基于同色异谱的异物检测新方法

针对复杂背景中异物检测难题,提出了一种基于同色异谱特性的反射光谱图像检测方法．在分析同色异谱过程中异物与背景光照差异基础上,建立波长优选函数筛选最佳波长的反射光源构建成像检测系统．以棉花中的白色丝状异物作为实验对象,利用最佳波长反射成像系统获取异物图像特征,采用背景校正及自适应阈值二值化处理提取异物目标．实验结果表明,该方法能有效检测背景中的相似异物,为棉花异物检测提供了一种新思路．     

基于优化多光谱成像的异物检测新方法

为有效检测棉花中与棉纤维形态、色泽极其相似的异物,提出一种基于优化多光谱成像的异物检测新方法.在分析不同异物具有不同反射特性的基础上,在405~940 nm的波段范围内建立优化多光谱成像系统.通过实验确定了用于检测多种异物的最佳检测波长及最佳光照强度,在不同的光照条件下获取不同的光谱图像,然后采用小波变换图像融合算法获取完整的异物图像特征.实验结果表明,两种波长405 nm和850 nm构成的多光谱图像融合可检测多种棉花异物,异物检测结果与实际相符.此方法为解决棉花异物检测难题提供了一种新的途径.     

基于近红外波长成像的异物检测新方法

为有效检测出与背景形态、颜色极其相似的异物,根据异物与背景近红外吸收特性的差别,提出近红外光谱成像检测异物的方法.该方法分析近红外波段中异物与背景吸收特性差异随波长变化的规律,确定了区分背景与多种异物的最佳检测波段范围,建立近红外光谱成像系统,将近红外吸收特性差别转化为近红外图像中异物与背景的图像特征差别,利用自适应图像增强和二值化图像处理从背景中提取异物.实验结果表明,该方法获取的异物图像特征明显,检测结果与实际相符,此方法可有效检测与背景特征相似的异物.     

基于平均模板法的锆管坡口异物视觉检测研究

针对人工检测锆管内外壁坡口异物存在的效率低、准确度差等问题，设计了一种基于平均模板法的锆管坡口异物视觉检测方法. 该方法采用复合光源对锆管内外壁坡口圆锥面进行成像，并对所获图像进行插值展开，基于阈值设定进行列像素灰度值的相似性比较与替换，进而设计出坡口无异物状态的平均模板，通过模板与实拍检测图像的差分定位疑似异物，最后根据实际判据规则进行异物识别. 实验测试及企业应用表明，该方法能有效检测出锆管坡口处的小尺寸异物，准确度可达99.6%，检测效率为1.84 s/根，相应装备在企业运行良好.     

投射电容屏ITO电路检测用线阵CCD成像系统的设计

为解决线阵CCD用于投射电容屏氧化铟锡(ITO)电路检测时不易获取高对比度图像的问题,根据明场照明反射成像原理,设计并构建了一套基于最大叠加反射系数差值的同轴照明与成像系统.根据投射电容屏ITO电路与玻璃基板的光学特性及ITO电路的几何特征,分析了光源照射及成像方式;根据ITO电路的多层复合结构,分析了影响ITO电路与玻璃基板成像对比度的影响因素;在满足较高生产率的运动速度下,通过对比不同光照亮度下所获取的系列图像,确定了可获得高对比度ITO电路与玻璃基板图像的成像系统工作参数.实验结果表明:检测精度为10μm、ITO基板运动速度为130 mm/s且光照亮度等级为190时,所获图像的灰度直方图具有显著双峰值,易于识别ITO电路缺陷.     

单色料反射光谱曲面配色方法

为了获得单色料反射率随着可见光波长和染料质量占比变化的函数,提出一种单色料反射光谱曲面配色方法.首先,根据染料质量占比与可见光波长的范围将单色料反射光谱曲面划分为9个曲面片;然后,采用多项式建模方法,构建不同曲面片的单色料反射光谱曲面模型,并通过小样实验验证该方法的准确性.实验结果表明:通过有限组小样实验可以构建单色料反射光谱曲面,确定单色料反射率随着染料质量占比和可见光波长的变化关系,预测布匹在单色料染色后的颜色与目标色的色差.     

水面航行体对舰船目标的图像检测方法

针对水面航行体在近岸水域条件下对舰船目标进行实时光学检测时,易受到光照、相似颜色背景和海面波浪反射等干扰的问题,提出了基于改进视觉注意模型的舰船目标检测方法,采用小波变换方法提取图像的低频、高频特征,将任务水域图像从RGB颜色空间转化到HSV颜色空间来提取图像的色调、饱和度和明度特征,应用高斯金字塔、归一化算子等图像处理方法融合了各类特征.仿真结果表明,提出的舰船目标检测方法能够准确地实现复杂背景条件的舰船目标检测,具有良好的抗干扰能力.      

视频图像序列中的运动目标实时检测

大多数基于背景差的运动目标检测方法,主要运用背景图像与当前帧图像之差进行目标检测和提取,但对背景的实时更新和场景中的光线明显变化等情况不能很好的处理.本文结合Surendra背景更新算法和动态阈值背景差算法,给出了一种新的运动目标实时检测算法.首先采用Surendra方法动态更新背景,然后使用Ostu算法计算出的阈值与一个反映光线变化的增量之和为阈值实时检测运动目标.该算法既可以稳定地对背景进行实时更新,又可以适应场景光照变化的情况.     

减小噪声和量化误差影响的多阈值FBG波长解调方法

在FBG(Fiber Bragg Grating)传感阵列波长检测中,为提高检测精度和实时性,采用软件算法对FBG波长进行解调检测.利用FBG反射谱的对称性,针对量化误差对反射谱阈值采样点的影响.采用差值法进行直线拟合来逼近真值,减小了量化误差对FBG反射谱阈值点标定的影响,使采样精度提高了一个数量级;针对噪声对拟合直线的影响,采用逐差法减小噪声误差;在差值法和逐差法减小量化误差和噪声基础上,利用多阈值双边缘均值方法对FBG中心波长解调,提高了检测精度和速度.     

地面目标伪装特征的高光谱成像检测方法

根据光谱揭露伪装的检测机制分析,对伪装材料及应用背景的紫外、可见光、近红外波段光谱反射特征进行了研究,探索试验目标光谱模拟伪装材料的检测技术,经光谱特征选择及空间降维处理,建立特征参数的判别函数,确定判别规则。针对多类判别和谱空间模式重叠的情况,提出数学分析模型及统计计算和判别效果检验相结合的光谱特征检测新方法。探索适合区分人工目标与背景光谱的最佳分类特征和判别函数。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.