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1.
通过对干燥时间及预处理温度等超低温保存条件的实验探索,筛选出细叶小羽藓(Haplocladium microphyllum)孢子超低温最适保存条件,利用最适保存条件对细叶小羽藓孢子进行不同时间(1 d、15 d、30 d、90 d、180 d)的超低温保存研究,并与未经任何处理直接投入液氮的孢子进行比较.结果表明:(1)细叶小羽藓孢子在硅胶干燥5 h、-20℃低温预处理和室温自来水化冻的条件下的平均萌发率最高(88.26%),干燥20 h、常温处理的孢子与干燥5 h、-20℃低温预处理的孢子平均萌发率差异不显著;(2)液氮保存1 d后的孢子平均萌发率(88.26%)高于未用液氮保存的孢子平均萌发率(77.90%),保存30 d后的孢子平均萌发率降为6.03%,而保存90 d后平均萌发率又出现上升的趋势,达到88.47%,保存180 d后平均萌发率仍维持在49.46%,相对保持率为63.49%.因此,使用液氮超低温长期保存细叶小羽藓孢子是可行的.  相似文献   

2.
将硬叶净口藓(Gymnostomum subrigidulum(Broth.)Chen)、仙鹤藓多蒴变种(Atrichum undulatum var.gracilisetum Besch.)和尖叶湿地藓(Hyophila acutifolia Saito.)3种藓类的孢子接种于Knop培养基上,观察记录其孢子萌发、原丝体发育及配子体发生的全过程.结果表明:硬叶净口藓的孢子萌发类型是真藓型(Bryum-type),仙鹤藓多蒴变种的孢子萌发类型是真藓型(Bryum-type),而尖叶湿地藓的孢子萌发类型是短茎藓型(Di-physcium-type).藓类植物原丝体的发育特征是其对生长环境长期适应的结果.  相似文献   

3.
研究了山东崂山产4种藓类植物的孢子萌发和原丝体发育特征.4种藓类分别是:小石藓Weisia controversa Hedw.,拟草藓Pseudoleskeopsis zippelli(Dozy et Molk.)Broth.,淡叶长喙藓Rhynchostegium pallidifoli-um(Mitt.)Jaeg.和东亚小金发藓Pogonatum inflexum(Lindb.)Par..参照Nishida对藓类植物孢子萌发和原丝体发育类型的划分,4种藓类植物孢子萌发的类均属于孢子壁外萌发,东亚小金发藓的原丝体发育类型为葫芦藓型(Funaria-type),其它3种为真藓型(Bryum-type).  相似文献   

4.
比较系统地对丛藓科11属18种藓类植物孢子萌发和原丝体发育过程进行研究,分析了其发育过程中的不同特征.参照Nishida对藓类植物孢子萌发和原丝体发育类型的划分标准,将丛藓科18种藓类植物的原丝体发育类型划分成真藓型(Bryum-type)、光藓型(Schistostega-type)、虎尾藓型(Hediwigia-type)和蓑藓型(Macromitrium-type)4种孢子萌发型.根据孢子萌发型的特点,探讨分析了孢子萌发型与丛藓科植物的系统进化、生态适应和生殖策略之间的关系.  相似文献   

5.
数值分类在藓类植物中的应用   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
根据数值分类学的基本原理,设计了一个实现藓类植物数值分类的算法,通过该算法对33种藓类植物孢子和孢蒴的主要性状进行了计算机数量化分析,根据距离系数验证了它们之间的相似性和区别,并与形态和细胞分类作了比较,从数值分类角度可以说明大帽藓属(Encalypta)、真藓属(Bryum)和金发藓属(Polytrichum)是属级的自然分类群,小金发藓属(Pogonatum)与金发藓属(Polytrichum)是科一级的自然分类群,有2个物种与所在属的其它物种距离系数相差相关稍大,原因有待进一步探讨。  相似文献   

6.
河北省侧蒴藓类植物新记录(Ⅰ)   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
对河北省藓类植物进行考察、整理、鉴定 ,发现了河北省侧蒴藓类植物新记录 7种 1变型 ,它们是 :中华白齿藓 Leucodon sinensis Thèr.、拟草藓 Pseudoleskeopsiszippelii( Dozy & Molk.) Broth.、硬枝小羽藓H aplocladium strictulum( Card.) Reim.、粗肋镰刀藓北方变型 Drepanocladussendtneri( Schimp.) Warnst.f.borealis Moenk.、撒氏青藓 Brachythecium sakuraii Broth.、细疣绢藓 Entodon verruculosus X.S.Wen、赤茎小锦藓 Brotherella erythrocaulis( Mitt.) Fleisch.、粗叶拟垂枝藓 Rhytidiadelphus squarosus( Hedw.) Warnst..根据标本初步讨论了这些植物的识别特征、生境、产地和地理分布特点 ,并绘制了形态解剖图 ,以期对河北省藓类植物的系统研究和植物多样性的统计分析提供资料 .鉴定标本保存在河北师范大学生命科学学院植物标本室 ( HBNU) .  相似文献   

