细叶小羽藓孢子的超低温保存

通过对干燥时间及预处理温度等超低温保存条件的实验探索,筛选出细叶小羽藓(Haplocladium microphyllum)孢子超低温最适保存条件,利用最适保存条件对细叶小羽藓孢子进行不同时间(1 d、15 d、30 d、90 d、180 d)的超低温保存研究,并与未经任何处理直接投入液氮的孢子进行比较.结果表明:(1)细叶小羽藓孢子在硅胶干燥5 h、-20℃低温预处理和室温自来水化冻的条件下的平均萌发率最高(88.26%),干燥20 h、常温处理的孢子与干燥5 h、-20℃低温预处理的孢子平均萌发率差异不显著;(2)液氮保存1 d后的孢子平均萌发率(88.26%)高于未用液氮保存的孢子平均萌发率(77.90%),保存30 d后的孢子平均萌发率降为6.03%,而保存90 d后平均萌发率又出现上升的趋势,达到88.47%,保存180 d后平均萌发率仍维持在49.46%,相对保持率为63.49%.因此,使用液氮超低温长期保存细叶小羽藓孢子是可行的.     

唐菖蒲花粉低温保存效果分析

以‘超级红’等唐菖蒲切花品种的花粉为试材,研究了花蕾的开放状态、花粉含水量、不同干燥时间与不同保存温度、预冻方式和解冻方式对唐菖蒲花粉萌发率的影响,同时测定了唐菖蒲4个栽培品种花粉的长期保存效果。结果表明:唐菖蒲花朵刚呈展开状态时的花粉萌发率最高;未干燥花粉和干燥1 h之内花粉萌发率次高。保存温度和含水量对花粉的保存效果影响显著,花粉在干燥0～1 h、-80 ℃温度下保存效果好;0 ℃预冻有利于花粉的低温保存;37 ℃温水化冻处理的花粉萌发率明显高于其他解冻方式。唐菖蒲4个栽培品种花粉的长期保存以-80 ℃低温条件效果较好,保存时间可达1 a以上,0 ℃处理的次之,4 ℃和-20 ℃条件下保存的花粉萌发率较低,且品种间差异显著。     

红桤木花粉生活力及其贮藏方法的研究

以红桤木花粉为试材,用TTC染色法和离体培养法对其生活力进行了测定,同时探讨了不同贮藏方法对花粉生活力的影响。结果表明：TTC法不适于红桤木花粉生活力的测定;花粉在10 %蔗糖+0.1 %硼酸的培养基上培养8 h后萌发率最高;随着贮藏时间的延长红桤木花粉生活力下降,其适宜贮藏温度为-20 ℃;超低温保存中花粉以自来水冲洗解冻效果最好,但超低温保存并没有延长花粉保存时间。     

不同贮藏方法对桂花花粉活力影响的研究

研究不同贮藏方法对桂花花粉活力的影响,探索桂花花粉保存的适宜条件。以4个品种群中的9种桂花品种为试验材料,对其进行常温、低温、低温冷冻和超低温冷冻贮藏,并对不同贮藏时间内的花粉活力进行检测。结果表明:桂花花粉在10%的蔗糖、0.01%硼酸和1%的琼脂糖组成的固体培养基上,25℃恒温培养24 h后花粉基本充分萌发,可用于萌发率的统计;光照和黑暗对花粉萌发无显著影响。不同贮藏条件下花粉保存效果差异显著,室温条件(15~20℃)下,大多数品种花粉寿命为15~20 d;低温贮藏(4℃)花粉活力可延长至50 d,低温冷冻(-20℃)和超低温冷冻(-70℃)贮藏100 d后大多数桂花品种的花粉萌发率差异不显著。在低温冷冻和超低温冷冻条件下桂花花粉活力下降较慢,可用于花粉较长时间的保存。     

“素心”蜡梅花粉生活力及贮藏力的研究

采用离体萌发法,研究不同的培养基对成年株"素心"蜡梅(Chimonanthus praecox)花粉萌发的作用,并探讨不同干燥时间及贮藏条件对花粉生活力的影响。结果表明,干燥4h的花粉在10%蔗糖+75mg·L~(-1) H_3BO_3+0.1‰CaCl_2+50mg·L~(-1) GA3的培养基上培养4h后萌发率最高,并且干燥4h后的花粉贮藏2d后生活力下降明显,在-20℃条件下贮藏6d后花粉萌发率明显高于4℃和20℃贮藏的花粉,第8d后3种贮藏条件下的花粉萌发率均不到1%。研究结果可为测定和分析蜡梅花粉生活力提供一定的参考,也为蜡梅储存指出了方向。     

