结构参数对直通穿孔管消声器消声性能影响的数值分析

直通穿孔管消声器具有良好的消声性能和低的压力损失,广泛应用于内燃机进排气噪声控制.为了深入认识其消声性能,文章应用有限元数值分析方法,详细讨论了结构参数对消声性能的影响,结果证明:共振腔体积相同时横截面形状对消声性能影响很小;穿孔管消声器的长度既影响消声频率又影响消声量;消声器共振腔径向尺寸增加,低频消声量增加,共振频率移向低频;穿孔管壁厚、穿孔率和穿孔孔径的改变对低频消声量无影响,主要影响共振频率及中频消声性能.     

基于响应面法的乘用车消声器声学性能优化

针对某乘用车车内、外消声器中频段(0.5~1.5kHz)降噪能力较差的问题,利用响应面法对消声器在中频段的传递损失进行优化.首先,采用Latin超立方法对插入管长度、穿孔板位置和穿孔率等设计变量进行采样,采用声学有限元法计算各样本点在中频段的传递损失;然后,利用Kriging模型建立中频段传递损失的响应面模型,并验证其计算精度;最后,利用遗传算法对该响应面模型的计算结果进行优化.结果表明,与优化前消声器在中频段的传递损失(27.05dB)相比,优化后消声器在中频段的传递损失(41.38dB)增加了14.33dB,其消声性能得到了明显改善.     

小排量发动机消声器性能仿真计算与优化研究

为满足严格的汽车噪声法规以及对汽车舒适度的需求,课题组以某款汽油机消声器为研究对象,将传递损失作为消声性能的评价指标,基于ANSYS软件建立消声器有限元模型,并通过SYSNOIS软件对其模型进行分析计算。利用建模方法模拟分析消声器各个扩张腔的性能,通过模拟实验可以得出以下结论：实验测试消声器第一、第二扩张腔对中低频消声效果较差;由原排气消声器传递损失分析结果可知,第一、第二扩张腔进出口处增加内插管的结构方案最优。仿真结果表明：当进口内插管、出口内插管长度正好为扩张腔长度的0.5倍与0.25倍时,此结构优化方案可有效提高排气消声器的消声性能。     

基于响应面模型与遗传算法的机床立柱优化

针对机床立柱优化问题,提出了一种将响应面模型与遗传算法相结合的优化设计方法。采用拉丁立方试验的设计方法,在设计空间中抽取样本点并进行数值模拟,建立了立柱最大变形、一阶固有频率及质量的响应面模型。利用遗传算法对响应面模型进行优化,得到了Pareto最优解集。实验结果表明:与原先的设计方案相比,优化后的立柱质量减轻了7.2%,最大变形量和前六阶固有频率有不同程度的改善。该文所提出的方法较适用于机床及类似复杂结构的参数优化设计。     

基于响应面法的复合材料舱壁结构优化设计

为减轻船舶结构重量,提高船舶的承运能力,造船企业逐渐考虑采用复合材料结构替代常规的钢制舱壁结构。为得到最佳的舱壁结构设计参数,提出了一种将响应面模型与遗传算法相结合的优化设计方法。采用Box-Behnken设计方法,在设计空间中抽取样本点并进行模拟,建立舱壁最大变形、最大Mises应力及质量的响应面模型。利用遗传算法对响应面模型进行优化,得到Pareto最优解。仿真实验表明:与原先的钢制舱壁方案,优化后的质量减轻了约23%,最大变形基本与钢制舱壁方案一致。研究结果表明所提出的方案适用于工程结构多参数优化设计。     

基于响应面法和遗传算法的某SUV前悬优化

为了提高SUV的操纵稳定性,实现越野车型前悬架性能的优化,以某SUV的前悬架为研究对象,以多体动力学为基础,利用ADAMS/Car软件建立了某中大型SUV的前悬架装配动力学模型.采用灵敏度分析选取对前轮定位参数影响大的关键点作为优化变量,基于响应面法建立了3种阶次的响应面模型.在MATLAB中运用遗传算法得到了响应面模型目标函数的最优解,最后对各优化结果进行对比分析.研究结果表明响应面法能较精确地表示前轮定位参数,遗传算法优化可以明显减小前轮同向跳动过程中定位参数的变化量.     

计算机辅助消声器开发系统研究

介绍了一种计算机辅助消声器开发系统．它通过所建立的消声器三维模型对排气消声器的插入损失进行计算，考虑到消声器的各个主要结构参数对消声性能的影响，采用正交设计方法，根据消声量的要求对消声器结构参数进行优化．利用VBA对AutoCAD进行二次开发，完成了性能计算程序与结构绘图程序间的数据共享，实现了消声器结构图的自动绘制及编辑．试验结果表明：该开发系统是有效的．     

数控内齿强力珩齿机床身结构的多目标优化

床身是数控内齿强力珩齿机的关键零部件之一,为实现床身质量、一阶固有频率和最大变形量的综合优化,文章提出一种将响应面模型与遗传算法相结合的优化设计方法,对主要设计参数进行中心复合实验设计.在实验设计的基础上,对设计参数进行灵敏度分析并建立响应面模型,利用遗传算法对响应面模型进行优化设计,结合生产工艺确定最佳优化方案.以Y...     

采用仿真软件GT-Power和Fluent的消声器声学和流场分析

某新车型怠速噪声严重超标,通过仿真软件GT-Power和Fluent仿真分析明确了消声器低频消声不足的原因及结构缺陷.提出了横流穿孔结构的前消声器结构,并改进了主消声器的穿孔形式. GT-Power仿真和试验结果表明,消声器低频消声性能得到提高,无载和带载怠速噪声分别降低超过4dB(A)和3dB(A),三挡全油门尾管总噪声及排气背压均满足技术要求.     

响应面模型与多目标遗传算法相结合的机床立柱参数优化

针对传统方法在复杂机械结构优化设计中的低效性和局限性,提出了一种将响应面模型与多目标遗传算法相结合的优化设计方法.采用拉丁超立方试验的设计方法,在设计空间抽取样本点并进行数值模拟,建立了由7个设计参数所决定的立柱最大变形、首阶固有频率及质量的初始二阶响应面模型.利用多目标遗传算法对响应面模型进行循环逼近优化,得到了Pareto最优解集.仿真结果表明,在质量不变的条件下,优化解可使立柱首阶固有频率增加15.9%,导轨处最大变形减小7.7%,可通过有限次数的数值模拟计算获得设计空间内的近似最优解,因此较适用于机床及类似复杂结构的多目标多参数的优化设计.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.