松针总黄酮的提取工艺优化研究

研究了松针中总黄酮的提取工艺.通过比较3种松针水提液和醇提液的总黄酮含量,筛选出水提法作为工艺优化的提取方法,湿地松松针中总黄酮含量最高.通过单因素实验和正交实验,确定了各因素影响松针总黄酮提取的主次顺序为:提取温度＞酸碱度＞料液比＞提取时间,并得到了最佳提取工艺条件:提取温度为100 ℃,提取时间为3 h,酸碱度为pH 10.0,料液比为1 ∶ 14.最佳工艺条件下湿地松松针总黄酮的得率为(5.474 3±0.013 1)%.     

黄山松松针挥发油提取、GC-MS分析及与湿地松挥发油的比较

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从黄山松松针中提取挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对松针挥发油的化学成分进行了分析.在本实验条件下,黄山松松针挥发油得率为(0.48±0.02)%,共分离出80个色谱峰,鉴定出25个(相对峰面积达到1%以上)化合物,占总峰面积的75.28%,主要成分为1-石竹烯(14.18%)、乙酸冰片酯(7.31%)、β-蒎烯(6.89%)、3-亚甲基-6-(1-甲基乙基)环己烯(5.1%)、α-蒎烯(4.97%)和大根香叶烯D(4.37%).与同等条件下提取的湿地松松针挥发油进行了比较,发现两者的得率相近,主要的化合物都为萜类物质,但两者的差异成分分别占总成分的51.74%和43.54%,两者共同成分中的一些主要成分含量差异明显,其中1-石竹烯和乙酸冰片酯是黄山松松针挥发油中含量最高而且特有的成分.由此可知,黄山松松针与湿地松松针的挥发油成分具有一定的差异性.     

绒白乳菇菌丝体多糖提取工艺的研究

以绒白乳菇菌丝体为原料,采用水提法提取其多糖,比较了提取温度、提取时间、料液比对绒白乳菇菌丝体多糖得率的影响;在此基础上进行了正交实验,确定了水提法提取绒白乳菇菌丝体多糖的最佳工艺条件为料液比1∶25、提取时间5.0 h、提取温度70℃;此条件下绒白乳菇菌丝体多糖的得率可达1.195%.     

响应面法优化杨梅原花青素提取工艺

为优化杨梅原花青素的提取工艺参数,通过单因素实验,采用响应面法研究乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间和温度等对杨梅原花青素提取的影响,以原花青素提取率为评价指标,通过Box-Behnken组合,建立杨梅提取的二次回归方程,得到最优提取条件.结果表明,杨梅原花青素提取得率的影响的顺序为:乙醇浓度温度时间料液比;杨梅原花青素的最佳提取工艺条件为:乙醇浓度为92%,提取温度75℃,提取时间57 min,液料比选取25:1(m L/g).该条件下,杨梅原花青素提取率的为30.03 mg/g.     

水浸法提取刺梨中多糖

为了简化刺梨多糖的提取工艺,达到节能、省时、方便的目的,用水提法提取刺梨多糖,探讨乙醇质量分数、提取温度、加热时间和料液比对多糖提取率的影响.采用正交实验优化工艺,以多糖提取率为评价指标,用蒽酮硫酸法测定多糖含量.水提法的最佳工艺条件为温度75 ℃,时间1 h,料液比1∶40,乙醇质量分数0%.在此条件下刺梨多糖的得率为4.7%.     

响应面法优化血糯米花青素提取工艺及抗氧化活性研究

以血糯米为原料,利用醇提法提取血糯米花青素,并用pH示差法测定其含量,先采用单因素实验考察乙醇体积分数、料液比、提取温度、提取时间对血糯米花青素提取的影响,再通过响应面法优化提取工艺条件,得最优条件为:乙醇体积分数51%、料液比1 g∶25 mL、提取温度67℃、提取时间45 min,血糯米花青素的含量为0.216 mg/g。用提取得到的花青素通过羟自由基清除率、ABTS自由基清除率抗氧化活性进行测定,实验表明,血糯米花青素具有对较强的抗氧化活性,其中对ABTS+清除率达到71.84%.     

响应面法优化地榆原花青素超声提取工艺

以乙醇为提取剂,采用超声辅助法对地榆根中原花青素提取工艺进行研究.在研究地榆根粒度、液料比、超声功率、超声时间、提取次数等单因素对花青素提取率影响的基础上,运用Box-Behnken中心组合试验和响应曲面法分析了液料比、超声波功率、超声时间3个因素对原花青素提取率的影响,并优化了提取工艺.结果表明:超声辅助对地榆根中原花青素提取的最佳工艺条件为液料比30.81∶1(m L∶g),功率320 W,时间42.97 min,在此工艺条件下,地榆根原花青素的提取率为4.86%.     

应用超声波法提取金银花中绿原酸

应用超声波法提取金银花中的绿原酸.采用紫外分光光度法测定不同提取工艺下制备的提取物中绿原酸的含量,并与传统的水提法、乙醇回流提取法比较,根据绿原酸的得率及抑菌效果确定金银花提取的优化工艺.实验结果表明,超声波法的绿原酸提取率高于水提法、乙醇提取法,但超声波法、水提法及乙醇提取法制备的绿原酸提取物对大肠杆菌的抑菌效果没有明显差异,其最小抑菌浓度(MIC)均为250μg/g.     

响应面法优化黄精叶多糖水提工艺

为建立与优化黄精叶多糖提取工艺,采用水提法提取黄精叶多糖,利用蒽酮-硫酸法测定多糖含量.以多糖提取率及出膏率为试验指标,在单因素试验基础上,通过三因素三水平Box-Behnken响应面法(RSM)优化黄精叶中多糖的提取条件.结果显示黄精叶多糖最佳提取工艺为:提取温度75℃,液料比15∶1,提取时间2.5 h.在此条件下,药材的出膏率为(47.65±0.16)%、多糖得率为(7.21±0.073)%.该水提工艺条件稳定可行,多糖得率较高.     

SDS-超声辅助水提取黄山贡菊类黄酮的工艺研究

以贡菊为研究材料,采用SDS-超声辅助水提取黄山贡菊类黄酮.通过正交优化实验获得最佳工艺条件为:SDS浓度为0.75％、料液比为1∶65、超声提取温度为55℃,超声提取时间为80min.在此条件下,黄山贡菊类黄酮的得率为5.690％.与SDS辅助热水法、热水提取法提取黄山贡菊类黄酮相比,SDS-起声辅助水提取黄山贡菊类黄酮的实际得率分别提高了15.99％和62.21％.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.