长链烷基取代苯甲酸的合成及其胶凝行为

制备了三个具有不同个数长链烷基的取代苯甲酸类的小分子胶凝剂,考察了三种化合物在14种常见溶剂中的胶凝行为。结果表明,苯环上长链烷基的个数明显影响取代苯甲酸的胶凝行为;从胶凝溶剂的数量上可以看出,苯环上含一个和三个长链烷基的化合物A1和A3的胶凝能力明显强于含两个长链烷基的化合物A2。利用扫描电镜(SEM)考察了凝胶剂结构以及胶凝剂浓度对凝胶微观形貌的影响。X-射线衍射(XRD)研究表明,在A1/环己烷凝胶中,胶凝剂分子形成了六方和四方的混合堆积模式,提出了A1在环己烷凝胶中可能的分子堆积模型。     

新型无氨凝胶的制备与胶凝特性研究

采用光电分析法研究了环保型无氨凝胶防灭火材料,比较了三种促凝剂与水玻璃生成无氨凝胶的胶凝特性,并研究了具有较好胶凝特性的促凝剂C与水玻璃在不同浓度、不同温度下的成胶特性及其失水性和热稳定性。结果表明:促凝剂C对水玻璃的促凝效果较好,生成的凝胶强度高、失水率低;当水玻璃浓度为7%、促凝剂C浓度为1.8%～3.0%时,对成胶过程有利;由浓度为7%的水玻璃与浓度为2.5%～3.0%的促凝剂C生成的凝胶失水速率最小;温度大于80℃时,凝胶失水速率随温度升高快速增大;凝胶在不同阶段的失水速率满足不同的动力学特征,初期主要受表面控制,中期为扩散控制。水玻璃成胶特性与促凝剂中阳离子的化学价有关,高价阳离子更有助于凝胶的生成。     

新壤无氨凝胶的制备与胶凝特性研究

采用光电分析法研究了环保型无氨凝胶防灭火材料，比较了三种促凝剂与水玻璃生成无氨凝胶的胶凝特性，并研究了具有较好胶凝特性的促凝剂C与水玻璃在不同浓度、不同温度下的成胶特性及其失水性和热稳定性。结果表明：促凝剂C对水玻璃的促凝效果较好，生成的凝胶强度高、失水率低；当水玻璃浓度为7％、促凝剂C浓度为1．8％-3．0％时，对成胶过程有利；由浓度为7％的水玻璃与浓度为2．5％-3．0％的促凝剂C生成的凝胶失水速率最小；温度大于80℃时，凝胶失水速率随温度升高快速增大；凝胶在不同阶段的失水速率满足不同的动力学特征，初期主要受表面控制，中期为扩散控制。水玻璃成胶特性与促凝剂中阳离子的化学价有关，高价阳离子更有助于凝胶的生成。     

薜荔果胶的胶凝特性

对薜荔果胶胶质的胶凝特性及其主要影响因子--pH值、温度和Ca2+等进行了研究，确定了该胶质胶凝的pＨ值范围，保持最适凝胶状态的最适温度以及Ca2+对不同pH条件下的胶质溶液的胶凝作用.     

基于Diels-Alder反应的可注射缓释水凝胶的制备及其理化性质

本研究旨在通过药物-聚合物偶联物模型和Diels-Alder点击反应制备一种可注射缓释水凝胶。将葛根素与透明质酸通过酰胺键连接得到葛根素-透明质酸偶联物(PUE-HA),将PUE-HA和四臂马来酰亚胺聚乙二醇(4-arm-PEG-MAL)通过Diels-Alder点击反应交联制备了可注射缓释水凝胶(PUE-HA-PEG),并考察了三种不同呋喃(Furan)与马来酰亚胺基(MI)比例对所得水凝胶的胶凝时间、形貌、溶胀度、降解度、葛根素体外释放、水凝胶力学性能以及水凝胶生物相容性等理化性质的影响。与1Furan/1MI和1Furan/2MI水凝胶相比，1Furan/4MI的水凝胶胶凝时间可缩短至1 min。随着MI比例的增加，水凝胶具有更低的降解速率(21 d降解率低于60%),更好的力学性能，缓释释药作用更加明显。实验结果表明，Furan/MI的比例对可注射缓释水凝胶的理化性质具有重大影响。     

