溶藻细菌L7的高密度培养及溶藻活性物质提纯鉴定

  针对一株溶藻细菌L7,探索溶藻细菌高密度培养的工艺参数及溶藻活性物质提纯鉴定的关键技术,为生物杀藻剂的研制奠定理论基础。在溶藻细菌L7的高密度培养阶段,通过设置单因素实验及正交实验、应用摇瓶及自动发酵罐筛选出适宜培养溶藻细菌L7的培养基（碳源葡萄糖、氮源氯化铵、C/N质量比3∶1、初始pH值7.5）、细菌接种量3.1×10⁷ cfu/mL、DO［30%（±10%）］及搅拌速率［(160±10)r/min］;在溶藻细菌L7溶藻活性物质的提纯鉴定阶段,通过透析、凝胶柱层析、高效液相色谱、液质联用仪等物质提纯鉴定手段,获得2种溶藻活性物质,相对分子质量分别为588.2、365.0,相较而言,相对分子质量为365.0的物质的溶藻作用更强。     

一株溶藻细菌的分离、筛选与分子鉴定

为了筛选对铜绿微囊藻有溶藻活性的菌株,采用试管法筛选溶藻效果好的细菌,显微观察高效溶藻菌的溶藻作用方式,对其热稳定性、耐酸碱能力及紫外稳定性进行考察,并采用16S r DNA序列分析鉴定溶藻菌种类。共筛选获得7株具有溶藻效果的细菌,其中F15菌株对铜绿微囊藻溶藻效果最好。菌株F15的溶藻活性物质为胞外产物,当其生长到对数期时,其胞外产物的溶藻效果达到最大,按体积比1∶6将其加入藻液,培养3 d后,铜绿微囊藻的去除率达55%以上。该溶藻活性产物对加热、酸碱及紫外线处理均具有较好的稳定性。16S r DNA序列分析表明,F15菌株与Bacillus cereus strain ATCC 14579同源性最高,达99%,被鉴定为蜡状芽孢杆菌。F15菌株溶藻效果好,稳定性高,具有开发成生物控藻菌剂的潜在价值。     

溶藻细菌溶藻特异性初步研究

通过从大连黑石礁海域分离的溶藻细菌JM-1与塔玛亚历山大藻、赤潮异湾藻、小三毛金藻、叉鞭金藻、盐藻共培养,观察5种藻细胞生物量的变化,观测该溶藻细菌对5种海洋微藻生长的影响.结果显示.JM-1强烈抑制塔玛亚历山大藻的生长,而对其他4种微藻的生长没有抑制作用.初步说明溶藻细菌JM-1具有溶藻特异性.     

焦炭固定溶藻细菌T5的溶藻效果初探

以水华爆发常见藻类栅藻、小球藻、铜绿微囊藻为实验藻类,将从活性污泥微生物系统中分离出的一株溶藻细菌T5作为实验菌株,并将该株溶藻细菌固定于以焦炭为填料的反应器内,对其溶藻效果进行了研究.结果表明:该株溶藻细菌7 d挂膜成功;最佳水力停留时间(HRT)为4 h;在HRT为4 h时,溶藻细菌对藻密度的平均去除率为83.11%,对藻类叶绿素a(Chla)的平均去除率为80.38%,对NH3-N平均去除率为63.05%,对CODMn平均去除率为39.03%.对溶藻细菌T5进行生理鉴定,16S rDNA序列分析结果表明:该菌株为芽孢杆菌属.     

荧光光谱法分析环境因素对溶藻细菌S7溶藻作用的影响

通过对水华鱼腥藻活体进行荧光光谱分析,确定了其藻蓝蛋白特征荧光波长,建立了水华鱼腥藻生物量与藻蓝蛋白特征荧光强度之间的线性关系;同时,在改变蓝藻生长的条件下,研究不同环境因素（温度、光照条件和pH值）对溶藻细菌S7溶藻作用的影响.结果表明,采用荧光光谱法检测的藻蓝蛋白荧光强度可以反映水华鱼腥藻的生物量,其操作简单且具有较高的可行性和准确性.环境因素对溶藻细菌S7的溶藻效果影响较大,在不同环境因素下,其溶藻效果由强到弱依次为:不同温度时,30 °C＞35 °C>40 °C>25 °C;不同光照条件下,黑暗>光循环>全光照;不同pH值时,pH 5>pH 10>pH 6>pH 9>pH 8>pH 7.     