7.
对浙江省清凉峰国家自然保护区苔藓植物进行了广泛调查采集和标本鉴定,共发现并报道浙江省藓类植物新纪录种31个,其中浙江省新纪录属2个:毛齿藓属(Trichodon Schimp.)和变齿藓属(Zygodon Hook.Taylor).对它们的主要特征、生境和地理分布进行了初步讨论.  相似文献   

8.
在大的空间尺度上,研究了我国苔藓植物多样性的地理分布格局,系统地收集了1 534种藓类植物在我国中东部地区80个自然保护区和国家森林公园分布的数据,分析了中国藓类植物主要类群在80个地理单元物种分布的嵌套水平和多样性保护的SLOSS(single large or several small)策略.研究发现,藓类、侧蒴藓类、顶蒴藓类、金发藓类-烟杆藓类、泥炭藓科(Spagnaceae)、丛藓科(Pottiaceae)、青藓科(Brachytheciaceae)、木灵藓科(Orthotrichaceae)、曲尾藓科(Dicranaceae)和真藓科(Bryaceae)存在明显的嵌套分布现象.不同地区之间的藓类植物,以贵州境内保护区的藓类植物嵌套分布程度最高,浙江和两广地区的为最低.无论从科还是从属和种的水平上,在面积相近的情况下,均倾向于建立一个大的自然保护区(SL)策略,特别是对于木灵藓科、金灰藓科(Pylaisiaceae)、曲尾藓科、泥炭藓科、提灯藓科.对生境专一性强的种类越多的藓类群,越倾向于SL策略.就不同的地理区域来讲,在浙江境内建立自然保护区,更倾向于建立多个小的保护区(SS)策略,在贵州境内更倾向于SL策略.  相似文献   

9.
在野外调查和区系分析的基础上,在32个采集地区,对不同海拔高度的236个苔藓植物样方(20cm×20cm)进行详细调查,并采集标本6000余号,经室内整理,对196种(包括种下单位),隶属17科、66属的侧蒴藓类植物进行了统计分析.首次报道了河北省侧蒴藓类植物垂直分布和群落类型的基本特征,为进一步深入研究提供了基础资料.  相似文献   

10.
甘肃省藓类植物新纪录   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
报道了分布于白龙江流域的甘肃省藓类植物的1个新纪录科,8个新纪录属和66个新纪录种.新纪录科是四齿藓科(Tetraphidaceae),新纪录属是白氏藓属(Brothera),圆口藓属(Cyroweisia),异蒴藓属(Lyellia),拟白发藓属(Paraleucobryum),平珠藓属(Plagiopus),锯齿藓属(Prionidium),扭毛藓属(Streblotrichum)和四齿藓属(Tetraphis),新纪录种为白氏藓(Brotheraleana),短颈圆口藓(Gyroweisia brevicoulis),宽果异蒴藓(Lyellia platycarpa),拟白发藓(Paraleucobryum enerve)和长叶拟白发藓(P.longifolium)等.  相似文献   

11.
侏罗纪五种锥叶蕨植物原位孢子及其与分散孢子的关系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过室内实验分析和镜下鉴定,研究了甘肃窑街盆地中侏罗世五种锥叶蕨的原位孢子,揭示其孢子囊群和原位孢子特征.通过对比发现:其原位孢子与地层中的五种分散孢子较为一致,而且大化石与分散孢子的地史、地理分布范围也相同,因而认为Cyathidites australis是Coniopterismargaretae的孢子,后者为前者的母体植物;Cyathidites medicus是Coniopteris hymenophylloides的孢子,后者为前者的母体植物;Cibotiumspora dicksoniaeformis是Coniopteris lanzhouensis的孢子,后者为前者的母体植物;Punctatisporites triassicus是Coniopteris bella的孢子,后者为前者的母体植物;Cyathidites minor是Coniopteris spectabilis的孢子,后者为前者的母体植物.  相似文献   

12.
Sexual reproduction in non-vascular plants requires unicellular free-motile sperm to travel from male to female reproductive structures across the terrestrial landscape. Recent data suggest that microarthropods can disperse sperm in mosses. However, little is known about the chemical communication, if any, that is involved in this interaction or the relative importance of microarthropod dispersal compared to abiotic dispersal agents in mosses. Here we show that tissues of the cosmopolitan moss Ceratodon purpureus emit complex volatile scents, similar in chemical diversity to those described in pollination mutualisms between flowering plants and insects, that the chemical composition of C. purpureus volatiles are sex-specific, and that moss-dwelling microarthropods are differentially attracted to these sex-specific moss volatile cues. Furthermore, using experimental microcosms, we show that microarthropods significantly increase moss fertilization rates, even in the presence of water spray, highlighting the important role of microarthropod dispersal in contributing to moss mating success. Taken together, our results indicate the presence of a scent-based 'plant-pollinator-like' relationship that has evolved between two of Earth's most ancient terrestrial lineages, mosses and microarthropods.  相似文献   