“素心”蜡梅花粉生活力及贮藏力的研究

采用离体萌发法,研究不同的培养基对成年株“素心”蜡梅(Chimonanthus praecox)花粉萌发的作用,并探讨不同干燥时间及贮藏条件对花粉生活力的影响。结果表明,干燥4 h的花粉在10%蔗糖+75 mg·L-1 H3BO3+0.1‰Ca Cl2+50mg·L-1 GA3的培养基上培养4 h后萌发率最高,并且干燥4 h后的花粉贮藏2 d后生活力下降明显,在-20℃条件下贮藏6 d后花粉萌发率明显高于4℃和20℃贮藏的花粉,第8 d后3种贮藏条件下的花粉萌发率均不到1%。研究结果可为测定和分析蜡梅花粉生活力提供一定的参考,也为蜡梅储存指出了方向。
     

几种不同楸树花粉萌发率的测定及花粉超低温保存方法

对5种不同楸树(楸树、滇楸、梓树、灰楸和黄金树)花粉萌发率的研究表明:花粉在恒温25℃培养6 h时萌发率较好,培养基为:10%蔗糖 0.01%硼酸 1%琼脂。在室温水培条件下,花粉在3 d内都保持较好的萌发率,第4天至第7天萌发率快速下降。花粉在液氮和-70℃条件下贮藏生活力较好,随贮藏时间延长生活力下降幅度也较小;常温贮藏时花粉萌发率最低,且生活力丧失快;而0℃和-20℃贮藏花粉生活力居中。超低温保存后花粉的解冻方式对花粉的萌发率影响较大,楸树各树种均以温水浴(35~38℃)下解冻5 min效果最好。     

七叶树种子离体胚的超低温保存

通过对七叶树种子离体胚超低温(-196 ℃)保存后生活力、相对电导率和脱氢酶活性的测定分析,初 步研究其长期保存的可行性。结果表明：含水率是影响七叶树种子离体胚超低温保存的重要因素,超低温 保存时应对种子进行适度脱水。超低温保存后,七叶树离体胚生活力最高为93 %,其处理组合中57.3 %含 水率+缓速冷冻+快速解冻+10 %二甲基亚砜+10 %蔗糖+20 %聚乙二醇为最佳处理方案。     

超低温保存下藓类植物孢子萌发率的变化:以6种藓类植物为例

为了检验苔藓植物孢子超低温保存方法的适用性,该文对采自不同生境中的6种藓类孢子超低温保存前的干燥时间和低温预处理进行探索,并在最适处理条件下对其中5种藓类孢子进行不同时间梯度(1 d、15 d、30 d、90 d和180 d)的超低温保存研究.结果表明:①经过干燥和低温预处理后,6种藓类孢子的最高萌发率均维持在较高水平(87.25%～96.21%);②与低温预处理相比,干燥处理在孢子超低温保存中更为关键.孢子在只进行干燥处理情况下其最高平均萌发率为74.97%～96.21%,而只对其进行低温预处理时的最高平均萌发率变化较大,从21.73%到90.94%;③5种藓类孢子在液氮保存1 d后的平均萌发率均最高(87.25%～96.21%),且随着保存时间的延长,所有藓类孢子的萌发率都有所下降,但仍维持在相对较高的水平(73.69%～86.60%);④葫芦藓、丝瓜藓和长蒴藓孢子在保存30 d后萌发率分别为86.49%、86.60%和84.98%,卵蒴真藓和丛生真藓孢子在保存180 d后萌发率仍可达到73.69%和84.17%.研究表明,藓类孢子非常适合于超低温保存,而且可能代表一种简单、稳定、高效的苔藓植物种质资源保存材料.     

不同培养和贮藏条件对‘凤丹白’牡丹花粉萌发的影响

为了确定不同质量浓度的蔗糖和硼酸组合溶液对‘凤丹白’(Paeonia ostii‘Fengdanbai’)牡丹花粉萌发的影响,探讨在适宜的培养质量浓度条件下不同的培养时间与萌发率之间的关系、不同温度条件贮藏后干花粉萌发率的变化情况,以新鲜的‘凤丹白’牡丹花粉为材料,用花粉离体萌发法进行活力测定并采用液体培养花粉的方法。结果表明:0.06 g·L~(-1)硼酸+100 g·L~(-1)蔗糖培养的‘凤丹白’花粉萌发率为63.22%,最适的离体培养时间为8 h,在5种不同温度条件下贮藏后生活力变化显著,超低温(-80℃)状态下花粉生活力基本保持不变,可以长期贮藏;4℃,低温(-18℃)状态下花粉生活力下降较慢,可以短期贮藏;而在30℃和25℃状态下花粉生活力下降较快,不适合贮藏。湿花粉生活力在30℃条件下比在25℃条件下下降的更快,在温度条件相同时湿花粉生活力均低于干花粉生活力。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

<正>~~     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to