基于MEMS光线引入器的太阳敏感器技术

太阳敏感器是卫星等航天器上的重要姿态测量部件,其原理是测量太阳光线和敏感器本体主轴的夹角,近而确定卫星的指向。随着MEMS技术和高精度图像传感器技术的发展,将MEMS光线引入器阵列和APS（Active Pixel Sensor）图像传感器技术进行组合,在不增加系统的质量和功耗的情况下通过多个成像阵列来降低系统的随机误差,提高成像中心位置的准确性,从而将太阳敏感器的测量精度提高一个量级。同时采用图像预测提取相关算法（Future Extraction and Image Corre-lation-FEIC）,提高了系统的鲁棒性,在部分小孔受到堵塞等干扰情况下,依然保证系统正常工作,精度上基本上不受影响。传统的太阳敏感器一般采用单孔式光线引入器和CCD等方案来实现的,精度比较低。这种新设计思路和实现方法为太阳敏感器系统的可靠性提供了重要保障。     

微型数字式太阳敏感器的原理实验

对一种基于新型光线引入器和有源像素传感器(APS) CMOS图像传感器的微型数字式太阳敏感器进行了设计和原理实验研究.介绍了系统的工作原理、光线引入器的结构特点和APS CMOS图像传感器的特点,进行了系统误差分析与实验.实验结果表明太阳敏感器的角度估算精度在±10°视场角内为 0.16°. 对太阳敏感器的实验研究和屏阵列光线引入器的结构设计与使用性能的初步探讨说明大面阵CMOS图像传感器和新型光线引入器有助于太阳敏感器的微型化和高精度化.     

星敏感器中的图像预处理技术

详细论述了星敏感器中的图像预处理技术.分析比较了星图的噪声和信号的不同特点,并给出了星像光斑灰度分布的数学模型;在恒虚警率条件下,确定了恰当的图像二值化阈值;采用质心法和其改进算法求恒星的质心位置,提高了精度;采用子窗口技术,提高星敏感器的动态性.     

基于CMOS APS的微型数字式太阳敏感器

研制了一种适用于微型航天器的两轴数字式太阳敏感器,其光学系统由CMOS APS图像传感器和MEMS工艺制作的孔阵列结构光线引入器组成.敏感器外形尺寸68 mm×68 mm×58 mm, 质量小于300 g, 功耗低于2.5 W, 更新率优于2 Hz.该文介绍了CMOS APS图像传感器的优势及其在太阳敏感器中的应用,以及所研制微型太阳敏感器的系统硬件、软件设计.对微型太阳敏感器样机进行了标定,结果表明微型太阳敏感器在±64°视场以内精度优于0.1°, ±10°视场以内精度优于0.02°.     

基于脉冲星和太阳敏感器的日地系Halo轨道组合导航研究

为提高平动点轨道探测器的自主导航能力,提出一种利用X射线脉冲星和太阳敏感器的导航算法. 利用X射线脉冲星导航理论,用X射线探测器测量X射线脉冲到达时间,同时利用太阳敏感器测量太阳视线方向矢量,建立导航系统观测方程. 在高精度星历模型下,对日地系Halo轨道建立数学模型,利用二级微分修正方法获取地球质心惯性系下的标称轨道,利用基于UD分解的联邦Unscented卡尔曼滤波方法进行状态估计,并研究了摄动因素对导航结果的影响. 仿真结果表明,该方法能够完成日地系平动点轨道的自主导航,并且比X射线脉冲星单独导航具有更高的导航精度.      

强噪声下激光光斑尺寸的估计

提出了加门限的滑动窗口一阶矩质心计算方法。该方法利用目标光斑与周围背景及噪声在形态分布以及灰度分布上的不同而提出的。从总光电子数、读出噪声方差、光斑尺寸和信号光斑质心与暗背景质心位置的距离四个方面将该算法与传统一阶矩质心计算方法进行了计算精度的对比。仿真和实验结果都表明,本文的算法较传统一阶矩方法在质心计算精度上有较大的提高。     

一种新的灰度变化不变矩

为提高Hu矩对灰度的鲁棒性,从理论和实验上分析灰度乘性和加性变化对Hu矩的影响,提出一种修正的Hu矩,消除了灰度的乘性和加性影响.实验证明,该文提出的修正Hu矩能够更准确有效地对图像进行识别.     

一种遥感图像振动模糊复原方法

针对如何消除和减轻载体不规则角振动带来的成像质量退化,提出了一种全新的在轨遥感图像抖动模糊复原方法.该方法根据星敏感器或者其他载荷拍摄的星图或星空背景自适应估计载体的振动点扩展函数(PSF),然后将该点扩展函数映射到遥感图像,最后应用Richardson-Lucy(RL)复原方法消除和减轻抖动模糊,以提高成像的分辨率和峰值信噪比(PSNR).仿真实验表明:该方法避免了传统复原方法PSF难以估计的问题,有效提高了遥感图像复原的精度和鲁棒性.     

面向高精度太阳敏感器的探测器复用技术

为了提高太阳敏感器的精度,同时实现太阳敏感器的大视场与高精度,该文提出了一种探测器复用技术,解决了精度与视场角相互制约的矛盾。该技术利用带有多组定位孔的光线引入器,将太阳敏感器的视场进行了细分,并且通过数值仿真对定位孔图案进行了优化设计。基于探测器复用技术的太阳敏感器原理样机的测试实验表明:其精度可达5″(3σ),视场角为105°×105°。该技术能够将太阳敏感器的精度提升到角秒量级,同时保持较大视场角。     

数字太阳敏感器高精度电激励信号源设计

介绍了一种数字太阳敏感器的电激励测试系统的设计。设计中采用FPGA为数据处理、时序控制核心,采用数模转换器以及运算放大器构成模拟输出模块,采用串口与上位机进行通信。设计采用一种整体偏移的方法来模拟仿真太阳敏感器的图像探测器的输出。系统输出的电信号满足太阳敏感器大视场、高精度的要求,目前数字式太阳敏感器高精度电激励信号源系统已经在太阳敏感器研制过程中的地检实验中得到应用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.