马铃薯羧甲基淀粉糊化特性研究

对马铃薯羧甲基淀粉糊性质进行了详细的研究,包括不同取代度羧甲基淀粉糊化温度,糊的冻融稳定性、透明度、抗霉生长能力及温度、浓度、回旋速度、pH值和介质对羧甲基淀粉糊粘度性质的影响.结果表明,马铃薯羧甲基淀粉具有低温易糊化,糊凝沉性弱,冻融稳定性好,抗霉能力强和透明度高的优良性质.氯化钠及钙离子对马铃薯羧甲基淀粉粘度性质有较大的影响.     

松果菊苷鼻用温敏凝胶的制备及体外释放度研究

以松果菊苷为模型药物,泊洛沙姆P407、P188为凝胶基质,PVPK30为粘膜粘附剂,考察凝胶的相变温度和黏附力,优选基质处方。同时采用Franz扩散池法,以生理盐水为介质进行体外释放特性评价。采用冷法工艺制备松果菊苷鼻用温敏凝胶,采用UPLC测定其药物含量,参照《中国药典》2015年版相关规定对松果菊苷凝胶的澄明度、pH、粘度、胶凝强度等进行测定,并用Franz扩散池法,以生理盐水为介质进行体外释放评价。结果显示,以处方中含有的泊洛沙姆P407为20%、泊洛沙姆188为3%、PVPK30为0.1%为最佳处方,平均胶凝温度在32℃,胶凝强度、粘度、黏附力、pH值均在鼻腔用药适宜范围内,澄清度良好。体外释放符合Higuchi方程。由此可知,该制剂处方设计和工艺方法可行,各项评价指标均在适宜范围内,并具有一定的缓释特性,适合鼻腔给药。     

生物还原响应的酶交联可注射水凝胶

可注射水凝胶作为生物材料被广泛用于生物医学领域. 合成了含有二硫键的葡聚糖衍生物(Dex-SS-PA), 使用辣根过氧化酶化学交联制备出新型的生物还原响应的可注射水凝胶. 系统研究了这些水凝胶的物理化学属性, 包括成胶时间、胶含量及降解性, 同时使用生死染色实验和噻唑蓝比色法实验评价了它们的细胞生物相容性. 研究结果表明, 葡聚糖的分子量越大、根皮酸的取代度越高、Dex-SS-PA 的浓度越大, 获得的水凝胶成胶时间越短、胶含量越高. 在还原环境中, Dex-SS-PA 水凝胶能够被降解. 此外, 这些水凝胶没有明显的细胞毒性. 因此, 这类新的水凝胶预示着较好的生物医学应用前景.     

Kappa-卡拉胶和琼脂糖及其共混凝胶的性质与温度的关系

研究了溶液法制备的琼脂糖、Kappa-卡拉胶(Carrageenan)及其共混凝胶的光学、力学等性质与温度的关系。通过旋光值和构象转变热的研究,发现此共混凝胶无论在高温溶液时,还是在低温凝胶态时,均为完全互溶的真溶液。通过力学性质的分析,得知共混凝胶是由两个互相贯穿的均相网络构成的,两个网络之间不存在强烈的互相作用力,所以表现出比较理想的力学加合性。对纯物质和共混物进行的热力学分析表明,凝胶弹性模量随温度的变化受到热效应和网链数变化两个因素的影响。     

碱法造纸废液化学改性法制高温堵剂的研究

碱法造纸废液与苯酚、甲醛反应,生成的改性水溶液在200～300℃的高温条件下能生成凝胶,其胶凝时间为24～8小时,胶凝时间受组分的浓度、胶凝反应温度、溶液的pH值、溶液含盐量等因素的影响,生成的凝胶具有较高的强度,且耐高温,不溶于水,将其用于蒸汽开采稠油中,对不均质地层的高渗透层进行封堵,可提高稠油采收率。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.