段分析了双层纳米晶TiO2薄膜的结构和形貌.通过实验,获得了双层纳米晶TiO2薄膜的最佳膜厚,分析了镀银反光膜的反光率.研究结果表明:在AM15、光强100mW/cm2的模拟太阳光下测试,这种新型结构的开路电压、短路电流、填充因子分别为075V,1117mA/cm2和0523;光电转换效率达到438%,比相同条件下传统的三明治型结构提高了241%.     

泡沫镍负载纳米ZnO薄膜电极光电催化降解甲基橙研究

采用阴极电沉积法制备泡沫镍负载ZnO薄膜电极,以紫外灯为光源,以负载ZnO薄膜的泡沫镍为阳极,铂电极为阴极,饱和甘汞电极为参比,建立三电极的光电催化体系,以甲基橙为降解对象,考察了外加电压、甲基橙起始浓度、支持电解质浓度和薄膜掺杂对甲基橙降解率的影响．研究表明泡沫镍是光催化剂良好的载体,适当地增加电压、降低甲基橙起始浓度、增大支持电解质浓度和掺杂可以提高甲基橙的降解率．     

Preparation of photoanode and its application to flexible dye-sensitized solar cells

A TiO2 slurry was prepared by hydrothermal treating mixture of commercial TiO2 (P25),ethanol and distilled water in an autoclave.A flexible photoanode and dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was fabricated on an ITO-coated poly (ethylene naphthalate) sheet (ITO/PEN) substrate by a doctor-blade technique.The sample was characterized with SEM,UV-vis,FTIR,and the photoelectric properties of the DSSC were measured.The influence of preparation conditions on the properties of the flexible DSSC was investigated.It is...     

CuInS2／石墨烯混合物的合成及其在太阳能电池中的应用

在不同的溶剂中通过温和的溶剂热法,成功地合成 CuInS2纳米晶体。这些合成好的 CuInS2粉末被 X光衍射表征后,又作为对电极被组装成染料敏化太阳能电池。通过检测可以发现乙二醇是合成 CuInS2过程中最佳的溶液。这主要表现在用乙二醇合成的 CuInS2作为电池对电极时的转化率可以达到5·49％,这个值要比用其他溶液合成的 CuInS2转化率高。然后,将在乙二醇溶剂中合成的 CuInS2粉末与石墨烯的氧化物混合形成 CuInS2纳米晶体／石墨烯纳米复合材料,这种材料可以提高 CuInS2在染料敏化太阳能电池方面的性能。通过透射电子显微镜法,可以证明 CuInS2生长在石墨烯纳米网中。与传统的铂对电极电池（6·90％）相比,这种纳米复合材料具有相对较好的光电转化率（6·28％）。     

光电催化降解双酚A的研究

采用sol—gel法制备TiO2薄膜光电极,以该电极为工作电极,铂丝为对电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,对双酚A的光电催化降解进行了研究,结果表明：该电极具有“型半导体的特征行为．外加偏压为＋0．8V、pH=4,0．88mmol／L的H2O2中,对初始浓度为0．22mmol／L的双酚A溶液光照180min,降解率达70．24％,讨论了氧的存在、外加偏压、双酚A浓度和pH值等因素对光电催化反应的影响。     

All-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with high efficiency

Dye-sensitized solar cells based on titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) are promising low-cost alternatives to conventional solid-state photovoltaic devices based on materials such as Si, CdTe and CuIn(1-x)Ga(x)Se(2) (refs 1, 2). Despite offering relatively high conversion efficiencies for solar energy, typical dye-sensitized solar cells suffer from durability problems that result from their use of organic liquid electrolytes containing the iodide/tri-iodide redox couple, which causes serious problems such as electrode corrosion and electrolyte leakage. Replacements for iodine-based liquid electrolytes have been extensively studied, but the efficiencies of the resulting devices remain low. Here we show that the solution-processable p-type direct bandgap semiconductor CsSnI(3) can be used for hole conduction in lieu of a liquid electrolyte. The resulting solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells consist of CsSnI(2.95)F(0.05) doped with SnF(2), nanoporous TiO(2) and the dye N719, and show conversion efficiencies of up to 10.2 per cent (8.51 per cent with a mask). With a bandgap of 1.3 electronvolts, CsSnI(3) enhances visible light absorption on the red side of the spectrum to outperform the typical dye-sensitized solar cells in this spectral region.     

铂微粒修饰纳米二氧化钛电极对甲醇催化氧化的研究

在纳米二氧化钛膜上修饰铂微粒制得钛基纳米TiO2-Pt(Ti／nano-TiO2-Pt)复合催化电极．用循环伏安法和计时电位法研究了甲醇在Ti／nano-TiO2-Pt电极上电催化氧化．结果表明Ti／nano-TiO2-Pt电极对甲醇氧化具有高催化活性和稳定性．这是由于铂在纳米二氧化钛膜上有较好的分散性．铂微粒与纳米二氧化钛的协同作用．使电极不易中毒．     

Nanocrystalline TiO2 thin film electrodes prepared by common pressure hydrothermal method at low temperature

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on nanocrys- talline TiO2 thin film electrodes have been widely investi- gated since they were invented by Gr?tzel et al. in 1991[1-3]. Nanocrystalline TiO2 thin film electrodes are usually pre- pared by coating TiO2 colloid with organic additives on conductive glass substrates and annealing at 400-450℃ to remove organic additives and achieve good electrical contact between TiO2 particles and between TiO2 particles and conductive substrates, which…