13.
Previously,more than 400 species of bryophytes in Gansu Province were reported;however,there was no any species of the moss family Sphagnaceae[1-5].In 2006,we collected a specimen of the family Sphag naceae from Baishuijiang National Nature Reserve in Gansu Province.Then three specimens of diferentcommunities were gathered again from this area in 2007.We provide the picture concerning its natural habitat in the paper(Fig.1).  相似文献   

14.
Quantifying nitrogen-fixation in feather moss carpets of boreal forests   总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21  
DeLuca TH  Zackrisson O  Nilsson MC  Sellstedt A 《Nature》2002,419(6910):917-920
Biological nitrogen (N) fixation is the primary source of N within natural ecosystems, yet the origin of boreal forest N has remained elusive. The boreal forests of Eurasia and North America lack any significant, widespread symbiotic N-fixing plants. With the exception of scattered stands of alder in early primary successional forests, N-fixation in boreal forests is considered to be extremely limited. Nitrogen-fixation in northern European boreal forests has been estimated at only 0.5 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1); however, organic N is accumulated in these ecosystems at a rate of 3 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) (ref. 8). Our limited understanding of the origin of boreal N is unacceptable given the extent of the boreal forest region, but predictable given our imperfect knowledge of N-fixation. Herein we report on a N-fixing symbiosis between a cyanobacterium (Nostoc sp.) and the ubiquitous feather moss, Pleurozium schreberi (Bird) Mitt. that alone fixes between 1.5 and 2.0 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) in mid- to late-successional forests of northern Scandinavia and Finland. Previous efforts have probably underestimated N-fixation potential in boreal forests.  相似文献   

15.
16.
浙江省藓类植物区系的研究概况   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
介绍了浙江省藓类植物研究的历史。目前已知浙江省有藓类植物52科214属700种,其中曲尾藓科(Dieranaceae)、青藓科(Brachytheciaceae)、灰藓科(Hypnaceae)、丛藓科(Pottiaceae)、蔓藓科(Meteoriaceae)、锦藓科(Sematophyllaceae)、真藓科(Bryaceae)、羽藓科(Thuidiaceae)、提灯藓科(Mniaceae)和平藓科(Neckeraceae)是10个最大的科,包含了123属422种;青藓属(Brachythecium)、凤尾藓属(Fissidens)、曲尾藓属(Dicranum)、真藓属(Bryum)、曲柄藓属(CampyLopus)、绢藓属(Entodon)、匍灯藓属(Plagiomnium)、泽藓属(Philonotis)和羽藓属(Thuidium)是10个主要的属。列出了有关浙江省藓类植物区系的文献资料。  相似文献   

17.
以青藓(Brachythecium albicans)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium)、东亚砂藓(Racomitrium japonicum)、鳞叶藓(Taxiphyllum taxirameum)、绢藓(Entodon cladorrhizans)、大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme)为材料,与假俭草(Eremochloa ophiuroides)、佛甲草(Sedum lineare)两种常用立体绿化植物作对比,比较了它们的吸水率及其在不同温度条件下的保水性.提出了对水分调节能力的评估方法,获得了8种植物水分调节能力的相对指标.按该指标由高到低,分别是大灰藓(0.821 5)、大羽藓(0.672 7)、青藓(0.546 8)、东亚砂藓(0.532 1)、鳞叶藓(0.528 5)、绢藓(0.437 4)、佛甲草(0.284 3)和假俭草(0.212 6).  相似文献   

18.
报道了采自浙江省金华市郊的大湿原藓Calliergonella cuspidata(Hedw.)Loeske为浙江省新记录种;对在浙江省重新发现的小扭口藓Barbula indica(Hook.)Spreng进行了详细描述,回顾了该种的分类历史.比较了以上2种植物与近缘种的鉴别特征、生境和地理分布.  相似文献   

19.
Study of moss as air pollution monitor by SRXRF technique   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
In order to explore the mechanism of moss as air pollution biomonitor, the moss samples were exposed in a pollution site of Shanghai Institute of Steel Research (SISR) and a control site of Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (SIAP) simultaneously for one month. The concentrations of trace elements in the micro areas of leaf and stem, as well as in the whole moss tissue, were determined using synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SRXRF) method. The distributions of some metal elements such as Pb, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, Zn, Ca and K in the leaf surface and the stem slice were obtained. The results showed that the metallic ions were not evenly distributed after adsorption. In particular, some elements of K, Ni, Fe, Pb, etc., were concentrated in the leaf apex and the intermediate rib. Under pollution condition, the excessive Pb was adsorbed and deposited in the leaf. It caused serious damage to plant growth and ultrastructure, also suppressed moss’ normal absorption to the nutritive elements of K, Ca, etc.  相似文献   

20.
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