溶微囊藻菌的分离与溶藻作用

从太湖梅梁湾水域放置的除藻中试反应器的人工介质上分离出1株溶藻细菌,并对该株菌溶解铜绿微囊藻和降解微囊藻毒素的效果与机制进行了研究.结果表明,结合形态学、生理与生化特性以及16S rRNA特异性引物扩增综合分析,初步鉴定该株细菌属于假单胞菌属;对源自太湖的微囊藻的最低溶藻细菌浓度为105个/mL;在太湖水、PBS缓冲液和BG11微囊藻培养基等反应体系中对微囊藻均有较强的溶解作用,24 h藻细胞溶解率分别为85.9%、67.9%和91.0%,完全溶藻时间为48 h.其溶藻方式可能为分泌某种胞外物质所致.该株菌对微囊藻毒素LR(MC-LR)也具有较强的降解作用.在MC-LR起始质量浓度为2.642 μg/L时,细菌对MC-LR作用18,36和72 h的降解率分别为14.2%、51.3%和100.0%.此菌株在太湖水中保持着较好的生物活性,表现出较强的溶藻与降解MC-LR作用.     

太湖溶藻细菌的分离及评价

从放置于太湖梅梁湾流域的除藻中试装置的人工介质上分离到一株溶藻细菌,经生理、生化和分子生物学鉴定,该株细菌属于芽孢杆菌属.经测定该菌具有较强的溶解铜绿微囊藻和降解微囊藻毒素LR(MC-LR)的功能:该菌(105个/mL)对铜绿微囊藻液(4.5×107个/mL)作用第16,32,48h的溶藻率分别为48%、63%和96%;对MC-LR(2.649μg/L)作用第18,36,54和72h藻毒素降解率分别为15%、29%、73%和100%.应用新建立的实时荧光定量PCR法(RTQ-PCR)对人工介质上的该溶藻芽孢杆菌丰度进行定量检测,结果显示,人工介质上该细菌的丰度约为1%,在7,8,9三个月中呈现递增趋势,其分布具有一定的时空变化规律.     

两株溶藻细菌对棕囊藻溶藻作用的原子力显微镜研究

细菌在赤潮生消过程中起着重要的作用.课题组从珠海赤潮发生海域采集的11株细菌中分离、筛选出2株具有显著溶藻效果的细菌.用原子力显微镜研究结果表明,2株细菌均属杆菌,形态明显不同,均可作用于球形棕囊藻,导致藻细胞破裂和胞内物质溶出而死亡,达到治理棕囊藻赤潮的目的.     

2株溶藻菌培养条件优化及溶藻特性研究

对分离自山东黄岛和江苏太湖两处富营养化池塘中的2株溶藻细菌的培养条件进行了优化,探究了2菌株对铜绿微囊藻生长的抑制作用.实验结果显示,2菌株可通过凝聚藻体细胞、裂解微藻细胞体以及胞外分泌活性物质产生生物降解作用,对铜绿微囊藻产生杀灭效果,且分泌的胞外活性物质对铜绿微囊藻的杀灭作用具有特异性.     

一株芽孢杆菌对球形棕囊藻的溶藻效果

从珠海香洲码头赤潮海水中分离得到一株芽孢杆菌B1,考察了细菌不同生长期及添加比对球形棕囊藻生长的影响,探讨了藻密度、温度、光照、盐度、藻培养基中N和P含量对溶藻效果的影响.结果表明:稳定期的细菌溶藻效果较好,藻去除率达93.9%,分析球形棕囊藻干重的变化发现,随着球形棕囊藻细胞密度减少,藻干质量减小;细菌的最佳添加体积比为1%,调整期的球形棕囊藻易被细菌去除;温度对溶藻作用有影响,30℃时细菌溶藻作用极显著,去除率达到96.1%,利用HLPC分析溶藻过程球形棕囊藻色素变化,得出的结论与通过丙酮法测叶绿素a含量的结果相近;全黑暗时有利于细菌溶藻,溶藻作用在盐度为35‰时优于其他盐度,藻培养基中N和P的浓度降低时能促进B1菌的溶藻作用.     

一株淡水溶藻细菌的分离及初步研究

从武汉市东湖附近一个发生水华现象的池塘中分离出一株溶藻细菌，编号为M14，在液体培养基中对鱼腥藻(Anabaena PCC 7120)、鱼腥藻(Anabaena sp．595)、鲍氏织线藻(Plectonemaboryanum IU594)、坑形席藻(Phormidium foueolarum IU427)、伪枝藻(Scytonema hofmanni IUl581)、念珠藻(Nostoc sp．96)等丝状蓝藻具有强烈的溶解作用；经过多项形态、生理、生化特性测试，初步鉴定为一株欧文氏菌(Erwinia．sp．)，细菌培养物的滤液对宿主蓝藻仍具有强烈的溶解作用，这表明菌株M14是通过分泌细胞外物质的方式进行溶藻。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.